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carbon

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Carbon, carbón, càrbon, and carbôn

English

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Chemical element
C
Previous: boron (B)
Next: nitrogen (N)

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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carbon (countable and uncountable, plural carbons)

  2. (uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.
  3. (countable) An atom of this element, in reference to a molecule containing it.
    A methane molecule is made up of a single carbon with four hydrogens.
  4. (countable, informal) A sheet of carbon paper.
    • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 51:
      He stepped back and opened his bag and took out a printed pad of D.O.A. forms and began to write over a carbon.
  5. (countable, informal) A carbon copy.
  6. A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal.
  7. (ecology, uncountable) carbon dioxide, in the context of climate change.
    carbon neutral
  8. A carbon rod or pencil used in an arc lamp.
    • 1892, English Mechanic and World of Science, page 444:
      To trim an arc lamp, first remove the old carbons and carefully and thoroughly wipe the carbon rods, holders, &c. with a clean, dry rag.
  9. A plate or piece of carbon used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery.
  10. (informal) Ellipsis of carbon fiber (reinforced polymer).
    carbon bike frame

Hyponyms

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Hyponyms of carbon

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Bengali: কার্বন (karbon)
  • → Malay: karbon
  • → Navajo: káábin
  • → Welsh: carbon

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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carbon (third-person singular simple present carbons, present participle carboning, simple past and past participle carboned)

  1. (Internet, transitive, uncommon) To cause (someone) to receive a carbon copy of an email message.
    Synonyms: cc, copy
    When I send it, I’ll carbon Julia so she’s aware.

See also

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carbon related terms

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Danish

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Alternative forms

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  • karbon (rare, but now official)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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carbon n (singular definite carbonet, not used in plural form)

  1. (chemistry) carbon
    Synonym: kulstof

Usage notes

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While kul (“coal”) is never used to refer to the element of carbon, it may sometimes replace it in names of derivations, such as kuldioxid/carbondioxid, kulsyre, kulilte/carbonmonoxid.

Declension

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Declension of carbon
neuter
gender 		Singular
indefinite definite
nominative carbon carbonet
genitive carbons carbonets

Further reading

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kɑrˈbɔn/
  • Hyphenation: car‧bon
  • Rhymes: -ɔn

Etymology 1

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Probably borrowed from French carbone, ultimately from Latin carbō. The sense “fibre-reinforced polymer” derived from English carbon.

Noun

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carbon n (uncountable, diminutive carbonnetje n)

  1. fibre-reinforced polymer
  2. black diamond

Etymology 2

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From carbonpapier.

Noun

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carbon n (uncountable, diminutive carbonnetje n)

  1. carbon paper

Romanian

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 carbon on Romanian Wikipedia
Chemical element
C
Previous: bor (B)
Next: azot (N)

Etymology

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Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to burn”). Doublet of cărbune.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /karˈbon/
  • Hyphenation: car‧bon

Noun

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carbon n (uncountable)

  1. carbon (chemical element)

Declension

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singular only indefinite definite
nominative-accusative carbon carbonul
genitive-dative carbon carbonului
vocative carbonule

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin carbō, carbōnem.

Noun

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carbon m (genitive singular carboin, no plural)

  1. carbon (element)
    Synonym: gualan

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation of carbon
radical lenition
carbon charbon

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Welsh

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Welsh Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cy

Etymology

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Chemical element
C
Previous: boron (B)
Next: nitrogen (N)

Borrowed from English carbon, from French carbone from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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carbon m (plural carbonau)

  1. carbon
    Synonym: (obsolete) ulyfai

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of carbon
radical soft nasal aspirate
carbon garbon ngharbon charbon

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “carbon”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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