affaiblir

French

Etymology

From a- +‎ faible (“weak”) +‎ -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.fɛ.bliʁ/ ~ /a.fe.bliʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

affaiblir

1. (transitive) to weaken, to flag, to make weaker, to enfeeble, enervate, attenuate
2. (reflexive) to weaken, to become weaker

   Ses muscles se sont affaiblis avec le temps.

   His muscles weakened with time.

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of affaiblir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	affaiblir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	affaiblissant /a.fɛ.bli.sɑ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		affaibli /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblit /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblissons /a.fɛ.bli.sɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sɔ̃/	affaiblissez /a.fɛ.bli.se/ or /a.fe.bli.se/	affaiblissent /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/
	imperfect	affaiblissais /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/	affaiblissais /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/	affaiblissait /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/	affaiblissions /a.fɛ.bli.sjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sjɔ̃/	affaiblissiez /a.fɛ.bli.sje/ or /a.fe.bli.sje/	affaiblissaient /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/
	past historic2	affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblit /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblîmes /a.fɛ.blim/ or /a.fe.blim/	affaiblîtes /a.fɛ.blit/ or /a.fe.blit/	affaiblirent /a.fɛ.bliʁ/ or /a.fe.bliʁ/
	future	affaiblirai /a.fɛ.bli.ʁe/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁe/	affaibliras /a.fɛ.bli.ʁa/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁa/	affaiblira /a.fɛ.bli.ʁa/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁa/	affaiblirons /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɔ̃/	affaiblirez /a.fɛ.bli.ʁe/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁe/	affaibliront /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	affaiblirais /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/	affaiblirais /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/	affaiblirait /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/	affaiblirions /a.fɛ.bli.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁjɔ̃/	affaibliriez /a.fɛ.bli.ʁje/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁje/	affaibliraient /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	affaiblisse /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/	affaiblisses /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/	affaiblisse /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/	affaiblissions /a.fɛ.bli.sjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sjɔ̃/	affaiblissiez /a.fɛ.bli.sje/ or /a.fe.bli.sje/	affaiblissent /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/
	imperfect2	affaiblisse /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/	affaiblisses /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/	affaiblît /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	affaiblissions /a.fɛ.bli.sjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sjɔ̃/	affaiblissiez /a.fɛ.bli.sje/ or /a.fe.bli.sje/	affaiblissent /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/	—	affaiblissons /a.fɛ.bli.sɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sɔ̃/	affaiblissez /a.fɛ.bli.se/ or /a.fe.bli.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• affaibli
• affaiblissement
• affaiblisseur

Related terms

• faiblir

Further reading

• “affaiblir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.