Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/taŋis

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *Caŋis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taŋis/

Verb

*taŋis

(intransitive) to cry (to weep)

Descendants

Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
- Central Malayo-Polynesian:
  - Lamaholot: tani
  - Manipa: kani
  - Tetum: tanis
- Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  - Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:
    - Biga: tinis
    - Buli (Indonesia): tangis
    - Gebe: tenis
  - Proto-Oceanic:
    - Central-Eastern Oceanic:
      - Fijian: tagi
      - Proto-Polynesian: *taŋi
        Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
        Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
        Marquesic:
        Hawaiian: kani
        
        Mangarevan: tagi
        
        Rapa Nui: tagi
        
        Tahitic:
        Maori: tangi
        
        Rarotongan: tangi
        
        Tahitian: taʻi
        
        Western Polynesian:
        Ellicean–Outlier :
        Kapingamarangi: tangi
        
        Sikaiana: tani
        
        Tuvaluan: tagi
        
        Futunic:
        East Futuna: tagi
        
        Futuna-Aniwa: tagi
        
        Pukapukan: tangi
        
        Samoic:
        Samoan: tagi
        
        Tokelauan: tagi
        
        Tongic:
        Niuean: tagi
        
        Tongan: tangi
    - Western Oceanic:
      - Keapara: tagi
      - Motu: tai
      - Sinaugoro: taɣi
Western Malayo-Polynesian:
- Greater Barito:
  - East Barito:
    - Malagasy: tany, tomany
  - Sama-Bajaw:
    - Mapun: tangis
    - Pangutaran Sama: tangis
    - Yakan: tangis, magtangis
  - West Barito:
    - Ngaju: tangis
- Kayanic:
  - Bahau: nangeh
  - Busang Kayan: nangi
  - Rejang Kayan: tangi
- North Bornean:
  - Central Sarawakan:
    - Central Melanau: menangih
    - Kanowit: nangih
    - Lahanan: nangi, nangih
  - Northeast Sabahan:
    - Bonggi: tangis
  - Southwest Sabahan:
    - Murutic:
      - Burusu: nangi'
      - Papar: tumangi'
      - Tatana: mantangi'
    - Paitanic:
      - Serudung Murut: tumangi'
      - Tombonuo: tumangi'
      - Upper Kinabatangan: tumangi
- Proto-Philippine: *taŋis
  - Greater Central Philippine:
    - Central Philippine:
      - Bikol Central: tangis
      - Tagalog: tangis, tumangis
      - Visayan:
        Aklanon: tangis
        
        Cebuano: tangis
        
        Hiligaynon: tangis
        
        Tausug: tangis, tumangis
        
        Waray-Waray: tangis
    - Palawan:
      - Central Tagbanwa: tangit
      - Palawan Batak: tangis
  - Kalamian:
    - Agutaynen: tangit
    - Calamian Tagbanwa: tangit
  - Northern Luzon:
    - Cagayan Valley:
      - Isnag: sangit
      - Itawit: tangit
    - Ilocano: sangit, agsangit
    - Northeastern Luzon:
      - Dupaningan Agta: sanget
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: sanget
  - Sangiric:
    - Sangir: sangi, sangi'
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
  - Batak:
    - Karo Batak: tangis
    - Toba Batak: tangis
  - Gayo: tangis
- Chamorro: tanges
- Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
  - Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa:
    - Balinese: tangis
    - Sasak: tangis
  - Proto-Malayo-Chamic:
    - Proto-Malayic: *taŋis
      - Malay: tangis
        Indonesian: tangis
      - Minangkabau: tangih, manangih
      - Urak Lawoi': ตาแงฮ (tangäh), มือนาแงฮ (menangäh)
- Old Javanese: tangis
  - Javanese: tangis, nangis
- Proto-South Sulawesi:
  - Tae': tangi'
  - Toraja-Sa'dan: tumangi'