饅頭
See also: 馒头
Chinese
[edit]| head; (noun suffix) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (饅頭) | 饅 | 頭 | |
| simp. (馒头) | 馒 | 头 | |
| alternative forms | 曼頭／曼头 蠻頭／蛮头 | ||
Etymology
[edit]From Sanskrit मोद (mōda, “modak, gift, joy”), from Proto-Indo-European *mewd- (“to rejoice”) [2]. False etymological interpretations: "barbarian's head" (because of hieroglyph 蠻／蛮 (mán, “barbarian”) in alternative spelling 蠻頭／蛮头 (mántóu)) or relation with Chinese 麵／面 (miàn, “dough”).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): maan6 tau4 / maan4 tau4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): màn-thèu / mân-thèu
- Eastern Min (BUC): màng-tàu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6moe-deu6 / 2muon-dei2
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): monn2 dou
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˊ ˙ㄊㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mánto̊u
- Wade–Giles: man2-tʻou5
- Yale: mán-tou
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: man.tou
- Palladius: маньтоу (manʹtou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /män³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³/
- (Standard Chinese, literary or regional variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˊ ㄊㄡˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mántóu
- Wade–Giles: man2-tʻou2
- Yale: mán-tóu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mantour
- Palladius: маньтоу (manʹtou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /män³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: maan6 tau4 / maan4 tau4
- Yale: maahn tàuh / màahn tàuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: maan6 tau4 / maan4 tau4
- Guangdong Romanization: man6 teo4 / man4 teo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːn²² tʰɐu̯²¹/, /maːn²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Note: maan4 tau4 - rare.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: màn-thèu
- Hakka Romanization System: manˇ teuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: man2 teu2
- Sinological IPA: /man¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mân-thèu
- Hakka Romanization System: manˊ teuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: man1 teu2
- Sinological IPA: /man²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: màng-tàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /maŋ⁵³⁻³³ (tʰ-)nau⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān-thâu
- Tâi-lô: bān-thâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: baxntaau
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ban⁴¹⁻²² tʰau²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /ban²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bán-thâu
- Tâi-lô: bán-thâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: bafntaau
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhuêng6 tao5 / mang6 tao5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buĕng thâu / măng thâu
- Sinological IPA (key): /bueŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰau⁵⁵/, /maŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰau⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: monn2 dou
- Sinological IPA (key): /mõ¹³ təu̯³/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: man duw
Noun
[edit]饅頭
- Chinese steamed bun (without filling); mantou
- (Wu) steamed bun with filling; baozi
- 小籠饅頭／小笼馒头 [Shanghainese] ― 5shiau-lon 6moe-deu [Wugniu] ― xiaolongbao
- 生煎饅頭／生煎馒头 [Shanghainese] ― 1san-ci1 6moe-deu [Wugniu] ― shengjianbao
- (archaic) steamed bun (with or without filling)
- (figurative, slang) breast; tits
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 饅頭 (“steamed bun (without filling)”) [map]
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Sino-Xenic (饅頭):
Others:
- → Amis: manto
- → Bunun: mantu
- → English: mantou
- → French: mantou
- → Manchu: ᠮᡝᠨᡨᡠ (mentu)
- → Old Turkic: mantaw, mantū, mantï(Please either change this template to {{desc}} or insert a ====Descendants==== section in mantaw#Old Turkic)
- → Paiwan: mantu
- → Russian: маньтоу (manʹtou)
- → Sakizaya: mantu
- → Taroko: manto
- → Thai: หมั่นโถว (màn-tǒow)
- → Vietnamese: màn thầu
- → Zhuang: manzdouz
See also
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bīn-thâu
- Tâi-lô: bīn-thâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: bixntaau
- IPA (Taipei): /bin³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /bin²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn-thâu
- Tâi-lô: bîn-thâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: bintaau
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /bin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān-thâu
- Tâi-lô: bān-thâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: baxntaau
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ban³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: būn-thâu
- Tâi-lô: būn-thâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: buxntaau
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Noun
[edit]饅頭
- (Hokkien) Alternative form of 麵頭／面头 (miàntóu, “mantou used during the hundredth day commemoration of one's parent's death”)
References
[edit]Etymological sources - [2]
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 饅 | 頭 |
| まん Hyōgai |
じゅう Grade: 2 |
| tōon | |
Etymology
[edit]Note that in Modern Standard Chinese, 饅頭 means an unfilled bun; 包子 (bāozi) is the term for a filled bun.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]
饅頭 • (manjū) ←まんぢゆう (mandyuu)?
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → English: manju
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 饅 | 頭 |
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
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