閂

See also: 闩

閂	U+9582, 閂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9582

← 閁
[U+9581]

CJK Unified Ideographs

閃 →
[U+9583]

Translingual

Han character

閂 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+1, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一 (ANM), four-corner 7710₇, composition ⿵門一)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1330, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41211
Dae Jaweon: page 1834, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4282, character 3
Unihan data for U+9582

Chinese

trad.		閂
simp.		闩
alternative forms		𣟴𣠯

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 門 (“gate”) + 一 (“crossbar”) ― a crossbar over a gate; sealing it closed.

Compare 關.

Etymology 1

Related to 關 (OC *kroːn) (Zhengzhang, 2003).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shuān (shuan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄢ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): suan⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saan¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): san¹
Gan (Wiktionary): son¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhôn

(Meixian, Guangdong): con¹
Jin (Wiktionary): suan¹
Northern Min (KCR): sóng
Eastern Min (BUC): sŏng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): soan

(Teochew, Peng'im): suang¹ / suêng¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹soe
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xyan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shuān
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shuan
  - Wade–Giles: shuan¹
  - Yale: shwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuan
  - Palladius: шуань (šuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯än⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: suan⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: suan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suan²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: saan¹
  - Yale: sāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: san¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: san¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /san³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: son¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhôn
  - Hakka Romanization System: con^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: con¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰon²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: con¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔn⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: suan¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /suæ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sóng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /souŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan
  - Tâi-lô: suan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soafn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /suan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: suang¹ / suêng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suang / sueng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suaŋ³³/, /sueŋ³³/

Note: suêng1 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹soe
  - MiniDict: soe^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹soe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sø⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: xyan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯æn³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 閂
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂuan⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʂuan⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/suan²¹/
	Jinan	/ʂuã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʂuã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂuan²⁴/
	Xi'an	/fã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʂuan⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/fɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʂuan⁴⁴/ /fan⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/suan⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/suan¹³/
	Guiyang	/suan²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʂuaŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʂuæ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/suæ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/suɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/suæ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/sø⁵³/
	Suzhou	/sø⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/sz̩ʷõ³³/
	Wenzhou	/sø³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/suːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyan³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/sɔn³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/sɵn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰon⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰon²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/san⁵³/
	Nanning	/san⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/san⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/suan⁵⁵/ /sŋ̍⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/souŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡sʰuã²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/suaŋ³³/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sqʰroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閂
Reading #	1/1
No.	11931
Phonetic component	閂
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	𣠯
Old Chinese	/*sqʰroːn/
Notes	𣟴今字，實與闗同根

Definitions

閂

bolt; latch; crossbar
to bolt; to latch
(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to close (a door, a gate, etc.)
閂埋個窗／闩埋个窗 [Cantonese] ― saan¹ maai⁴ go³ coeng¹ [Jyutping] ― to close up the window
(Cantonese) to switch off; to turn off
閂風扇／闩风扇 [Cantonese] ― saan¹ fung¹ sin³ [Jyutping] ― to turn off the fan

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 關 (“to close (a door, gate, etc.)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		關, 閉
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	關
	Malaysia	關
	Singapore	關
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	關
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	關
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	關
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	關
Cantonese	Guangzhou	閂
	Hong Kong	閂
	Taishan	閂
	Singapore (Guangfu)	閂
Gan	Nanchang	關
Gan	Pingxiang	關
Hakka	Meixian	關
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	關
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	關
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	關
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	關
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	關
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	關
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	關
Southern Min	Taipei	關
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	關
	Kaohsiung	關
	Yilan	關
	Changhua (Lukang)	關
	Taichung	關
	Tainan	關
	Hsinchu	關
	Kinmen	關
	Penghu (Magong)	關
	Penang (Hokkien)	崁
	Singapore (Hokkien)	關
	Shantou	關
	Singapore (Teochew)	關
	Singapore (Hainanese)	關

Compounds

上閂／上闩 (shàngshuān)
門閂／门闩 (ménshuān)
閂門／闩门 (shuānmén)
關門落閂／关门落闩

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Northern Min (KCR): cho̿ng
Eastern Min (BUC): cháung
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhòaⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): cuan³

Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cho̿ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cháung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑuŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshuànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhvoax
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰuã²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuã⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuã²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuã¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuã²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cuan³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuàⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰũã²¹³/

Definitions

閂 (Min)

bolt; latch; crossbar
to bolt; to latch; to lock
閂門／闩门 [Hokkien] ― chhòaⁿ-mn̂g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to lock a door

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

閂

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: さん (san)
Kan-on: さん (san)
Kun: かんぬき (kannuki, 閂)^{←くわんぬき (kwannuki, 閂, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
閂
かんぬき Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
貫木 (uncommon)

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

閂 (錠)

Wikipedia ^ja

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

閂 (相撲)

Wikipedia ^ja

/kʷan no ki/ → /kʷanːoki/ → /kʷanːuki/ → /kanːuki/

Shift from 貫の木 (kan no ki, literally “1-kan (3.75-kilogram/8.267-pound) wood”)^[1]^[2] or 関の木 (kan no ki, literally “barrier-wood”), possibly influenced by 貫き (nuki, “wooden beam used in joinery”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かんぬき [kàńnúꜜkì] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]
(Tokyo) かんぬき [kàńnúkíꜜ] (Odaka – [4])^[1]
IPA^(key): [kã̠nːɯ̟kʲi]

Noun

閂(かんぬき) • (kannuki) ^{←くわんぬき (kwannuki)^?}

a heavy, usually wooden, crossbar used to lock across double doors or gates of an entrance to a building, similar to a latch
Synonym: 貫木 (kangi)
(sumo) a grip in which one wrestler wraps his arms around both of his opponent’s arms and squeezes them together to maneuver the opponent for a kimedashi or kimetaoshi, or to weaken the opponent’s grip on the mawashi; a type of armbar

Derived terms

Proper noun

閂(かんぬき) • (Kannuki) ^{←くわんぬき (Kwannuki)^?}

a surname

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-2] Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[1]

[2]