觀

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See also: 観, 观, and 覌
觀 U+89C0, 觀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89C0
← 覿
[U+89BF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 见 →
[U+89C1]

Translingual

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Traditional 觀
Shinjitai 観
Simplified 观

Han character

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觀 (Kangxi radical 147, 見+18, 24 strokes, cangjie input 廿土月山山 (TGBUU), four-corner 46210, composition ⿰雚見)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1138, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34993
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1605, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3677, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+89C0

Chinese

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trad. 觀
simp. 观
alternative forms 観
覌

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 觀
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (雚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觀 *koːn, *koːns
灌 *koːns
鸛 *koːns
瓘 *koːns
矔 *koːns, *kroːns
懽 *koːns, *qʰoːn
爟 *koːns
雚 *koːns
罐 *koːns
鑵 *koːns
歡 *qʰoːn
驩 *qʰoːn
貛 *qʰoːn
酄 *qʰoːn
獾 *qʰoːn
讙 *qʰoːn, *qʰon
嚾 *qʰoːns
權 *ɡron
顴 *ɡron
孉 *ɡron
蠸 *ɡron
虇 *kʰonʔ, *kʰons
勸 *kʰons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːn, *koːns) : phonetic 雚 (OC *koːns) + semantic 見 (“see”).

Etymology

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“To watch; to observe” (Pronunciation 1) > “watchtower; platform; temple” (Pronunciation 2).

Schuessler (2007) connects it with 侯 (OC *ɡoː, “target”) and 候 (OC *ɡoːs, “to watch; to be on the lookout for; to wait”).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • guang1 - Shantou;
  • guêng1 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 觀
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古丸切
Baxter kwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kuɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kuɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kwan/
Li
Rong 		/kuɑn/
Wang
Li 		/kuɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		guān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gun1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 觀
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		guān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kwan ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.qʷˁar/
English look (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 觀
Reading # 1/2
No. 4476
Phonetic
component 		雚
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		官
Old
Chinese 		/*koːn/

Definitions

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觀

  1. to observe; to watch; to view; to see
  2. to observe closely; to scrutinise; to investigate
  3. to read; to peruse
  4. to display; to show
  5. to visit; to go sightseeing
  6. to play; to enjoy
  7. appearance; looks
  8. sight; view; perspective
  9. concept; outlook
  10. a surname
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 看 (“to look”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 視, 見, 看
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 看
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 看, 瞧, 瞅
Taiwan 看
Harbin 看, 瞧
Malaysia 看
Singapore 看
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 看
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 看
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 看
Xi'an 看
Xining 看
Xuzhou 看, 望
Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 看
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 看, 𧢭
Wuhan 看, 睄, 瞄
Guiyang 看, 望
Guilin 看
Liuzhou 看
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 看, 瞧
Yangzhou 看, 望, 瞧
Hefei 看, 望
Cantonese Guangzhou 睇, 望
Hong Kong 睇, 望
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 睇
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 睇
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 睇
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 睇
Macau 睇
Macau (Tanka) 睇
Guangzhou (Panyu) 睇
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 睇
Guangzhou (Conghua) 睇
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 睇
Foshan 睇
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 睇
Foshan (Shunde) 睇
Foshan (Sanshui) 睇
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 睇
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 看
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 睇
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 睇
Zhuhai (Doumen) 睇
Jiangmen (Baisha) 睇
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 睇
Taishan 睇, 望
Kaiping (Chikan) 睇
Enping (Niujiang) 睇
Heshan (Yayao) 睇
Dongguan 睇
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 睇
Qingyuan 睇
Fogang 睇
Yingde (Hanguang) 睇
Yangshan 望
Lianshan (Butian) 看
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 望
Shaoguan 睇
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 睇
Renhua 睇
Lechang 睇
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 睇
Sihui 睇
Guangning 睇
Deqing 睇
Huaiji 望
Yunfu 睇
Xinxing 睇
Luoding 睇
Yunan (Pingtai) 睇
Yangjiang 看, 睇, 瞄
Xinyi 睇
Maoming (Xinpo) 睇
Lianjiang 睇
Nanning 睇
Nanning (Tanka) 睇, 望
Wuzhou 睇
Yulin 睇
Hepu (Lianzhou) 看
Guiping 睇
Mengshan (Xihe) 看
Guigang (Nanjiang) 睇
Beiliu (Tangliao) 睇
Baise 睇
Bobai 睇
Lingshan 看
Pubei 睇
Qinzhou 睇
Qinzhou (Changtan) 瞭, 瞫
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 看
Beihai 睇
Beihai (Yingpan) 看
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 睇
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 睇
Ningming 睇
Hengzhou 睇
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 睇
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 睇
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 睇
Penang (Guangfu) 睇
Singapore (Guangfu) 睇
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 睇
Móng Cái 睇
Gan Nanchang 看, 相, 望
Lichuan 看
Pingxiang 看
Hakka Meixian 看, 睞
Xingning 看
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 睇
Huiyang 看
Huidong (Daling) 看
Dongguan (Qingxi) 看
Boluo (Bendihua) 睇
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 看
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 看
Heyuan (Bendihua) 睇
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 睇
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 睇
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 看, 睇
Wengyuan 看
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 看
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 看
Liannan 看
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 看
Jiexi 看
Luhe 看
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 䀴
Changting 䀴, 望
Wuping 看
Wuping (Yanqian) 看
Wuping (Pingyu) 看
Liancheng 䀴
Ninghua 䀴
Yudu 看, 望
Ningdu 看
Ruijin 看
Shicheng 看
Shangyou (Shexi) 看
Tonggu (Sandu) 看
Ganzhou (Panlong) 看
Dayu 看
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 看
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 看
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 看, 䀴
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 看, 䀴
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 䀴
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 䀴
Hong Kong 看
Yangxi (Tangkou) 看
Yangchun (Sanjia) 睇
Xinyi (Sihe) 睇
Xinyi (Qianpai) 睇, 看
Gaozhou (Xindong) 睇
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 睇, 看
Huazhou (Xin'an) 看
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 看
Lianjiang (Qingping) 看
Mengshan (Xihe) 看
Luchuan 看
Senai (Huiyang) 看
Kuching (Hepo) 看
Singapore (Dabu) 看
Huizhou Jixi 看, 望
Jin Taiyuan 看, 瞭
Xinzhou 看
Northern Min Jian'ou 覷
Jian'ou (Dikou) 覷
Songxi 䁐
Zhenghe 覷
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 覷
Jianyang 覷
Wuyishan 覷
Pucheng (Shibei) 覷
Eastern Min Fuzhou 看, 覷
Fuzhou (Changle) 覷
Lianjiang 覷
Fuqing 覷
Pingtan 覷
Yongtai 覷
Minqing 覷
Gutian 覷
Pingnan 看
Luoyuan 看
Fu'an 睨
Ningde 看
Xiapu 看
Zherong 看
Shouning 望
Zhouning 睨
Fuding 看
Matsu 看
Sitiawan (Gutian) 看
Southern Min Xiamen 看
Xiamen (Tong'an) 看
Quanzhou 看
Jinjiang 看
Nan'an 看
Shishi 看
Hui'an 看
Anxi 看
Yongchun 看
Dehua 看
Zhangzhou 看
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 看
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 看
Hua'an 看
Nanjing 看
Pinghe 看
Zhangpu 看
Yunxiao 看
Zhao'an 看, 睇
Dongshan 看
Taipei 看
New Taipei (Sanxia) 看
Kaohsiung 看
Tainan 看
Kinmen 看
Penghu (Magong) 看
Penang (Hokkien) 看
Singapore (Hokkien) 看
Manila (Hokkien) 看
Medan (Hokkien) 看
Longyan 䁐
Zhangping 看
Zhangping (Yongfu) 看
Datian 看
Pingnan (Shangdu) 看
Guilin (Biyange) 看
Chaozhou 睇
Raoping 睇
Shantou 睇
Shantou (Chenghai) 睇
Shantou (Chaoyang) 睇
Jieyang 睇
Lufeng 睇
Haifeng 睇
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 睇
Singapore (Teochew) 睇
Pontianak (Teochew) 睇
Leizhou 䁐, 𥆑
Wenchang 望, 䁐
Haikou 望, 䁐
Qionghai 望
Singapore (Hainanese) 望
Puxian Min Putian 看
Xianyou 看
Central Min Yong'an 䁐
Sanming (Sanyuan) 䁐
Sanming (Shaxian) 䁐
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 望, 覷
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 睇
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 看
Shehua Fu'an 睇
Fuding 睇
Luoyuan 睇
Sanming 睇
Shunchang 睇
Hua'an 睇
Guixi (Zhangping) 睇
Cangnan 睇
Jingning (Hexi) 睇
Lishui 睇
Longyou 睇
Chaozhou 睇
Fengshun 睇
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 望
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 望
Luxi (Baisha) 望
Wu Shanghai 看
Shanghai (Chongming) 看
Suzhou 看
Wuxi 看
Danyang 看, 望
Hangzhou 看
Ningbo 看, 相
Wenzhou 眙, 張
Lishui 望
Jinhua 望
Xiang Changsha 看
Loudi 相
Shuangfeng 看, 相

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • gua4/guaⁿ4 - vernacular;
  • guang4/guong4 - literary.
Note:
  • koàn - literary;
  • kòaⁿ - vernacular.
Note:
  • guang3 - Shantou;
  • guêng3 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 觀
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古玩切
Baxter kwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kuɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kuɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kwanH/
Li
Rong 		/kuɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/kuɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kuɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		guàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gun3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 觀 觀
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		guàn guàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kwanH › ‹ kwanH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.qʷˁar-s/ /*C.qʷˁar-s/
English watchtower 榮觀 imperial palace; walls and watchtowers

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 觀
Reading # 2/2
No. 4477
Phonetic
component 		雚
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		貫
Old
Chinese 		/*koːns/

Definitions

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觀

  1. (historical) watchtower on either side of a palace gate
  2. (historical) platform; stage; dais; rostrum
  3. (Taoism) Taoist temple
  4. 20th hexagram of the I Ching
  5. a surname

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

観

Kyūjitai

觀

Kanji

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觀

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 観)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 観 (to see, observe; appearance)

Readings

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  • Go-on: かん (kan)←くわん (kwan, historical)
  • Kan-on: かん (kan)←くわん (kwan, historical)
  • Kun: みる (miru, 觀る)

Korean

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Etymology

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“to see; etc.”
From Middle Chinese 觀 (MC kwan). Recorded as Middle Korean 관 (kwan)訓 (Yale: kwan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
“Taoist temple”
From Middle Chinese 觀 (MC kwanH). Recorded as Middle Korean 관〮 (kwán)訓 (Yale: kwán) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

觀 (eumhun 볼 관 (bol gwan))

  1. hanja form? of 관 (“to see; to observe; to view”)
  2. hanja form? of 관 (“appearance; looks”)
  3. hanja form? of 관 (“sight; view; perspective”)
  4. hanja form? of 관 (“Taoist temple”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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觀: Hán Nôm readings: quan, quán

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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