蚊
See also: 螡
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]蚊 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中戈卜大 (LIYK), four-corner 50140, composition ⿰虫文)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1077, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32849
- Dae Jaweon: page 1546, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2840, character 8
- Unihan data for U+868A
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯn) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn).
Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
蚊 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
From Proto-Mon-Khmer *muujs with a nominal suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Khmer មូស (muuh), Vietnamese muỗi.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wen2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): un4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): veng1
- Northern Min (KCR): mǒ̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): muòng / ùng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6men
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): men1 / un2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wún
- Wade–Giles: wên2
- Yale: wén
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wen
- Palladius: вэнь (vɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wən³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: wen2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
- Sinological IPA (key): /uən²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: man4-1 / man4
- Yale: mān / màhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: man4-1 / man4
- Guangdong Romanization: men4-1 / men4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɐn²¹⁻⁵⁵/, /mɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: man4 - literary, rare.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: mun4* / mun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbun²¹⁻²¹⁵/, /ᵐbun²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
Note:
- mun4* - standalone word;
- mun4 - in compounds.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: un4
- Sinological IPA (key): /un³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mûn
- Hakka Romanization System: munˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: mun1
- Sinological IPA: /mun²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: veng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /vəŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǒ̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: muòng / ùng
- Sinological IPA (key): /muoŋ⁵³/, /uŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- muòng - vernacular (used in 風蚊);
- ùng - literary.
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: men1 / un2
- Sinological IPA (key): /mən³³/, /u̯ən¹³/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- men1 - vernacular;
- un2 - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: mjun
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.mə[r]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mɯn/
Definitions
[edit]蚊
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
蚊 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 文 緡／缗 | |
From 文 (man4, “classifier for copper coins”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: man4-1
- Yale: mān
- Cantonese Pinyin: man4-1
- Guangdong Romanization: men4-1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɐn²¹⁻⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: mun2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbun⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]蚊
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
蚊 | |
|---|---|---|
Cognate to Taishanese (and other Siyi dialects) 民 (min2), as in 細民仔／细民仔.
Schuessler (2007) suggests that it may come from the same etymon that gives 便 (OC *ben) as in 便嬖 (OC *ben peːɡs), which he relates to Proto-Kam-Sui *mpaːn¹ (“male (person)”) and Proto-Hlai *C-maːn (“male (person)”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: man1
- Yale: mān
- Cantonese Pinyin: man1
- Guangdong Romanization: men1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɐn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]蚊
- (Cantonese) Used in terms for people.
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “蚊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]蚊
Readings
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蚊 |
| か Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Possibly related to 噛む (kamu, “to bite”) or 痒い (kayui, “itchy”), although the ultimate derivation remains unknown.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- mosquito
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 161:
- 蚊蟻 上可 下音疑 訓安利乃古
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蚊 |
| かあ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Cognate with 蚊 (ka). Likely pronounced long due to being a single mora. Elongation of single mora words is still seen in the Ōsaka dialect with words like teː "hand" from te. The 794 quotation is the oldest extant example of a long vowel in Japanese.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- mosquito
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 104:
- 蚊蝄䖟蜺 [...] 上二字加安下二字阿牟
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi, page 3 (back):
- 蚊 加阿
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.
- Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1079) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 12: Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN.
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]蚊 (eum 문 (mun))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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