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糞

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 粪
糞 U+7CDE, 糞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDE
← 糝
[U+7CDD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 糟 →
[U+7CDF]

Translingual

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Han character

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糞 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 90801, composition ⿱米異)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3158, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+7CDE

Chinese

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trad. 糞
simp. 粪
alternative forms
𨤝
𥻔
𥽒
𨤘
𥻰
𨤝
𥻔
𥽒
𨤘
𥻰
𥻪
𡐢
𥼇
𥼈
𥹻
𢍨
𥻎
𤲲
𡊅 partial
𡊄 partial
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 糞
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (糞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
糞 *pɯns
瀵 *pɯns, *pʰɯns

Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu).

Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.

The current glyph is from the small seal script.

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • pùn - vernacular;
  • hùn - literary.
Rime
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方問切
Baxter pjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/piunH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/punH/
Li
Rong 		/piuənH/
Wang
Li 		/pĭuənH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjunH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*p[u]r-s/
English manure, dirt

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
No. 3197
Phonetic
component 		糞
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		糞
Old
Chinese 		/*pɯns/

Definitions

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糞

  1. excrement; faeces; dung
  2. manure
  3. (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to
  4. (literary, or in compounds) to clear away

Synonyms

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  • (excrement):
Dialectal synonyms of 屎 (“faeces”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 糞, 屎, 糞便, 大便, 大恭
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 屎, 大外, 㞎㞎 childish
Taiwan 大便, 屎
Harbin 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Malaysia 屎, 大便
Singapore 屎, 大便
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 屎, 大糞, 㞎㞎 childish
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 屎
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 屎, 屎㞎㞎 childish
Wanrong 屎
Xi'an 屎
Xining 大便
Xuzhou 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 屎
Lanzhou 屎
Ürümqi 屎
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 屎, 屎㞎衣兒, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎㞎 childish
Wuhan 㞎㞎, 屎, 大糞, 糞, 糟兒 slang, 米田共 argot
Guiyang 屎, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎兒 childish
Liuzhou 屎, 癟, 大便
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 屎
Yangzhou 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Cantonese Guangzhou 屎, 茄
Hong Kong 屎, 茄, 大便, 米田共 slang, 便便 childish, 唔唔 childish, 臭臭 childish, 坺坺 childish
Macau 屎
Zhuhai (Doumen) 屎, 茄
Dongguan 屎
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屎
Penang (Guangfu) 屎
Singapore (Guangfu) 屎
Gan Nanchang 屎
Lichuan 屎
Pingxiang 屎
Hakka Meixian 屎, 大糞
Yudu 屎
Kuching (Hepo) 屎
Huizhou Jixi 屎, 練 childish
Jin Taiyuan 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Northern Min Jian'ou 屎
Eastern Min Fuzhou 屎
Southern Min Xiamen 屎
Quanzhou 屎
Zhangzhou 屎
Tainan 屎, 大便 GT
Penang (Hokkien) 屎
Singapore (Hokkien) 屎
Manila (Hokkien) 屎
Chaozhou 屎
Singapore (Teochew) 屎
Leizhou 屎
Haikou 屎
Singapore (Hainanese) 屎
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屎
Wu Shanghai 惡, 大解 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 惡
Suzhou 惡
Danyang 屎
Hangzhou 惡
Ningbo 惡
Wenzhou 惡
Jinhua 惡
Xiang Changsha 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Loudi 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Hengyang 㞎㞎 childish
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
  • (to apply manure to):

See also

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Vietnamese: phân

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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糞

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: ふん (fun)
  • Kan-on: ふん (fun)
  • Kun: くそ (kuso, 糞)、ばば (baba, 糞)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
糞
くそ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
屎

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *kuso.

Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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糞(くそ) • (kuso) 

  1. (colloquial) feces, excrement
  2. (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash
    このノートパソコンはクソだ！
    Kono nōto pasokon wa kuso da!
    This laptop is shit!
Derived terms
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Derived terms
Idioms
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Interjection

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糞(くそ) • (kuso) 

  1. (often vulgar) shit, crap
    クソ！玄(げん)関(かん)の鍵(かぎ)をかけ忘(わす)れた！
    Kuso! Genkan no kagi o kake-wasureta!
    Shit! I forgot to lock the front door!
Usage notes
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  • This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

Prefix

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糞(くそ) • (kuso-) 

  1. (derogatory) pejorative prefix
    糞(くそ)爺(じじ)い
    kusojijī
    damn geezer

Suffix

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糞(くそ) • (-kuso) 

  1. crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.
    下手(へた)糞(くそ)
    hetakuso
    crappy (bad at something), to be shit at doing something
    襤褸(ぼろ)糞(くそ)
    borokuso
    broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
糞
ふん
Hyōgai
on'yomi

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 糞 (MC pjunH).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun) 

  1. droppings, dung
    ふれあい動(どう)物(ぶつ)園(えん)のモルモットが受(う)けるストレスを糞(ふん)中(ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって推(すい)定(てい)する試(こころ)み
    fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi
    Non-invasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display
Usage notes
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  • This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
  • This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
糞
ばば
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
屎

Appears to derive from baby talk.[1][2] Compare English poopoo and Mandarin 㞎㞎 (bǎba).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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糞(ばば) • (baba) 

  1. (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
  2. (childish) something unclean
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun))

  1. hanja form? of 분 (“dung”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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糞: Hán Nôm readings: phẩn, phân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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