曠日持久

Chinese

		for many days; wasting many days	long-lasting; lasting; long-term long-lasting; lasting; long-term; enduring; protracted; extended
trad. (曠日持久)		曠日	持久
simp. (旷日持久)		旷日	持久

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuàngrìchíjiǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄖˋ ㄔˊ ㄐㄧㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong³ jat⁶ ci⁴ gau²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuàngrìchíjiǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄖˋ ㄔˊ ㄐㄧㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuàngrìhchíhjiǒu
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuang⁴-jih⁴-chʻih²-chiu³
    • Yale: kwàng-r̀-chŕ-jyǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuanqryhchyrjeou
    • Palladius: куанжичицзю (kuanžičiczju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwong³ jat⁶ ci⁴ gau²
    • Yale: kwong yaht chìh gáu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwong³ jat⁹ tsi⁴ gau²
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuong³ yed⁶ qi⁴ geo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɔːŋ³³ jɐt̚² t͡sʰiː²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: khwangH nyit dri kjuwX

Rime
Character	曠	日	持	久
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	日 (38)	澄 (11)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)	質 (48)	之 (19)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III	III
Fanqie	苦謗切	人質切	直之切	舉有切
Baxter	khwangH	nyit	dri	kjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰwɑŋH/	/ȵiɪt̚/	/ɖɨ/	/kɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷɑŋH/	/ȵit̚/	/ɖɨ/	/kiuX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɑŋH/	/ȵʑjet̚/	/ȡie/	/kiəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwaŋH/	/ȵit̚/	/ɖɨ/	/kuwX/
Li Rong	/kʰuɑŋH/	/ȵiĕt̚/	/ȡiə/	/kiuX/
Wang Li	/kʰuɑŋH/	/ȵʑĭĕt̚/	/ȡĭə/	/kĭəuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰwɑŋH/	/ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/	/ȡʱi/	/ki̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuàng	rì	chí	jiǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong3	jat6	ci4	gau2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-m̥]ˤaŋ-s  C.nik  [d]rə  [k]ʷəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷaːŋs  njiɡ  l'ɯ  kʷlɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曠	日	持	久
Reading #	1/2	1/1	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuàng	rì	chí	jiǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ khwangH ›	‹ nyit ›	‹ dri ›	‹ kjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k-m̥]ˁaŋ-s/	/*C.nik/	/*[d]rə/	/*[k]ʷəʔ/
English	desolate, waste	sun; day	grasp, hold	a long time
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曠	日	持	久
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1	1/1
No.	5373	10845	12031	6969
Phonetic component	黄	日	寺	久
Rime group	陽	質	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	2	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	曠	日	治	久
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷaːŋs/	/*njiɡ/	/*l'ɯ/	/*kʷlɯʔ/

Idiom

曠日持久

1. long-drawn-out; protracted

   • 有好獵者，曠日持久而不得獸。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     有好猎者，旷日持久而不得兽。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE

     Yǒu hào liè zhě, kuàngrìchíjiǔ ér bùdé shòu. [Pinyin]

     There was a man fond of hunting who was not able to catch game for a long time.