憂

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See also: 忧
憂 U+6182, 憂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6182
← 憁
[U+6181] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 憃 →
[U+6183]

Translingual

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Han character

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憂 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一月心竹水 (MBPHE), four-corner 10247, composition ⿱㥑夂(GJKV) or ⿱㥑夊(HT))

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 401, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11170
  • Dae Jaweon: page 741, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2341, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+6182

Chinese

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trad. 憂/懮
simp. 忧*
alternative forms
懮
㥑
𢝊
𢟜
𢚧
懮
㥑
𢝊
𢟜
𢚧
𠮕
𨗫
𩕂
𠪍
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 憂
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (憂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
憂 *qu
優 *qu
瀀 *qu
櫌 *qu
鄾 *qu
嚘 *qu
耰 *qu
獶 *qu
纋 *qu
懮 *quʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qu) : phonetic 㥑 () + semantic 夊.

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 憂
Mandarin Beijing /iou⁵⁵/
Harbin /iou⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iou²¹/
Jinan /iou²¹³/
Qingdao /iou²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iou²⁴/
Xi'an /iou²¹/
Xining /iɯ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iəu⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iou³¹/
Ürümqi /iɤu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iəu⁵⁵/
Chengdu /iəu⁵⁵/
Guiyang /iəu⁵⁵/
Kunming /iəu⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iəɯ³¹/
Hefei /iɯ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəu¹¹/
Pingyao /iəu¹³/
Hohhot /iəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iɤ⁵³/
Suzhou /iɤ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiø³³/
Wenzhou /j̠au³³/
Hui Shexian /iu³¹/
Tunxi /iu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /iəu³³/
Xiangtan /iəɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /iu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /iu¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒiu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐu⁵³/
Nanning /jɐu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐu⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iu⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ieu⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iu⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /iu³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /iu²³/
Rime
Character 憂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於求切
Baxter 'juw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔuw/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiu/
Wang
Li 		/ĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yōu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 憂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yōu
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔ(r)u/
English grief, grieved

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 憂
Reading # 1/1
No. 15493
Phonetic
component 		憂
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		憂
Old
Chinese 		/*qu/

Definitions

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憂

  1. sad; grieved
  2. grief; melancholy

Compounds

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References

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  • “憂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “忧”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 288.

Japanese

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Kanji

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憂

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. anxiety, worry
  2. mourning

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
憂
う
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Stem of classical adjective 憂し (ushi),[1][2] modern 憂い (ui, “gloomy, sad”).

Noun

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憂(う) • (u) 

  1. grief, pain, sorrow

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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憂 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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憂: Hán Nôm readings: ưu, âu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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