娑

娑 U+5A11, 娑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A11 ← 娐 [U+5A10] CJK Unified Ideographs 娒 → [U+5A12]

Translingual

Han character

娑 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水竹女 (EHV), four-corner 3940₄, composition ⿱沙女)

Derived characters

• 𭢃, 𨪍, 𣯢, 𣯌, 䓾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 262, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6294
• Dae Jaweon: page 528, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1054, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5A11

Chinese

trad.		娑
simp. #		娑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (沙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
硰	*ʔsaːlʔ, *sʰaːlʔ, *sraːl
娑	*saːl, *saːlʔ
挱	*saːl, *sraːl
挲	*saːl
桫	*saːl
渻	*saːl, *sreŋʔ, *seŋʔ
沙	*sraːl, *sraːls
紗	*sraːl
砂	*sraːl
鯊	*sraːl
裟	*sraːl
桬	*sraːl
髿	*sraːl, *soːl
魦	*sraːl, *soːl
莎	*soːl
莏	*soːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *saːl, *saːlʔ) : phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) + semantic 女 (“woman”).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): suō (suo¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): so¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): sŏ̤
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): so¹ / sa¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: suō
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: suo
    • Wade–Giles: so¹
    • Yale: swō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suo
    • Palladius: со (so)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯ɔ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: so¹
    • Yale: sō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: so¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: so¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔː⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sŏ̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /so⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: so¹ / sa¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /so³³/, /sa̠³³/

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• Middle Chinese: sa, saX

Rime
Character	娑	娑
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	素何切	蘇可切
Baxter	sa	saX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑ/	/sɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑ/	/sɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑ/	/sɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sa/	/saX/
Li Rong	/sɑ/	/sɑX/
Wang Li	/sɑ/	/sɑX/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑ/	/sɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suō	suǒ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	so1	so2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤa[j]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*saːl/, /*saːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	娑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	suō
Middle Chinese	‹ sa ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ˁa[j]/
English	婆娑 saunter, dance
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	娑	娑
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11019	11024
Phonetic component	沙	沙
Rime group	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	娑	縒
Old Chinese	/*saːl/	/*saːlʔ/

Definitions

娑

1. Used in 婆娑 (pósuō) and 娑娑.
2. Used in transcription.

Usage notes

In transcriptions of Buddhist terms, 娑 (MC sa|saX) is often used to transcribe Sanskrit स (sa).

Compounds

• 娑娑
• 娑婆 (suōpó)
• 娑婆世界 (Suōpó shìjiè)
• 娑羅／娑罗 (suōluó)
• 娑羅樹／娑罗树 (suōluóshù)
• 娑羅雙樹／娑罗双树
• 婆娑 (pósuō)
• 婆娑起舞
• 婆那娑
• 摩娑
• 老子婆娑
• 邏娑／逻娑 (Luósuō)

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Eastern Min (BUC): sŏ̤

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• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sŏ̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /so⁵⁵/

Definitions

娑 (Eastern Min)

1. (Eastern Min) cooling sensation (caused by e.g. mint)
2. (Eastern Min, weather) chilly

   Synonym: 涼颼颼／凉飕飕 (liángsōusōu)

3. (Eastern Min) of a sharp painful sensation

   乞刺麻带咬𡅏會做娑娑著 [Eastern Min, trad.]
   乞刺麻带咬𡅏会做娑娑著 [Eastern Min, simp.]

   Being stung by caterpillars can be very painful.

References

• 冯爱珍 [Feng, Aizhen], editor (1998), “娑”, in 福州方言词典 (in Chinese), Nanjing: 江苏教育出版社 (Jiangsu Educational Press), →ISBN.

Japanese

Kanji

娑

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. old woman

Readings

• Go-on: さ (sa)
• Kan-on: さ (sa)
• Kan’yō-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kun: まう (mau, 娑う)

Korean

Hanja

娑 (eum 사 (sa))

1. dance, frolic
2. lounge
3. saunter

Vietnamese

Han character

娑: Hán Nôm readings: sa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation