夬

夬 U+592C, 夬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592C ← 夫 [U+592B] CJK Unified Ideographs 夭 → [U+592D]

Translingual

Han character

夬 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 木大 (DK), four-corner 5003₇, composition ⿻𠃍大 or ⿻ユ人)

1. parted
2. fork
3. certain
4. 43rd hexagram of the I Ching

Derived characters

• 决, 抉, 訣 (诀), 缺 (蒛), 袂, 玦, 䏐, 赽, 趹, 蚗, 駃 (𫘝), 觖, 芵, 鴃, 鈌, 鴂, 妜, 砄, 刔, 疦, 㭈, 炔, 快, 㹟, 䦼, 吷, 块, 決, 快, 𢁪, 𢎹, 𨑣, 䀗, 䆕, 𤰮, 𤱉, 𥁍, 𥝭, 𫛞, 䊽, 𠜵, 𧖫, 䦑, 𡙇, 䫼, 𦑗, 𡙖, 𡥹, 𤱾, 𨾕, 𩂃, 𩚟, 𪩺

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5836
• Dae Jaweon: page 507, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 51, character 11
• Unihan data for U+592C

Chinese

trad.		夬
simp. #		夬
alternative forms		叏

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 夬
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (夬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
袂	*mɡʷeds
夬	*kʷraːds
快	*kʰʷraːds
駃	*kʰʷraːds, *kʷeːd
筷	*kʰʷraːds
炔	*kʷeːds
觖	*kʰʷeds, *kʷeːd
缺	*kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd
蒛	*kʰʷed
吷	*qʰʷed
妜	*qʷed, *qʷeːd
決	*kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd
訣	*kʷeːd
抉	*kʷeːd, *qʷeːd
玦	*kʷeːd
芵	*kʷeːd
赽	*kʷeːd
鴂	*kʷeːd
鈌	*kʷeːd
决	*kʷeːd
疦	*kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd
蚗	*kʷeːd
趹	*kʷeːd

Pictogram (象形) — a hand wearing an archer's thumb ring (Li Xueqing, 2012).

Etymology 1

Hexagram 43, formed of ☱ over ☰

Possibly related to Burmese ကွဲ (kwai:, “to be separated, burst”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guài (guai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaai² / gwaai³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koái / koat

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guài
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guài
    • Wade–Giles: kuai⁴
    • Yale: gwài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guay
    • Palladius: гуай (guaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gwaai² / gwaai³
    • Yale: gwáai / gwaai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwaai² / gwaai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: guai² / guai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷaːi̯³⁵/, /kʷaːi̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koái / koat
    • Tâi-lô: kuái / kuat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koae, koad
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuai⁵³/, /kuat̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuai⁵⁵⁴/, /kuat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuai⁵³/, /kuat̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuai⁵³/, /kuat̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuai⁴¹/, /kuat̚³²/

---

• Middle Chinese: kwaejH

Rime
Character	夬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	夬 (30)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古賣切
Baxter	kwaejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠuaiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚaiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kuaiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaɨjsH/
Li Rong	/kuaiH/
Wang Li	/kwæiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwaiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwaai3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷˤret-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷraːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	夬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guài
Middle Chinese	‹ kwæjH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷˁret-s/
English	divide, make a breach
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	夬
Reading #	1/1
No.	4406
Phonetic component	夬
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	卦
Old Chinese	/*kʷraːds/
Notes	本抉指初文

Definitions

夬

1. resolute
2. 43rd hexagram of the I Ching

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 夬 – see 決 (“to dredge; to dig; to burst; to break; to breach; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 決).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 夬 – see 缺 (“incomplete; uncompleted; deficient; imperfect; flawed; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 缺).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

夬

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)、けち (kechi)
• Kan-on: かい (kai)、けつ (ketsu)
• Kun: わける (wakeru, 夬ける)、きめる (kimeru)、ゆがけ (yugake)

Korean

Hanja

夬 • (kwae) (hangeul 쾌, revised kwae, McCune–Reischauer k'wae)

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Vietnamese

Han character

夬: Hán Nôm readings: quái

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation