ղ

See also: դ, Ղ, η, Ⴂ, ή, and ɳ

ղ	U+0572, ղ ARMENIAN SMALL LETTER GHAD

← ձ
[U+0571]

Armenian

ճ →
[U+0573]

Armenian

Pronunciation

(Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ʁə/, [ʁə]
(Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /ʁə/, [ʁə]
Audio: (file)

Letter

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ղ

ղ lowercase (uppercase Ղ)

The 18th letter of Armenian alphabet, called ղատ (ġat).
Represents:
velarized alveolar lateral approximant: [ɫ] in Old Armenian. Transliterated as ł.

voiced uvular fricative: [ʁ] in Eastern Armenian. Transliterated as ġ.

voiced uvular fricative: [ʁ] in Western Armenian. Transliterated as ġ.

Usage notes

The pronunciation of this letter has changed considerably since classical Old Armenian. The oldest pronunciation was an l-like sound (hear it). Hence the spellings like Պաղեստին (Pałestin), Ղուկաս (Łukas), մետաղ (metał). It turned into [ʁ] (hear it) around the 10-11th centuries.

References

Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009) Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian (London Oriental and African Language Library; 14), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, § 1.1.2.2, page 18

Ottoman Turkish

Letter

ղ • (ğ)

A letter of the Armeno-Turkish script, named ղատ (ğad). Represents voiced velar plosive: [ɡ]. Transliterated as ġ.

Usage notes

This letter represents both /ɡ/ and /ɰ/, with the latter realization appearing after a vowel. For example, the word garip is written ղարիպ (ğarib), paralleling Perso-Arabic غریب (ġarib). Only used before a back vowel; i.e., before one of ա (a), ը (ı), օ (o), ու (u).