īstens

Latvian

Etymology

Apparently from īsts (“true, real”) +‎ -ens. Compare Russian и́стина (ístina, “truth”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [īːstɛns]

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Adjective

īstens (definite īstenais, comparative īstenāks, superlative visīstenākais, adverb īsteni)

real, true, genuine
mājas īstenais saimnieks ― the true, real owner of the house

ģimenes īstenais apgādnieks ― the family's true, real provider

visās zemēs īstenie dzimtenes patrioti vienmēr bijuši un ir darbaļaudis ― the real patriots in all lands are and have always been the workers

īstens, patiess un vērtīgs būs tikai tas darbs, kas attēlo dziļāko patiesību ― real, true and valuable is only the work that represents the deepest truth
true, correct
atrast īsteno atbildi ― to find the true answer
(of members of a society) full
akadēmijas īstenais loceklis ― full member of the academy (the highest, most honorable form of membership)

Usage notes

In most cases, īsts and īstens are interchangeable, with īsts being usually the preferred, more modern term. One exception, though, is akadēmijas īstenais loceklis, where īsts is not used.

Declension

indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of īstens

	masculine (vīriešu dzimte)		feminine (sieviešu dzimte)
	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	īstens	īsteni	īstena	īstenas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	īstenu	īstenus	īstenu	īstenas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	īstena	īstenu	īstenas	īstenu
dative (datīvs)	īstenam	īsteniem	īstenai	īstenām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	īstenu	īsteniem	īstenu	īstenām
locative (lokatīvs)	īstenā	īstenos	īstenā	īstenās
vocative (vokatīvs)	—	—	—	—

Synonyms

īsts
(of "corresponding to certain ideals"): patiess, skaidrs, tīrs
(of "not imaginary"): reāls

Derived terms

īstenība