ker: difference between revisions

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Browse history interactively
← Go to previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m clean up Northern Kurdish lemmas (manually assisted)
m convert {{is-decl-noun-n-s|k|e|r|j=?}} to {{is-ndecl|n.j}}; convert {{is-noun/old|n|kers|ker}} to {{is-noun|n.j}}
 
(39 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{also|Ker|kér|kêr|kër|keř|kær|ķer|ker.|ker-}}
{{also|Appendix:Variations of "ker"}}
==Translingual==
==Translingual==


Line 6: Line 6:


# {{lb|mul|mathematics|algebra}} {{l|en|kernel}}
# {{lb|mul|mathematics|algebra}} {{l|en|kernel}}

----


==Abinomn==
==Abinomn==
Line 15: Line 13:


# {{lb|bsa|anatomy}} [[thigh]]
# {{lb|bsa|anatomy}} [[thigh]]

----


==Cornish==
==Cornish==
Line 24: Line 20:


# {{hard mutation of|kw|ger}}
# {{hard mutation of|kw|ger}}

----


==Czech==
==Czech==


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cs|/kɛr/}}
* {{cs-IPA}}
* {{rhymes|cs|ɛr}}
* {{rhymes|cs|ɛr|s=1}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{head|cs|noun form}}
{{head|cs|noun form}}


# {{inflection of|cs|kra||gen|p}}
# {{infl of|cs|kra||gen|p}}


==Gagauz==
----

===Etymology===
Cognate to {{cog|tr|gerçek}}.

===Adverb===
{{head|gag|adverb}}

# [[really]]
# [[if]]

====References====
* {{R:gag:trBaskakov|page=144}}

==German==

===Etymology===
From {{m|de|Kerl|t=bloke, guy, man}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/keːr/|[keːɐ̯]|[kɛɐ̯]}}
* {{homophones|de|kehr}}

===Interjection===
{{head|de|interjection}}

# {{lb|de|colloquial|regional|Ruhrgebiet|Münsterland}} [[man]]!, [[Jesus]]! {{gloss|general-purpose intensifier, especially expresses frustration}}
#: {{ux|de|'''Ker''', ich raste bald aus!|'''Man''', I’m really losing it now!}}


==Hittite==
==Hittite==
Line 46: Line 67:


# {{hit-broad transcription of|𒆠𒅕}}
# {{hit-broad transcription of|𒆠𒅕}}

----


==Icelandic==
==Icelandic==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{der|is|non|ker}}, from {{der|is|gem-pro|*kazą}}.
From {{der|is|non|ker}}, from {{der|is|gem-pro|*kazą}}. Doublet of {{m|is|kar}}, which was borrowed from Danish.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|is|/cʰɛːr/}}
* {{IPA|is|/cʰɛːr/}}
* {{rhymes|is|ɛːr}}
* {{rhymes|is|ɛːr|s=1}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{is-noun|n|kers|ker}}
{{is-noun|n.j}}


# [[tub]], [[vat]]
# [[tub]], [[vat]]
Line 65: Line 84:


====Declension====
====Declension====
{{is-decl-noun-n-s|k|e|r|j=?}}
{{is-ndecl|n.j}}


====Synonyms====
====Synonyms====
Line 74: Line 93:
* {{l|is|leirker}}
* {{l|is|leirker}}


==Lolopo==
----

===Etymology===
From {{inh|ycl|tbq-lol-pro|*ko²}} (Bradley), from {{inh|ycl|sit-pro|-}}. Cognate with {{cog|ii|ꈐ}}, {{cog|my|ခိုး}}, {{cog|nxq|kv||to steal}}, {{cog|duu|keu||to steal}}, {{cog|zh|-}} {{och-l|寇|tr={{IPAfont|*[k]ʰˤ(r)o-s}}}} (B-S), {{cog|bo|རྐུ}}, {{cog|ybh|खुमा|tr=khuma||to steal}}, Cholim {{cog|nst|guh||to steal}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ycl|[kʰɯ²¹]}}

===Verb===
{{ycl-verb}}

# {{lb|ycl|Yao'an}} to [[steal]]


==Northern Kurdish==
==Northern Kurdish==


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{kmr-IPA}}
* {{kmr-IPA|kʰɜɾ}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{kmr-noun|m}}
{{kmr-noun|m}}


# [[mule]]
# [[donkey]]


==Old French==
----

===Noun===
{{fro-noun|m}}

# {{lb|fro|Old Northern French}} {{alter|fro|chier}}


==Old Norse==
==Old Norse==
Line 97: Line 132:


# [[tub]], [[vessel]], [[goblet]]
# [[tub]], [[vessel]], [[goblet]]

====Descendants====
* {{desc|is|ker}}
* {{desc|fo|ker}}
* {{desc|nn|kjer}}
* {{desc|nb|kjer}}
* {{desc|gmq-osw|kar}}
** {{desc|sv|kar}}
* {{desc|gmq-oda|kar}}
** {{desc|da|kar}}
*** {{desc|nb|kar}}
*** {{desc|is|kar|bor=1}}
*** {{desc|fo|kar|bor=1}}
*** {{desc|nn|kar|bor=1}} <!--
* {{desc|gmq-bot|kjar}}-->


===References===
===References===
* {{R:Zoega}}
* {{R:Zoega}}
* Entry [http://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857#page/238/mode/2up "''ker''"] on page 239 in: Geir T. Zoëga "''A Concise Dictionary of Old Islandic''", Oxford at the Claredon Press (1910).
* Entry [http://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857#page/238/mode/2up "''ker''"] on page 239 in: Geir T. Zoëga "''A Concise Dictionary of Old Islandic''", Oxford at the Claredon Press (1910).

----


==Old Tupi==
==Old Tupi==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|tpw|tup-gua-pro|*kʲer||to sleep}}, from {{inh|tpw|tup-pro|*kʲet||to sleep}}.<ref>{{R:tup:CorrêaDaSilva|page=409}}</ref>

Cognate with {{cog|gug|ke}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|tpw|/kɛɾ/}}
* {{rhyme|tpw|ɛɾ|s=1}}
* {{hyph|tpw|ker}}


===Verb===
===Verb===
{{head|tpw|verb}}
{{tpw-verb|vi}}


# to [[sleep]]
# to [[sleep]]
# to [[fall asleep]]


====Conjugation====
====Conjugation====
* ({{l|tpw|ixé}}) aker
{{tpw-conj|vi}}
* ({{l|tpw|endé}}) ereker
* ({{l|tpw|a'e}}) oker
* ({{l|tpw|oré}}) oroker
* ({{l|tpw|îandé}}) îaker
* ({{l|tpw|peẽ}}) peker
* ({{l|tpw|a'e}}) oker


===References===
====Related terms====
{{col-auto|tpw|monger|kera|keraíb|kerambu|kerar|keraparar|kerarõ|kerasem|kerupaba|kesaba|kesapeba}}
* NAVARRO, E. A. Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil. São Paulo. Global. 2013.
* NAVARRO, E. A. Método moderno de tupi antigo: a língua do Brasil dos primeiros séculos". São Paulo. Global. 2005.


====Descendants====
----
* {{desc|yrl|kiri}}

===References===
<references/>
* {{R:tpw:Navarro 2013|+|226|2}}


==Serbo-Croatian==
==Serbo-Croatian==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
Shortened form of {{m|sh|kȅrber||Cerebrus}}
Shortened form of {{m|sh|kȅrber||Cerberus}}


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
Line 139: Line 196:


# {{lb|sh|slang|Bosnian|Serbian}} [[dog]]
# {{lb|sh|slang|Bosnian|Serbian}} [[dog]]
#: {{syn|sh|pȁs|;|pes|kucko|[[bidzin]]/[[bizin]]|q2=Croatia|q3=Montenegro}}


====Declension====
====Declension====
Line 151: Line 209:
}}
}}


====Synonyms====
===Further reading===
* {{l|sh|pȁs}}
* {{R:sh:HJP|el1gXhA%3D}}
* {{l|sh|kúčak}} / {{l|sh|kucko}}
* (''Montenegrin''): {{l|sh|bidzin}} / {{l|sh|bizin}}

{{c|sh|Dogs}}


{{C|sh|Dogs}}
----


==Slovak==
==Slovak==
{{wp|lang=sk}}


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|sk|sla-pro|*kъrъ||shrub, bush}}. Compare {{cog|pl|kierz}}, {{cog|dsb|keŕ}}, {{cog|cs|keř}}.
{{inh+|sk|sla-pro|*kъřь||shrub, bush}}. Compare {{cog|pl|kierz}}, {{cog|dsb|keŕ}}, {{cog|cs|keř}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sk|/kɛr/}}
* {{sk-IPA}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{sk-noun|g=m|gen=kra|pl=kry|genpl=krov|decl=dub}}
{{sk-noun|m-in|adj=kerový|dim=krík|dim2=kríček}}


# [[bush]], [[shrub]]
# [[bush]], [[shrub]]


====Declension====
====Declension====
{{sk-ndecl|m-in|kra}}
{{sk-decl-noun|ker|kra|kru|ker|kre|krom|kry|krov|krom|kry|kroch|krami}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|sk|kerový}}
* {{l|sk|krík}}
* {{l|sk|kríček}}


===Further reading===
===Further reading===
* {{R:SDK}}
* {{R:sk:SDK}}

{{c|sk|Shrubs}}


{{C|sk|Shrubs}}
----


==Slovene==
==Slovene==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|sl|sla-pro|*je že}}. The initial ''j-'' in relative pronouns and conjunctions changed to ''k-'' through analogy to interrogative pronouns. Compare {{cog|sh|jer}}.
From the neuter form of {{inh|sl|sla-pro|*jь že}}. The initial ''j-'' in relative pronouns and conjunctions changed to ''k-'' through analogy to interrogative pronouns. Compare {{cog|sh|jer}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
Line 203: Line 251:
===References===
===References===
* {{R:sl:Fran|ker}}
* {{R:sl:Fran|ker}}

----


==Tatar==
==Tatar==
Line 212: Line 258:


# [[dirt]]
# [[dirt]]

----

==Yurok==

===Noun===
{{head|yur|noun}}

# [[key]]

----


==Zazaki==
==Zazaki==
Line 231: Line 266:
# [[deaf]]
# [[deaf]]


[[Category:zza:Hearing]]
{{C|zza|Hearing}}

Latest revision as of 10:44, 21 November 2024

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ker"

Translingual

[edit]

Symbol

[edit]

ker

  1. (mathematics, algebra) kernel

Abinomn

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker

  1. (anatomy) thigh

Cornish

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker

  1. Hard mutation of ger.

Czech

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker

  1. genitive plural of kra

Gagauz

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Cognate to Turkish gerçek.

Adverb

[edit]

ker

  1. really
  2. if

References

[edit]
  • Baskakov, N. A. (1991) İsmail Kaynak, A. Mecit Doğru, transl., Gagauz Türkçesinin Sözlüğü [The Dictionary of Gagauz Turkish] (in Turkish), Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları, page 144

German

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Kerl (“bloke, guy, man”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Interjection

[edit]

ker

  1. (colloquial, regional, Ruhrgebiet, Münsterland) man!, Jesus! (general-purpose intensifier, especially expresses frustration)
    Ker, ich raste bald aus!
    Man, I’m really losing it now!

Hittite

[edit]

Romanization

[edit]

ker

  1. Broad transcription of 𒆠𒅕

Icelandic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old Norse ker, from Proto-Germanic *kazą. Doublet of kar, which was borrowed from Danish.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker n (genitive singular kers, nominative plural ker)

  1. tub, vat
  2. vessel, container

Declension

[edit]
Declension of ker (neuter)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ker kerið ker kerin
accusative ker kerið ker kerin
dative keri kerinu kerjum kerjunum
genitive kers kersins kerja kerjanna

Synonyms

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

Lolopo

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Loloish *ko² (Bradley), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Nuosu ꈐ (ku), Burmese ခိုး (hkui:), Naxi kv (“to steal”), Drung keu (“to steal”), Chinese 寇 (OC *[k]ʰˤ(r)o-s) (B-S), Tibetan རྐུ (rku), Yakkha खुमा (khuma, “to steal”), Cholim Tangsa guh (“to steal”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

ker 

  1. (Yao'an) to steal

Northern Kurdish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker m

  1. donkey

Old French

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker oblique singular, m (oblique plural kers, nominative singular kers, nominative plural ker)

  1. (Old Northern French) chier

Old Norse

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *kazą.

Noun

[edit]

ker n

  1. tub, vessel, goblet

Descendants

[edit]
  • Icelandic: ker
  • Faroese: ker
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kjer
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kjer
  • Old Swedish: kar
  • Old Danish: kar
    • Danish: kar
      • Norwegian Bokmål: kar
      • → Icelandic: kar
      • → Faroese: kar
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: kar

References

[edit]
  • “ker”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • Entry "ker" on page 239 in: Geir T. Zoëga "A Concise Dictionary of Old Islandic", Oxford at the Claredon Press (1910).

Old Tupi

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kʲer (“to sleep”), from Proto-Tupian *kʲet (“to sleep”).[1]

Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní ke.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

ker (first-person singular active indicative aker, first-person singular negative active indicative n'akeri, first-person singular gerund gûiké, noun kera) (intransitive)

  1. to sleep
  2. to fall asleep

Conjugation

[edit]
    Conjugation of ker (intransitive, R-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative monger
Causative-comitative eroker
Deverbals
-ba'e okeryba'e
-sab(a) kesaba／keraba
-sar(a) kesara／kerara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative aker ereker oker oroker îaker peker
Permissive t'aker t'ereker t'oker t'oroker t'îaker ta peker
Imperative eker peker
Negative indicative n'akeri n'erekeri n'okeri n'orokeri n'îakeri na pekeri
Negative permissive t'aker umẽ t'ereker umẽ t'oker umẽ t'oroker umẽ t'îaker umẽ ta peker umẽ
Negative imperative eker umẽ peker umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûiké eké oké oroké îaké peké
Negative gûikere'yma ekere'yma okere'yma orokere'yma îakere'yma pekere'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative kera
Negative kere'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe keri i keri oré keri îandé keri
Negative xe kere'ymi i kere'ymi oré kere'ymi îandé kere'ymi
[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 409

Serbo-Croatian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Shortened form of kȅrber (“Cerberus”)

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /kêːr/
  • Hyphenation: ker

Noun

[edit]

kȇr m (Cyrillic spelling ке̑р)

  1. (slang, Bosnia, Serbia) dog
    Synonyms: pȁs; (Croatia) pes, (Montenegro) kucko, bidzin/bizin

Declension

[edit]
Declension of ker
singular plural
nominative kȇr kȅrovi
genitive kera kerova
dative keru kerovima
accusative kera kerove
vocative keru kerovi
locative keru kerovima
instrumental kerom kerovima

Further reading

[edit]
  • “ker”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Slovak

[edit]
Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъřь (“shrub, bush”). Compare Polish kierz, Lower Sorbian keŕ, Czech keř.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker m inan (related adjective kerový, diminutive krík or kríček)

  1. bush, shrub

Declension

[edit]
Declension of ker (pattern dub)
singularplural
nominativekerkry
genitivekrakrov
dativekrukrom
accusativekerkry
locativekrekroch
instrumentalkromkrami

Further reading

[edit]
  • “ker”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Slovene

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From the neuter form of Proto-Slavic *jь že. The initial j- in relative pronouns and conjunctions changed to k- through analogy to interrogative pronouns. Compare Serbo-Croatian jer.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Conjunction

[edit]

ker

  1. because (by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that)

References

[edit]
  • “ker”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Tatar

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker

  1. dirt

Zazaki

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ker

  1. deaf
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ker&oldid=82716648"