Venezuelan lowland rabbit
| Venezuelan lowland rabbit | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Lagomorpha |
| Family: | Leporidae |
| Genus: | Sylvilagus |
| Species: | S. varynaensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sylvilagus varynaensis Durant & Guevara, 2001
| |
| |
| Venezuelan lowland rabbit range | |
The Venezuelan lowland rabbit (Sylvilagus varynaensis) (Spanish: conejo de monte), also known as the Barinas wild rabbit (Spanish: conejo de Barinas),[2] is a cottontail rabbit species found in western Venezuela.[3]
Taxonomy
[edit]The Venezuelan lowland rabbit was described in 2001 by Durant and Guevara. In their account, they noted that the new species had much larger body measurements from the regionally known tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), and smaller tail lengths than any local population of eastern cottontail (S. floridanus). The holotype, a female specimen collected in 1989 from Sabaneta, Barinas, Venezuela, is kept at the University of the Andes in Mérida.[4]
There are no subspecies of the Venezuelan lowland rabbit, and its closest relative is the tapeti.[2]
Diet
[edit]Its diet consists in large measure of plants of the genus Sida.[1]
Habitat
[edit]It is found in lowland savannas close to dry forests within the Llanos ecoregion[1] across Barinas, Portuguesa, and Guárico.[2]
Description
[edit]It is the largest of the rabbits known from South America within its species distribution, which is shared at least partially with the tapeti and the eastern cottontail. Its length and weight is greater than both, but the length of the Venezuelan lowland rabbit's palate is shorter than that of the eastern cottontail. The palate of the tapeti is smaller than that of the Venezuelan lowland rabbit. It has a tawny-colored nose,[2] buff-colored cheek, above-eye, and external ear regions, and reddish fur on the back of the head to the nape, with white-furred rings around the eyes.[4] Head and body length is about 44 cm, with females being slightly larger.[1]
Breeding
[edit]Reproduction takes place over three quarters of the year, with an average of 2.6 embryos per litter, but most commonly during September through December. The gestation period is 35 days.[1]
Threats
[edit]Possible threats to the species include habitat destruction by deforestation and agricultural conversion, competition with grazing livestock and hunting.[1] They are parasitized by adult and larval stages of roundworms, as well as flatworms in genus Taenia, but negative effects on the host rabbit have not been observed.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Johnston, C.H.; Smith, A.T. (2019). "Sylvilagus varynaensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41311A45193972. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41311A45193972.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Johnston, Charlotte H. (2018). "Sylvilagus varynaensis Durant and Guevara, 2001 Venezuelan Lowland Rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268.
- ^ Hoffman, R.S.; Smith, A.T. (2005). "Order Lagomorpha". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 211. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b Durant, P.; Guevara, M. A. (March 2001). "A new rabbit species (Sylvilagus, Mammalia: Leporidae) from the lowlands of Venezuela". Revista De Biologia Tropical. 49 (1): 369–381. ISSN 0034-7744. PMID 11795167.
