RGS14

RGS14
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2JNU, 2OM2, 2XNS, 3ONW, 3QI2
Identifiers
Aliases	RGS14, regulator of G protein signaling 14
External IDs	OMIM: 602513; MGI: 1859709; HomoloGene: 4735; GeneCards: RGS14; OMA:RGS14 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) Band 5q35.3 Start 177,357,924 bp End 177,372,596 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse) Band 13 B1|13 29.8 cM Start 55,517,545 bp End 55,532,500 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte caudate nucleus putamen nucleus accumbens right lobe of liver blood monocyte spleen right uterine tube lymph node Top expressed in granulocyte CA3 field entorhinal cortex perirhinal cortex thymus nucleus accumbens hippocampus proper tibiofemoral joint olfactory tubercle dentate gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function GTPase activating protein binding GTPase activator activity GTPase regulator activity microtubule binding protein binding GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity G-protein alpha-subunit binding signaling receptor complex adaptor activity protein kinase binding GTPase activity Cellular component cytoplasm PML body centrosome postsynaptic membrane cell projection spindle pole nuclear body membrane postsynaptic density plasma membrane spindle dendritic spine synapse microtubule organizing center cell junction dendrite microtubule cytoskeleton nucleus glutamatergic synapse Biological process visual learning intracellular signal transduction regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway chromosome segregation learning response to oxidative stress cell division positive regulation of neurogenesis positive regulation of GTPase activity spindle organization long-term memory negative regulation of MAP kinase activity nucleocytoplasmic transport zygote asymmetric cell division negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade cell cycle platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of signal transduction regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress negative regulation of synaptic plasticity signal transduction long-term potentiation mitotic cell cycle negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway modulation of chemical synaptic transmission G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 10636 51791 Ensembl ENSG00000169220 ENSMUSG00000052087 UniProt O43566 P97492 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006480 NM_001366617 NM_001366618 NM_016758 NM_001360714 RefSeq (protein) NP_006471 NP_001353546 NP_001353547 NP_058038 NP_001347643 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 177.36 – 177.37 Mb Chr 13: 55.52 – 55.53 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Regulator of G-protein signaling 14 (RGS14) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS14 gene.

Function

RGS14 is a member of the regulator of G protein signalling family. This protein contains one RGS domain, two Raf-like Ras-binding domains (RBDs), and one GoLoco motif. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding, through its GoLoco domain, to specific types of activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits. Acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), the protein increases the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.

Increasing the expression of the RGS14 protein in the V2 secondary visual cortex of mice promotes the conversion of short-term to long-term object-recognition memory. Conversely RGS14 is enriched in CA2 pyramidal neurons and suppresses synaptic plasticity of these synapses and hippocampal-based learning and memory.

Interactions

RGS14 has been shown to interact with:

• GNAI1 and
• GNAI3.

Further reading

• Snow BE, Antonio L, Suggs S, et al. (1997). "Molecular cloning and expression analysis of rat Rgs12 and Rgs14". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233 (3): 770–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6537. PMID 9168931.
• Traver S, Bidot C, Spassky N, et al. (2001). "RGS14 is a novel Rap effector that preferentially regulates the GTPase activity of galphao". Biochem. J. 350 (1): 19–29. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3500019. PMC 1221220. PMID 10926822.
• Cho H, Kozasa T, Takekoshi K, et al. (2000). "RGS14, a GTPase-activating protein for Gialpha, attenuates Gialpha- and G13alpha-mediated signaling pathways". Mol. Pharmacol. 58 (3): 569–76. doi:10.1124/mol.58.3.569. PMID 10953050.
• Hollinger S, Taylor JB, Goldman EH, Hepler JR (2001). "RGS14 is a bifunctional regulator of Gi/oalpha activity that exists in multiple populations in brain". Journal of Neurochemistry. 79 (5): 941–49. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00629.x. PMID 11739605. S2CID 22913974.
• Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, et al. (2001). "RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29275–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103208200. PMID 11387333.
• Sierra DA, Gilbert DJ, Householder D, et al. (2002). "Evolution of the regulators of G-protein signaling multigene family in mouse and human". Genomics. 79 (2): 177–85. doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6693. PMID 11829488. S2CID 16065132.
• Kimple RJ, Kimple ME, Betts L, et al. (2002). "Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits". Nature. 416 (6883): 878–81. Bibcode:2002Natur.416..878K. doi:10.1038/416878a. PMID 11976690. S2CID 4406208.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Hollinger S, Ramineni S, Hepler JR (2003). "Phosphorylation of RGS14 by protein kinase A potentiates its activity toward G alpha i.". Biochemistry. 42 (3): 811–9. doi:10.1021/bi026664y. PMID 12534294.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Martin-McCaffrey L, Willard FS, Oliveira-dos-Santos AJ, et al. (2004). "RGS14 is a mitotic spindle protein essential from the first division of the mammalian zygote". Dev. Cell. 7 (5): 763–9. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.10.004. PMID 15525537.
• Martin-McCaffrey L, Willard FS, Pajak A, et al. (2006). "RGS14 is a microtubule-associated protein". Cell Cycle. 4 (7): 953–60. doi:10.4161/cc.4.7.1787. PMID 15917656. S2CID 37573929.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
• Shu FJ, Ramineni S, Amyot W, Hepler JR (2007). "Selective interactions between Gialpha1 and Gialpha3 and the GoLoco/GPR domain of RGS14 influence its dynamic subcellular localization". Cellular Signalling. 19 (1): 941–49. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.06.002. PMID 16870394.
• Shu FJ, Ramineni S, Hepler JR (2009). "RGS14 is multifunctional scaffold that integrates G protein and Ras/Raf MAPkinase signaling pathways". Cellular Signalling: in press.

External links

• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: O43566 (Regulator of G-protein signaling 14) at the PDBe-KB.