Portal:1970s

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P:1970s

The 1970s (pronounced "nineteen-seventies"; commonly shortened to the "Seventies" or the "'70s") was a decade that began on January 1, 1970, and ended on December 31, 1979.

In the 21st century, historians have increasingly portrayed the 1970s as a "pivot of change" in world history, focusing especially on the economic upheavals^[1] that followed the end of the postwar economic boom.^[2] On a global scale, it was characterized by frequent coups, domestic conflicts and civil wars, and various political upheavals and armed conflicts which arose from or were related to decolonization, and the global struggle between NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Many regions had periods of high-intensity conflict, notably Southeast Asia, the Mideast, and Africa.

In the Western world, social progressive values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and economic liberty of women, continued to grow. In the United Kingdom, the 1979 election resulted in the victory of its Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher, the first female British Prime Minister. Industrialized countries experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. The crisis saw the first instance of stagflation which began a political and economic trend of the replacement of Keynesian economic theory with neoliberal economic theory, with the first neoliberal government coming to power with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. The 1970s was also an era of great technological and scientific advances; since the appearance of the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004 in 1971, the decade was characterised by a profound transformation of computing units – by then rudimentary, spacious machines – into the realm of portability and home accessibility.

On the other hand, there were also great advances in fields such as physics, which saw the consolidation of quantum field theory at the end of the decade, mainly thanks to the confirmation of the existence of quarks and the detection of the first gauge bosons in addition to the photon, the Z boson and the gluon, part of what was christened in 1975 as the Standard Model.

In Asia, the People's Republic of China's international relations changed significantly following its recognition by the United Nations, the death of Mao Zedong and the beginning of market liberalization by Mao's successors. Despite facing an oil crisis due to the OPEC embargo, the economy of Japan witnessed a large boom in this period, overtaking the economy of West Germany to become the second-largest in the world.^[3] The United States withdrew its military forces from the Vietnam War. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, which led to the Soviet–Afghan War.

The 1970s saw an initial increase in violence in the Middle East as Egypt and Syria declared war on Israel, but in the late 1970s, the situation in the Middle East was fundamentally altered when Egypt signed the Egyptian–Israeli Peace Treaty. Political tensions in Iran exploded with the Iranian Revolution in 1979, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established an Islamic republic under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini.

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The Rescuers is a 1977 American animated adventure comedy-drama film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by Buena Vista Distribution. Bob Newhart and Eva Gabor respectively star as Bernard and Bianca, two mice who are members of the Rescue Aid Society, an international mouse organization dedicated to helping abduction victims around the world. Both must free 6 year old orphan Penny (voiced by Michelle Stacy) from two treasure hunters (played by Geraldine Page and Joe Flynn), who intend to use her to help them obtain a giant diamond. The film is based on a series of books by Margery Sharp, including The Rescuers (1959) and Miss Bianca (1962).

An early version of The Rescuers entered development in 1962, but was shelved due to Walt Disney's dislike of its political overtones. During the 1970s, the film was revived as a project intended for the younger animators, with the oversight of the senior staff. Four years were spent working on the film. The Rescuers was released on June 22, 1977, to positive critical reception and became a box office success, earning $48 million against a budget of $7.5 million during its initial theatrical run. It has since grossed a total of $169 million after two re-releases in 1983 and 1989. Due to the film's success, a sequel titled The Rescuers Down Under was released in 1990, which made this film the first Disney animated film to have a sequel. (Full article...)

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... that in the 1970s, the Shelton Hotel avoided demolition after seven elderly residents and a secretary refused to move out?
... that the 4,000-year-old Ravenswood standing stone now lies in a cul-de-sac in a 1970s Scottish housing estate?
... that thousands of Greenlandic women and girls had intrauterine devices placed without their consent during the 1960s and 1970s?
... that John Kinch worked two jobs in the late 1970s, as a mail carrier and a professional football player?
... that the art of Irma Blank, of "drawing languages without words" and including sounds, was recognised in the 1970s but fell into obscurity until a rediscovery in the 2010s?
... that the manga series Sora ga Suki! depicted two male characters kissing each other although it was a taboo for manga in the 1970s?

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Official portrait, c. 1973

Henry Alfred Kissinger (May 27, 1923 – November 29, 2023) was an American diplomat and political scientist who served as United States Secretary of State from 1973 to 1977 and National Security Advisor from 1969 to 1975, in the presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.

Born in Germany, Kissinger emigrated to the United States in 1938 as a Jewish refugee fleeing Nazi persecution. He served in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended Harvard University, where he excelled academically. He later became a professor of government at the university and earned an international reputation as an expert on nuclear weapons and foreign policy. He acted as a consultant to government agencies, think tanks, and the presidential campaigns of Nelson Rockefeller and Nixon before being appointed as national security advisor and later secretary of state by President Nixon. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various 1970s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Pong arcade machine (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 2Anti-war protest against the Vietnam War in Washington, D.C., on April 24, 1971. (from 1970s)
Image 3VT100 (1978) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 4The 1970 Bhola cyclone, considered the 20th century's worst cyclone disaster, kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan during November 1970. (from 1970s)
Image 5A Women's Liberation march in Washington, D.C., 1970 (from 1970s)
Image 6Three Los Angeles Chicanos in 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 7United States President Jimmy Carter and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna, Austria (from 1970s)
Image 8Actress Camille Keaton in 1972. Throughout most of the decade, women preferred light, natural-looking make-up for the daytime. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 91973 Volvo P1800 sportwagon. (from 1970s)
Image 10Magnavox Odyssey (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 11Clockwise from top left: U.S. President Richard Nixon doing the V for Victory sign after his resignation from office following the Watergate scandal in 1974; The United States was still involved in the Vietnam War in the early decade. The New York Times leaked information regarding the nation's involvement in the war. Political pressure led to America's withdrawal from the war in 1973, and the Fall of Saigon in 1975 leading to evacuations of South Vietnamese that same year; the 1973 oil crisis causes a financial crisis throughout the developed world; both the leaders of Israel and Egypt shake hands after the signing of the Camp David Accords in 1978; in 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces commits the 1971 Bangladesh genocide to curb independence movements in East Pakistan, killing 300,000 to 3,000,000 people; this consequently leads to the Bangladesh Liberation War; the 1970 Bhola cyclone kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan in November 1970, and became the deadliest natural disaster in 40 years; the Iranian Revolution of 1979 ousts Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who is later replaced by an Islamic theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini; the popularity of the disco music genre and subculture peaks during the mid-to-late 1970s.
(from 1970s)
Image 12Asteroids (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 13Queen, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 14Bruce Lee fostered the popularity of martial arts cinema (from 1970s)
Image 15Siouxsie Sioux of the English punk group Siouxsie and the Banshees. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 16Apple II (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 17Elton John was one of the most commercially successful solo pop acts of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 18American casual attire, 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 19The world map of military alliances in 1970s: Western allies (blue), Non-aligned countries (green) and Soviet allies (red) (from 1970s)
Image 20Hank Williams (from 1970s in music)
Image 21African American couple, Michigan Avenue, Chicago, July 1975 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 22Polistil VG2 Pong clone (1978), made in Italy (from 1970s in video games)
Image 23Footballer George Best wore long hair in 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 24Silk scarves were popular fashion accessories for women in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 25Park Chung Hee (from 1970s)
Image 26British rock band Led Zeppelin was one of the most popular and influential bands of the 1970s. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal. (from 1970s)
Image 271976 flyer advertising the racing game Fonz (from 1970s in video games)
Image 28Bob Marley, 1980 (from 1970s in music)
Image 29King Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (from 1970s)
Image 30Flared jeans and trousers were popular with both sexes as can be seen at this East German disco party in 1977. In the socialist part of Germany (until 1990), the government regarded western influences on cultural life of their population very critical, but factually tolerated them in many fields. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 31Nixon and Zhou toast, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 32British rock band Killing Floor, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 33Line at a gas station in Maryland, June 15, 1979. (from 1970s)
Image 34Charlie Rich (from 1970s in music)
Image 35Singer Barry Manilow wears his hair longish in the soft, layered style favoured by men in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 361970 Dodge Challenger Trans Am, an example of a muscle car in the earlier part of the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 37Example of glam rock costume worn by Roy Wood and Wizzard, early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 38Haile Selassie was overthrown from power in Ethiopia, ending one of the longest-lasting monarchies in world history. (from 1970s)
Image 39British girls in 1975 in flared jeans (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 40Color TV-Game (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 41Swedish model Ulla Jones dressed in a lurex halter top and matching flared trousers (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 42Singer Rod Stewart performing in 1976. He was one of the major British soft rock artists of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 43Diane von Fürstenberg's wrap dress, designed in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 44An artist impression of an American Apollo spacecraft and Soviet Soyuz spacecraft docking, a propaganda portrait for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission (from 1970s)
Image 45Swedish model Efva Attling in a "midi" dress, Kings Road, London, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 46Margaret Thatcher shortly before becoming the United Kingdom's first woman Prime Minister in 1979. Thatcher's political and economic agenda began the first government committed to neoliberalism. (from 1970s)
Image 47Isabel Perón becomes the first woman President of Argentina in 1974 and the first woman non-monarch head of state in the Western hemisphere. (from 1970s)
Image 48America's first space station Skylab in orbit February 8, 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 49The Swedish band ABBA was one of the most commercially successful European bands of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 50Two women in 1979 wear the trendy tube tops, while the woman on the far left is wearing a rayon strapless dress (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 51The early 1970s' fashions were a continuation of the hippie look from the late 1960s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 52Frisbee player Ken Westerfield wearing draw string bell bottoms in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 53Paul Anka in 1961 (from 1970s in music)
Image 54Punk pioneer Lene Lovich in 1979, with her trademark long plaited hair. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 55Concorde landing at Farnborough in September 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 56A couple at prom in late 1970s: Powder Tuxedo and sleeved dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 57British singer Rod Stewart, 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 58Jose Jose (from 1970s in music)
Image 59Voyager 1 passing by Jupiter's Great Red Spot February 25, 1979 (from 1970s)
Image 60The British band The Bee Gees were one of the biggest musical acts of the 1970s leading the disco phenomenon (from 1970s in music)
Image 61Pink Floyd, 1973 (from 1970s in music)
Image 62Los Angeles high school students, 1973. The tousled, blond surfer hair was popular for young men in southern California. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 63David Bowie in the early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 64Intellivision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 65Kansas (from 1970s in music)
Image 66Singer Billy Preston in 1974 wearing an Afro hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 67Debby Boone song "You Light Up My Life" had the most weeks at number one (from 1970s in music)
Image 68Viking 1, the first of two spacecraft sent to Mars, takes this picture of the landing site in Chryse Planitia (1978) (from 1970s)
Image 69In 1971 hotpants and bell-bottomed trousers were popular fashion trends (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 70Microvision (1979) is the first handheld game console that used interchangeable cartridges. (from 1970s)
Image 71El Tri Band founder Alex Lora, on stage with the band in 2006 (from 1970s in music)
Image 72Iranian prince Reza Pahlavi wearing Peacock Revolution-inspired velvet Nehru jacket and geometric print scarf, 1973. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 73Pink Floyd performing The Dark Side of the Moon in 1973, the highest-selling album of the decade and one of the highest-selling of all time. (from 1970s)
Image 74Linda Ronstadt in 1976 (from 1970s in music)
Image 75Aerosmith had seven studio albums chart on the Billboard 200 in the 1970s. Their success in the decade, particularly of their albums Toys in the Attic (1975) and Rocks (1976), helped inspire future rock artists such as Slash and Kurt Cobain (from 1970s in music)
Image 76A young woman wearing a wrap dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 77Loretta Lynn (from 1970s in music)
Image 78By the early 1970s, miniskirts had reached an all-time popularity. This young English woman is wearing a fringed suede miniskirt, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 79Mao Zedong wearing gray Zhongshan suit, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 80Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat shake hands, Camp David, 1978 (from 1970s)
Image 81John Denver, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 82Alan Bennett in 1973, wearing a wide necktie (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 83Willie Nelson became one of the most popular country music artists during the 1970s. (from 1970s in music)
Image 84AC/DC, August 1979 (from 1970s in music)
Image 85Steve McQueen with sideburns, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 86Debbie Harry of Blondie in 1977. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 87English girl in the mid-1970s wearing a wide-sleeved shirt, belted at the waist. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 881974 Ford Mustang interior (from 1970s)
Image 89The CN Tower was completed in 1976, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure. (from 1970s)
Image 90Pakistan Army General A. A. K. Niazi signing surrender agreement before Sh. Jagjit Singh Aurora of Indian Army after getting defeated in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War against East Pakistan, which eventually liberated as Bangladesh later. (from 1970s)
Image 91American First Lady Pat Nixon wears a shirt with the wide collar that was popular until the final years of the decade. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 92Fashion models in Leipzig, GDR, 1972. One of the girls is modelling a "maxi" dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 93Egyptian military vehicles crossing the Suez Canal on October 7, 1973, during the Yom Kippur War. (from 1970s)
Image 94Death Race (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 95Galaxian (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 96TRS-80 (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 97Apollo 17 Astronaut Gene Cernan becomes the last man on the Moon, December 13, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 98Mid-70s Western-inspired outifts worn by country music group Asleep at the Wheel. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 99The Bee Gees, in 1968 (from 1970s in music)
Image 100Nixon displays the V-for-victory sign as he departs the White House after resigning (from 1970s)
Image 101Aldo Moro (from 1970s)
Image 102British rock band Queen (pictured here in 1977) was considered to be one of the most influential bands of the '70s (as well as the '80s), along with American rock band Eagles and others (from 1970s)
Image 103Woman in miniskirt, 1970 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 104Home Pong console (museum recreation) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 105Idi Amin (from 1970s)
Image 106Rigo Tovar (from 1970s in music)
Image 107The Eagles (from 1970s in music)
Image 108Girl in 1973 with a "flicked" hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 109Salah Zulfikar and Zubaida Tharwat in The Other Man (1973) (from 1970s)
Image 110The Vietnam War (1955–1975) (from 1970s)
Image 111Two punks from the late 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 112 Fairchild Channel F (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 113Typical mid to late 1970s Ted gear, as worn by Shakin' Stevens. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 114Microvision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 115Led Zeppelin, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 116A West German school girl with Schultüte in 1970, with a 'hippyish' outfit on. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 117Dave Schultz won Stanley Cup two times (from 1970s)
Image 118Honda Civic sold well throughout the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 1191979 Iranian Revolution (from 1970s)
Image 120Ramones's lead guitarist Johnny Ramone performing in Toronto, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 121Susana Giménez wearing hotpants, 1977 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 122Redd Foxx and Demond Wilson from Sanford and Son (from 1970s)
Image 123Commodore PET (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 124Henry Mancini (from 1970s in music)
Image 125Pong (1972) (from 1970s)
Image 126In the 1970s, women's hair was usually worn long with a centre parting (from 1970s in fashion)

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