Kingdom of Bhaktapur
Kingdom of Bhaktapur 𑐏𑑂𑐰𑐥 𑐡𑐾𑐱 (Newar) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1428–1769 | |||||||||
 Insignia of the Kingdom of Bhaktapur | |||||||||
| Capital | Bhaktapur Durbar Square, Bhaktapur | ||||||||
| Common languages | Newar (official) Sanskrit (religious) | ||||||||
| Religion | Newar Hinduism and Newar Buddhism | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1428 | ||||||||
| 1769 | |||||||||
| Currency | Mohar | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Nepal | ||||||||
The Kingdom of Bhaktapur (Nepali: भक्तपुर राज्य, Bhaktapura Rājya), also known as Bhadgaon, was a kingdom ruled by the Malla dynasty of Nepal from 15th century until its annexation in the 18th century. It was established in 1482 after King Yaksha Malla died and his sons divided the valley into four kingdoms: Bhaktapur, Kantipur, Patan, and Banepa. Banepa, however, was soon annexed by or submitted itself to Bhaktapur.[1][2]
In 1769, It became part of the Gorkha Kingdom―present day Kingdom of Nepal―after an aggressive unification campaign launched by Prithvi Narayan Shah.[2]
History
[edit]Since the reign of the first Malla king, Arimalla, over Kathmandu Valley, Bhadgaon had always been at the center of political events. After the lineage of Arimalla ended with Jayadeva Malla in 1258, it was the residence of House of Tripura. The Tripura House, along with its main rival from Banepa, the House of Bhonta played a prominent part in shaping the valley as it stood at that time. Eventually, the Bhonta House declined and Tripuras enjoyed full authority in the valley.[3]
In 1353, Jayasthiti Malla, was brought from the south by Devaladevi, the de facto head of Tripura House, and she married him to Rajalladevi, her granddaughter. Yakshya Malla was the grandson of Jayasthiti, and all the later rulers of the valley descended from him.[4]
Monarchs
[edit]The following table provides a list of monarchs of Bhadgaon with their regnal dates.[5]
| Name | Reign |
|---|---|
| Raya Malla | 1482–1509 |
| Bhuwana Malla | 1505–1519 |
| Prana Malla | 1519–1547 |
| Vishva Malla | 1547–1560 |
| Trailokya Malla | 1560–1613 |
| Tribhuvana Malla | co-ruler of Trailokya[6] |
| Ganga Rani | co-ruler of Trailokya[6] |
| Jagajjyoti Malla | 1613–1637 |
| Naresha Malla | 1637–1644 |
| Jagat Prakasha Malla | 1644–1673 |
| Jitamitra Malla | 1673–1696 |
| Bhupatindra Malla | 1696–1722 |
| Ranajit Malla | 1722–1769 |
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ Lall 1994, p. 60.
- ^ a b Josephson 1988, p. 88.
- ^ Shaha 1990, p. 39–50.
- ^ Petech 1984, p. 133–150.
- ^ Shrestha & Singh 1972, p. 73–74.
- ^ a b Pokhrel, Aupson (2023). "King Trailokya Malla". Itihasaa: Encyclopedia of Nepali History. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
Bibliography
[edit]- Vaidya, Tulasī Rāma (2002). Bhaktapur Rajdarbar. Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University. ISBN 978-99933-52-17-4.
- Shaha, Rishikesh (1990). Ancient and Medieval Nepal (PDF). Kathmandu, Nepal: University of Cambridge.
- Shrestha, D.B.; Singh, C.B. (1972). The History of Ancient and Medieval Nepal (PDF) (1st ed.). Kathmandu: University of Cambridge.
- Regmi, Mahesh C. (1972). "Regmi Research Series" (PDF). German Oriental Society. 4.
- Lall, Kesar (1994). Folk Tales from the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal: Tales of Three Brothers. Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
- Sen, Jahar (1992). India and Nepal: Some Aspects of Culture Contact. Indian Institute of Advanced Study. p. 60. ISBN 978-81-85182-69-8.
- Josephson, Richard (1988). Nepal Mandala. R. Josephson.
- Petech, Luciano (1984). Medieval History of Nepal (PDF) (2nd ed.). Italy: Fondata Da Giuseppe Tucci.