Bloom Site

	Bloom Site
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. National Historic Landmark
	Man standing at the site
Location	Address restricted
Nearest city	Bloom, South Dakota
NRHP reference No.	66000714
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	October 15, 1966
Designated NHL	July 19, 1964

The Bloom Site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 39HS1, is an archaeological site in Hanson County, South Dakota. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.^[3]

The site is located in the watershed of the James River. It contains the remains of a prehistoric fortified site, which was last inhabited about 1000 CE. Archaeologists have assigned it to the Lower James phase or Initial Middle Missouri phase of the Middle Missouri tradition.^[4] The site is one of four sites that form part of this phase that exhibit fairly intensive usage patterns, and differ in their ceramics from surrounding sites.^[5] The region was largely abandoned about 1300, in part due to the relatively poor quality of the land, which contributed to a sparse settlement pattern at the time.^[4] Finds at the site include the remains of blue-winged teal.^[6]

At the time of the landmark designation in 1964, it was stated:

A well-preserved example of a prehistoric fortified Over Focus Indian site (c. 1000), the ancestors of the Mandan Indians may have lived here. About 25 depressions mark the locations of rectangular houses. Prior to their destruction by cultivation, some 50 burial mounds, ranging up to 200 feet in diameter and from 3 to 10 feet high, also marked the site.^[3]

References

^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
^ Federal and state laws and practices restrict general public access to information regarding the specific location of this resource. In some cases, this is to protect archeological sites from vandalism, while in other cases it is restricted at the request of the owner. See: Knoerl, John; Miller, Diane; Shrimpton, Rebecca H. (1990), Guidelines for Restricting Information about Historic and Prehistoric Resources, National Register Bulletin, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, OCLC 20706997.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Bloom Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 14, 2009. Retrieved June 14, 2008.
^ ^a ^b "A Chronology of Middle Missouri Plains Village Sites" (PDF). Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
^ Haberman, Thomas (1993). "The Randall Phase Component at the Dirt Lodge Village Site, Spink County, South Dakota: Late Woodland/Early Plains Village Transitions on the Northeastern Plains". Plains Anthropologist. 38 (145): 75–116. doi:10.1080/2052546.1993.11931646. JSTOR 25669183.
^ Parris, David; Higgins, Kenneth (2010). "WATERFOWL IN THE PREHISTORY OF SOUTH DAKOTA" (PDF). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science. Retrieved December 24, 2017.

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[nris-1] "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.

[ARCombinedNote-2] Federal and state laws and practices restrict general public access to information regarding the specific location of this resource. In some cases, this is to protect archeological sites from vandalism, while in other cases it is restricted at the request of the owner. See: Knoerl, John; Miller, Diane; Shrimpton, Rebecca H. (1990), Guidelines for Restricting Information about Historic and Prehistoric Resources, National Register Bulletin, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, OCLC 20706997.

[nhlsum-3] "Bloom Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 14, 2009. Retrieved June 14, 2008.

[chrono-4] "A Chronology of Middle Missouri Plains Village Sites" (PDF). Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved December 23, 2017.

[haberman-5] Haberman, Thomas (1993). "The Randall Phase Component at the Dirt Lodge Village Site, Spink County, South Dakota: Late Woodland/Early Plains Village Transitions on the Northeastern Plains". Plains Anthropologist. 38 (145): 75–116. doi:10.1080/2052546.1993.11931646. JSTOR 25669183.

[parris-6] Parris, David; Higgins, Kenneth (2010). "WATERFOWL IN THE PREHISTORY OF SOUTH DAKOTA" (PDF). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science. Retrieved December 24, 2017.

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v t e Pre-Columbian North America
Periods Lithic Archaic Formative Classic Post-Classic
Archaeological cultures	Adena Alachua Ancient Beringian Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) Anishinaabe Avonlea Baytown Belle Glade Buttermilk Creek complex Caborn-Welborn Cades Pond Calf Creek Caloosahatchee Clovis Coles Creek Comondú Deptford Folsom Fort Ancient Fort Walton Fremont Glacial Kame Glades Hohokam Hopewell List of Hopewell sites La Jolla Las Palmas Maritime Archaic Mississippian List of Mississippian sites Mogollon Monongahela Old Cordilleran Oneota Paleo-Arctic Paleo-Indians Patayan Plano Plaquemine Poverty Point Red Ocher Safety Harbor Santa Rosa-Swift Creek St. Johns Steed-Kisker Suwannee Valley Tchefuncte Troyville Weeden Island
Archaeological sites	Angel Mounds Anzick site Bandelier National Monument Bastian Benson Blue Spring Shelter Bluefish Caves The Bluff Point Stoneworks Brewster Cahokia Candelaria Cave Casa Grande Chaco Canyon Coso Rock Art District Crystal River Cuarenta Casas Cueva de la Olla Cutler Eaker El Fin del Mundo El Vallecito Effigy Mounds Etowah Indian Mounds Eva Folsom Fort Ancient Fort Center Fort Juelson Four Mounds Gila Cliff Dwellings Glenwood Grimes Point Helen Blazes Holly Bluff Hopewell Culture National Historical Park Horr's Island Huápoca Key Marco Kimball Village Kincaid Mounds Kolomoki Mounds Lake Jackson Mounds Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site L'Anse aux Meadows Lynch Quarry Site Marksville Marmes Rockshelter Meadowcroft Rockshelter Mesa Verde Moaning Cavern Moorehead Circle Morrison Mounds Moundville Mummy Cave Nodena site Ocmulgee Mounds Old Stone Fort Orwell site Paquime Painted Bluff Parkin Park Pinson Mounds Plum Bayou Mounds Portsmouth Earthworks Poverty Point Pueblo Bonito Rassawek Recapture Canyon River Styx Roberts Island Rock Eagle Rock Hawk Rosenstock Village Russell Cave Salmon Ruins Serpent Mound Sierra de San Francisco Shell ring sites Spiro Mounds Stallings Island SunWatch Taos Pueblo Town Creek Indian Mound Turkey River Mounds Upward Sun River Velda Mound West Oak Forest Earthlodge Wickiup Hill Windover Winterville Wupatki
Human remains	Anzick-1 Arlington Springs Man Buhl Woman Kennewick Man La Brea Woman Leanderthal Lady Melbourne Man Minnesota Woman Peñon woman Spirit Cave mummy Vero man
Miscellaneous	Aridoamerica Ballgame Black drink Ceremonial pipe Chanunpa Chunkey Clovis point Container Revolution Eastern Agricultural Complex Eden point Effigy mound Falcon dancer Folsom point Green Corn Ceremony Horned Serpent Kiva Medicine wheel Metallurgy Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing Mound Builders N.A.G.P.R.A. Norse colonization of North America Oasisamerica Piasa Projectile point Southeastern Ceremonial Complex Stickball Three Sisters agriculture Thunderbird Transoceanic contact Underwater panther Water glyphs
Related Genetic history Pre-Columbian era

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