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Nunyiamemademade

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Nunyiamemademade
NunyiamemademadeRibɔn si de ama abe antiɖiɖi ene — ribɔn si ɖea dzeside na nunyiamemademade.
NunyiamemademadeRibɔn si de ama abe antiɖiɖi ene — ribɔn si ɖea dzeside na nunyiamemademade.
Ribɔn si de ama abe antiɖiɖi ene — ribɔn si ɖea dzeside na nunyiamemademade.
Memama kple Nusiwohia na dɔwɔwɔ tso teƒe bubuwo
ICD/CIM-9263.9 263.9
MedlinePlus000404

Nunyiamemademade alo nunyiameɖuɖumademade nye nɔnɔme si tsoa nuɖuɖu si me nunyiamewo me li o alo si me wobɔ ɖo fuu si hea dɔlelewo vɛ.[1][2] Nunyiame siawo nye : lamemiwo, protein, carbohydratewo, vitaminwo alo mineralwo.[2] Zigeɖe la, woyɔ ne be nunyiamemademade ne lamemiwo, protein alo nunyiamekuiwo mebɔ o; gake, woga yɔ ne be nunyiamedewu.[3][4] Ne nunyiamemademade le vidzi le fufɔfɔ alo hafi woxɔ ƒe eve me la, ateŋugble nu le eƒe tsitsi ŋu tegbetegbe.[2] Nunyiameɖuɖumademade ƒe sesietɔ si woyɔ na be numaɖumaɖu, ateŋu ahe dzesiwo abe: kpuienyenye, makɔmakɔ, ŋusemanɔamesi, kple afɔ kple dɔme ƒe tete.[2][3] Zigeɖe ha la, amewo kpɔ na infectionwo eye wogakpɔ na fafa edziedzi . Nuɖuɖukui mademade ƒe dzesiwo tsoa nuɖuɖukui si me le nuɖuɖua me o.[3]

Undernourishment zigeɖe la tsoa nuɖuɖu nyuie maɖumaɖu gbɔ.[5] Etsoa nuɖuɖu xoasiwo gbɔ kple poverty.[2][5] breast feeding manɔanyi ateŋu he vɛ, nenemake infectious diseases abe: gastroenteritis, pneumonia, malaria kple measles siwo hia nunyiame le agbɔsɔsɔ me.[5] Undernutrition ƒe ha evee le: protein-energy malnutrition kple dietary deficiencies.[4] Protein-energy malnutrition ƒe sesie ha eve le: marasmus (a lack of protein and calories) kple kwashiorkor (a lack of just protein).[3]Micronutrient manɔanyi bɔbɔtɔwoe nye: iron, iodine kple vitamin A manɔanyi.[3] Le pregnancy yi la, le nunyiamewo ƒe zaza le agbɔsɔsɔ me ta la, woƒe vɔvɔ bɔ ŋutɔ.[6] Le developing countries la, overnutrition le obesity ƒe nɔnɔme me la, nyea undernutrition le teƒe ɖekawo.[7] Malnutrition ƒe dzɔtsoƒeɖewoe nye anorexia nervosa kple bariatric surgery.[8][9] Malnutrition bɔ wu le elderly me ɖe woƒe physical, psychological kple social nyawo ta.[10]

Mɔnuwo be woahe nutrition ɖe ŋgɔ nyea mɔnuwo abe development aid.[11] Notsi nono ateŋu aɖe malnutrition dzi kple ku le ɖeviwo me,[2] eye mɔnuwo be woado eƒe wɔwɔ ɖe dzi ha hene ɖe dzi.[12] Nuɖuɖu kple notsi nana ɖeviwo le ɣleti ade kple ƒe eve me la hea dometsonuwo vɛ.[12] Nutsotsowo de megbe na supplementation tso micronutrients zaza le fufɔfɔ me kple le ɖeviwo me le teƒesiwo heɖe megbe le ŋgɔdonyawo me le ɣeɣeame.[12] Be woana nuɖuɖu amesiwo wohia wu la nuɖuɖua tsɔtsɔ na kple ga nana be amewo ateŋu aƒle nuɖuɖu le woŋutɔ ƒe asime nyo ŋutɔ.[11][13] Nuɖuɖu nana amewo le suku ko mede o.[11] Malnutrition sesietɔ ƒe dada le aƒe me kpeɖe ready-to-use therapeutic foods ŋu le bɔbɔe ɣesiayi.[12] Ame siwo le malnutrition sesietɔ kpeɖe dɔlele bubuwo ŋu la, elebe woaxɔ dɔdada le kɔdzi.[12] Esia kuɖe asitɔtrɔ le low blood sugar, body temperature, dehydration, kple edziedzi nuɖuɖu.[12][14] antibioticwo zaza edziedzi hia ɖe infection kpɔkpɔ ta.[14]Ŋugɔgbe mɔnu aɖewoe nye: agbledede mɔnuwo dzi tutuɖo,[15] kotɔnyenye dzi ɖeɖe, tutuɖe sanitation, kple empowerment of women.[11]

Le 2010 me la, ame million 925 undernourished woe le xexeame, eye ame million 80 kpeɖeŋu tso ƒe 1990.[16][17] Wobui be vitaminwo kple nunyiamewo me le ame billion bubuwo si o.[11] Le ƒe 2010 me la, wobui be protein-energy malnutrition he ame 600,000 ɖe ku me tso ku abe 883,000 le ƒe 1990.[18] Nunyiame manɔamesi bubuwo abe iodine deficiency kple iron deficiency anemia, ame abe 84,000 bubu geɖe ɖe ku me.[18] Vaseɖe ƒe 2010 dzi la, Undernutrition hea 1.4% na disability adjusted life years va nɛ.[11][19] Abe akpa etɔ mama na ekuwo kata tso undernutrition gbɔ; gake, zigeɖee womebune nenema o.[5]Le ƒe 2010 me la, eyae he nyɔnuwo kple ɖeviwo ƒe ku abe mellion 1.5 [20] gake wobuibbe xexlemea wu ame million 3.[12] Ɖeviwo abe million 165 le stunted growth tso dɔlelea me.[12] Undernutrition bɔ le dukɔsiwo ŋgɔ yiyi me bɔ ɖo o.[21]

Referensiwo

[trɔ asi le eŋu | trɔ asi le etsoƒe ŋu]
  1. ↑ "malnutrition" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Facts for life (PDF) (4th ed. ed.). New York: United Nations Children's Fund. 2010. pp. 61 and 75. ISBN 978-92-806-4466-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-12. Retrieved 2015-10-14.  |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Young, E.M. (2012). Food and development. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. pp. 36–38. ISBN 9781135999414. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Essentials of International Health. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2011. p. 194. ISBN 9781449667719. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health". WHO. Retrieved 4 July 2014. 
  6. ↑ Konje, editor, Mala Arora ; co-editor, Justin C. (2007). Recurrent pregnancy loss (2nd ed. ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers. ISBN 9788184480061. 
  7. ↑ "Progress For Children: A Report Card On Nutrition" (PDF). UNICEF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2015-10-14. 
  8. ↑ Prentice, editor-in-chief, Benjamin Caballero ; editors, Lindsay Allen, Andrew (2005). Encyclopedia of human nutrition (2nd ed. ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. p. 68. ISBN 9780080454283. 
  9. ↑ Stoelting's anesthesia and co-existing disease (6th ed. ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier. 2012. p. 324. ISBN 9781455738120. 
  10. ↑ editors, Ronnie A. Rosenthal, Michael E. Zenilman, Mark R. Katlic, (2011). Principles and practice of geriatric surgery (2nd ed. ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 78. ISBN 9781441969996. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 "An update of ‘The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: Evidence for Action’" (PDF). www.gov.uk. Department for International Development. Oct 2012. Retrieved 5 July 2014. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Bhutta, ZA; Das, JK; Rizvi, A; Gaffey, MF; Walker, N; Horton, S; Webb, P; Lartey, A; Black, RE; Lancet Nutrition Interventions Review, Group; Maternal and Child Nutrition Study, Group (Aug 3, 2013). "Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost?". Lancet 382 (9890): 452–77. PMID 23746776. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60996-4. 
  13. ↑ "World Food Programme, Cash and Vouchers for Food" (PDF). WFP.org. April 2012. Retrieved 5 July 2014. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Guidelines for the inpatient treatment of severely malnourished children. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2003. ISBN 9241546093.  |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
  15. ↑ Jonathan A. Foley, Navin Ramankutty, Kate A. Brauman, Emily S. Cassidy, James S. Gerber, Matt Johnston, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Christine O’Connell, Deepak K. Ray, Paul C. West, Christian Balzer, Elena M. Bennett, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jason Hill1, Chad Monfreda, Stephen Polasky1, Johan Rockström, John Sheehan, Stefan Siebert, David Tilman1, David P. M. Zaks (October 2011). "Solutions for a cultivated planet". Nature 478 (7369): 337–342. PMID 21993620. doi:10.1038/nature10452. 
  16. ↑ "Xexeame godoo ƒe dɔwuame nu le ɖeɖem kpɔtɔ, gake edzitsotso ƒe didiwo nu le sesem" (PDF). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. September 2010. Retrieved 1 July 2014. 
  17. ↑ Food; (FAO), Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2008). The state of food insecurity in the world, 2008 : high food prices and food security : threats and opportunities. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). p. 2. ISBN 978-92-5-106049-0. FAO ƒe bu amesiwo dɔ wu na [actually, malnourished] ƒe ɣeɣleme abe million 923 le ƒe 2007, esia dzi ɖe edzi abe million 80 tso 1990–92 ƒe ɣeyiyi me. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K; et al. (December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. PMID 23245604. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. 
  19. ↑ Murray, CJ (Dec 15, 2012). "Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2197–223. PMID 23245608. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4. 
  20. ↑ Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD; et al. (December 2012). "A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet 380 (9859): 2224–60. PMID 23245609. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8. 
  21. ↑ Liz Young (2002). World Hunger Routledge Introductions to Development. p. 20. ISBN 9781134774944. 
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