Kyber and Dilithium

These lectures describe Kyber (ML-KEM) and Dilithium (ML-DSA), the quantum-safe lattice-based key encapsulation and signature schemes that were recently standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

Learning outcomes

On successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

  1. Understand how the Kyber public-key encryption scheme and Kyber key encapsulation mechanism work.
  2. Understand how the Dilithium signature scheme works.
  3. Appreciate the many optimizations that were incorporated to facilitate fast implementations, and to reduce key sizes, ciphertext sizes, and signature signatures.
  4. Read the FIPS 203 and FIPS 204 standards, and fully understand them including the technical details that were omitted from the lectures.
Bilibili lectures

Full Playlist (thanks to Zijie Lu and Brandon Shi for uploading the videos to Bilibili)


YouTube Lectures

Full Playlist

V1: Introduction

V2: The Kyber PKE and KEM

V3: The Dilithium signature scheme

V4: Number-Theoretic Transform (NTT)


Additional Material

Lecture slides