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Past topics in the series have already explored complex and important issues like ticks and Lyme disease, olfaction and emerging vector borne diseases in Europe. Going forward, the series will explore state-of-the-art thinking and science, including game changing technologies and interventions, based on molecular biology and genetics, digital technology and artificial intelligence, study design for efficient and robust evaluation of control tools, social science and the need for multisectoral collaboration. The series will also be tackling some of the biggest issues, including the environment and minimising the use of toxic insecticides, and exploring how climate change and the concept of planetary health, will impact on vector ecology and control.
The importance of vector control
Vector borne diseases account for 17% of all infectious diseases worldwide, causing 700,000 deaths annually. Although we have made significant progress towards understanding vector biology and ecology, vector control is facing many significant challenges. Current control almost entirely relies on insecticides and insecticide-treated bed nets, but many vector species have now developed resistance to insecticides and there is a significant dearth of alternative compounds. As a result of climate change, vectors are expanding their range and we face an ever-increasing and unpredictable threat of outbreaks with possible outcomes we don’t fully understand. Malaria control is at a standstill. There are almost 100 million cases of dengue each year, with more than 3.9 billion people in more than 128 countries at risk. The Zika virus epidemic in 2015, was a wakeup call.
It is time for a revolution in vector control. We need to heighten our understanding of vector biology and ecology and we need a new generation of innovative and novel technologies for vector control that can be implemented quickly. This will include challenging the status quo, pushing boundaries and evaluating and implementing new tools more efficiently.
What we can do
We are living in an exciting point in history. Science has advanced such that we can not only think beyond conventional control methods, new and exciting technologies are on the horizon and have the capacity to transform the vector control landscape. Wiping out vector borne diseases could be a reality in our lifetime.
As scientists continue to innovate and develop better methods in molecular biology, we are beginning to unravel elements of vector biology and ecology that allow the development of potential game changing tools such as gene drive, including CRISPR and Wolbachia. As technology becomes smaller, smarter and more affordable, we are facing a future where the sort of technologies you might have only imagined could be possible in sci-fi movies, is now becoming a reality. Drones are being developed that seek out breeding sites, solar powered traps are being developed with automated vector identification technologies using machine learning. Although there are significant hurdles to overcome, we have the capacity to collect data on a scale never seen before and model it for evidence-based predictions to respond to disease outbreaks. It is probably one of the most exciting times for vector researchers with opportunities to be profoundly impactful.
The following specific aims have been stated by ECVPH in their constitution as being associated with the Veterinary Public Health field:
a) the quality of animal health care and welfare by making available specialized knowledge and skills in the subspecialities of population medicine and food science to the benefit of animals
b) the quality of veterinary practice through contacts of general practitioners with registered specialists
c) the structure of animal health care through enhancing the application of formal risk assessment procedures, quantitative problem analysis methods, systems of monitoring and surveillance at population level, food safety and process quality management systems
d) the knowledge and perception of veterinarians, livestock owners, food processing industries and the general public
e) consumer protection with regard to prevention and control of foodborne hazards and food hygiene procedures
f) the further development of veterinary public health and its subspecialities (population medicine and food science)
g) the integrated, multidisciplinary approach towards analysis, control and prevention of hazards to human and animal health
Books in this book series appear irregular.