• Introduction
• Reading the data
  • Python
  • Java
• Metadata
  • WikipediaNLP
  • OPIEC
• Citation
• OPIEC usage

OPIEC is an Open Information Extraction (OIE) corpus, consisted of more than 341M triples extracted from the entire English Wikipedia. Each triple from the corpus is consisted of rich meta-data: each token from the subj/obj/rel along with NLP annotations (POS tag, NER tag, ...), provenance sentence along with the dependency parse, original (golden) links from Wikipedia, sentence order, space/time, etc (for more detailed explanation of the meta-data, see here).

There are two major corpora released with OPIEC:

1. OPIEC: an OIE corpus containing hundreds of millions of triples.
2. WikipediaNLP: the entire English Wikipedia with NLP annotations.

For more details concerning the construction, analysis and statistics of the corpus, read the AKBC paper "OPIEC: An Open Information Extraction Corpus". To download the data and get additional resources, please visit the project page. To use the code for the construction of the pipeline, please visit the GitHub repository OPIEC-pipeline.

The data is stored in avro format. For details about the metadata, see here. To read the data, you need the avroschema file found in the directory avroschema; more specifically TripleLinked.avsc and WikiArticleLinkedNLP.avsc for OPIEC and WikipediaNLP respectively.

There are two corpora that you can read: OPIEC and WikipediaNLP. For reading OPIEC, see src/main/py3/read_articles_from_avro_demo.py:

from avro.datafile import DataFileReader
from avro.io import DatumReader
import pdb 

AVRO_SCHEMA_FILE = "../../../avro/TripleLinked.avsc"
AVRO_FILE = "../../../data/triples.avro"
reader = DataFileReader(open(AVRO_FILE, "rb"), DatumReader())
for triple in reader:
    print(triple)
    # use triple.keys() to see every field in the schema (it's a dictionary)
    pdb.set_trace()
reader.close()

Similarly, for reading WikipediaNLP, see src/main/py3/read_articles_from_avro_demo.py:

from avro.datafile import DataFileReader
from avro.io import DatumReader
import pdb 

AVRO_SCHEMA_FILE = "../../../avroschema/WikiArticleLinkedNLP.avsc"
AVRO_FILE = "../../../data/articles.avro" # edit this line
reader = DataFileReader(open(AVRO_FILE, "rb"), DatumReader())
for article in reader:
    print(article['title'])
    # use article.keys() to see every field in the schema (it's a dictionary)
    pdb.set_trace()

reader.close()

There are two corpora that you can read: OPIEC and WikipediaNLP. For reading OPIEC, see src/main/java/de/uni_mannheim/ReadTriplesAvro.java:

package de.uni_mannheim;

import avroschema.linked.TripleLinked;
import org.apache.avro.file.DataFileReader;
import org.apache.avro.io.DatumReader;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ReadTriplesAvro {
    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
        File f = new File("data/triples.avro");
        DatumReader<TripleLinked> userDatumReader = new SpecificDatumReader<>(TripleLinked.class);
        DataFileReader<TripleLinked> dataFileReader = new DataFileReader<>(f, userDatumReader);

        while (dataFileReader.hasNext()) {
            // Debugging variables
            TripleLinked triple = dataFileReader.next();
            System.out.print("Processing triple: " + triple.getTripleId());
        }
    }
}

Similarly, for reading WikipediaNLP, see src/main/java/de/uni_mannheim/ReadArticlesAvro.java:

package de.uni_mannheim;

import avroschema.linked.WikiArticleLinkedNLP;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.avro.file.DataFileReader;
import org.apache.avro.io.DatumReader;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader;

public class ReadArticlesAvro {
    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
        File f = new File("data/articles.avro");
        DatumReader<WikiArticleLinkedNLP> userDatumReader = new SpecificDatumReader<>(WikiArticleLinkedNLP.class);
        DataFileReader<WikiArticleLinkedNLP> dataFileReader = new DataFileReader<>(f, userDatumReader);

        while (dataFileReader.hasNext()) {
            WikiArticleLinkedNLP article = dataFileReader.next();
            System.out.println("Processing article: " + article.getTitle());
        }
    }
}

There are two corpora that we are releasing: OPIEC and WikipediaNLP. In this section, the metadata for the two corpora are described.

WikipediaNLP is the NLP annotation corpus for the English Wikipedia. Each object is a Wikipedia article containing:

• Title: the title of the article.
• ID: the ID of the article.
• URL: the URL of the article.
• Text: the whole clean text of the article's content (excluding tables, infoboxes, etc.).
• Links: all the original links within the article. For each link there is the offset begin/end index of the link within the article, the original phrase of the link, and the link itself.
• SentenceLinked: The sentence itself contains 4 major metadata:
  1. Sentence ID: the ID of the sentence (which is also the index of the sentence within the article).
  2. Span: the span of the sentence within the Wikipedia page.
  3. Dependency parse: the dependency parse of the sentence.
  4. Tokens: the sentence is represented as a list of tokens, each containing their own metadata (see "Tokens metadata" below).
• Tokens metadata: each token contains NLP annotations:
  • Word: the original word of the token.
  • Lemma: the lemma of the word.
  • POS tag: the POS tag of the token.
  • Index: the index of the token from within the sentence. Indexing starts from 1 (e.g. "Index: 2" means that the token is the second word in the sentence).
  • Span: the span indices from within the article (has beginning and end index).
  • NER: the named entity type according to Stanford Named Entity Recognizer (NER). Possible types: PERSON, LOCATION, ORGANIZATION, MONEY, PERCENT, DATE, NUMBER, DURATION, TIME, SET, ORDINAL, QUANTITY, MISC and O (meaning - "no entity type detected").
  • WikiLink: contains offset begin/end index of the link within the article, the original phrase of the link, and the link itself.

Each OIE triple in OPIEC contains the following metadata:

• Triple ID: Each triple has unique ID composed of 4 parts: "Wiki_" + Wikipedia article ID + "_" + sentence index + "_" + triple index. For example, suppose we have the triple ID: Wiki_5644_2_5 -- this means that the triple comes from the Wikipedia article having an ID 5644, comes from the 3rd sentence in the article (2+1 - here indexing starts from 0), and it is the 5th extraction from this sentence (here indexing starts from 1).
• Article ID: Article ID of the Wikipedia article where the triple was extracted from.
• Sentence: The provenance sentence where the triple was extracted from. For more details for the sentence metadata, see "SentenceLinked" metadata description in WikipediaNLP.
• Sentence number: the order of the sentence from within the Wikipedia page (e.g. if "Sentence number: 3", then this sentence is the 3rd sentence witin the Wikipedia article).
• Polarity: The polarity of the triple (either positive or negative).
• Negative words: Words indicating negative polarity (e.g. not, never, ...).
• Modality: The modality of the triple (either possibility or certainty).
• Certainty/Possibility words: Certainty/Possibility words (as token objects).
• Attribution: Attribution of the triple (if found) including attribution phrase, predicate, factuality, space and time.
• Quantities: Quantities in the triple (if found).
• Subject/Relation/Object: Lists of tokens with linguistic annotations for subject, predicate, and object of the triple.
• Dropped words: To minimize the triple and make it more compact, MinIE sometimes drops words considered to be semantically redundant words (e.g., determiners). All dropped words are stored here.
• Time: Temporal annotations, containing information about TIMEX3 type, TIMEX3 xml, disambiguated temporal expression, original core words of the temporal expression, pre-modifiers/post-modifiers of the core words and temporal predicate.
• Space: Spatial annotations, containing information about the original spatial words, the pre/post-modifiers and the spatial predicate.
• Time/Space for phrases: Information about the temporal annotation on phrases. This annotation contains: 1) modified word: head word of the constituent being modified, and 2) temporal/spatial words modifying the phrase.
• Confidence score: The confidence score of the triple.
• Canonical links: Canonical links for all links within the triple (follows redirections).
• Extraction type: Either one of the clause types listed in ClausIE (SVO, SVA, . . . ), or one of the implicit extractions proposed in MinIE (Hearst patterns, noun phrases modifying persons, . . . ).

If you use any of these corpora, or use the findings from the paper, please cite:

@inproceedings{gashteovski2019opiec,
  title={OPIEC: An Open Information Extraction Corpus},
  author={Gashteovski, Kiril and Wanner, Sebastian and Hertling, Sven and Broscheit, Samuel and Gemulla, Rainer},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Conference on Automatic Knowledge Base Construction (AKBC)},
  year={2019}
}

• "EAL: A Toolkit and Dataset for Entity-Aspect Linking" - JCDL 2019.