Git-CheatSheet

Some of most used git commands

Create empty Git repo in specified directory.
Run with no arguments to initialize the current directory as a git repository.
```
git init [directory]
```
Stage all changes for the next commit.
<args> could be any of:
- . , --all or -A add all files from the current directory.
- <list of files> add specific files
- <list of directories> add all files from specific directories.
```
 git add <args>
```
List which files are staged, unstaged, and untracked.
```
 git status
```
Commit the staged snapshot.
you can use -m <message> as the commit message instead of launching a text editor.
```
 git commit -m <message>
```

Branching

List all of the branches in your repo.
Add a <branch> argument to create a new branch with the name <branch>.
```
git branch
```
Create and check out a new branch named <branch>.
Drop the -b flag to checkout an existing branch.
```
 git checkout -b <branch>
```
Renaming a branch you are currently on
```
 git branch -m <new_branch_name>
```
Renaming a branch without switching over to it
```
git branch -m old_name new_name
```
Delete a branch
```
git branch -d <branch_name>
```
temporarily store the staged and modified files in a kind of a cache, all the while making the working branch directory clean.
```
git stash
```
- restore the stauts of the stashed branch
```
git stash apply
```
Merge <branch> into the current branch.
```
git merge <branch>
```
Rebase current branch onto <base>
```
git rebase <base>
```
Continue with the rebase process, after solving conflicts.
```
git rebase --continue
```
Undo rebase process
```
git rebase --abort
```

Create a new connection to a remote repo. After adding a remote, you can use <name> as a shortcut for <url> in other commands
```
git remote add <name> <url>
```
Push the branch to <remote>, along with necessary commits and objects. Creates named branch in the remote repo if it doesn’t exist.
```
git push <remote> <branch>
```
Clone repo located at <repo> onto local machine. Original repo can be located on the local filesystem or on a remote machine via HTTP or SSH
```
git clone <repo>
```
Cloning a particular branch.
```
git clone --branch <branch> <repo>
```
Shallow cloning. clone the commit history up to a certain point by using the --depth flag. You can change the depth number according to your requirement.
```
git clone <repo> --depth 1
```
Fetches a specific branch, without affect your local codebase and updates, from the repo. Leave off <branch> to fetch all remote refs.
```
git fetch <remote> <branch>
```
Fetch the specified remote’s copy of <branch> and immediately merge it into the local copy.
```
git pull <remote> <branch>
```

Reset staging area to match most recent commit.
```
 git reset
```
Remove <list of files> from the staging area, but leave the working directory unchanged.
This unstages files without overwriting any changes.
```
 git reset <list of files>
```
Undo the last commit
there are five modes [ soft, hard, mixed, merge, keep] work as follows:
- --soft remove the last commit from the current branch, but the file changes will stay in your working tree, Also the changes will stay on your index.
- --mixed the default mode and quite similar to --soft; keep the changes in your working tree but not on the index;
- --hard lose all uncommited changes and all untracked files
- [ --keep, --merge] to be continued.
```
 git reset <mode> head~1
```
Create new commit that undoes all of the changes made in <commit>, then apply it to the current branch.
```
git revert <commit>
```

Display the entire commit history using the default format.
```
 git log
```
Limit number of commits by . E.g. git log -5 will limit to 5 commits.
```
 git log -<limit>
```
Condense each commit to a single line.
```
 git log --oneline
```

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