Syria

On December 8, 2024, a coalition of armed opposition groups led by Hay’et Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) overthrew the government of Bashar al-Assad, ending over 50 years of Baath party rule in Syria. Accountability and justice for abuses under the al-Assad government require urgent collection and safeguarding of evidence, including from mass grave sites and government records and archives. The current caretaker government is dominated by HTS, which is also responsible for human rights abuses and war crimes. In northeast Syria, clashes persist between the Türkiye-backed Syrian National Army and the US backed Kurdish-led forces. Severe economic and humanitarian challenges and ongoing mass displacement continue to strain Syrians as the country seeks to rebuild and chart a new future.

Arms

April 8, 2025
Report
Syria: Landmines, Explosive Remnants Harming Civilians
Middle East/North Africa

March 25, 2025
News Release
Syria: Constitutional Declaration Risks Endangering Rights
European Union

Closed shops, bread lines, neighborhoods reduced to rubble for over a decade, residents recovering from years of war and trauma — this is what Human Rights Watch researchers saw on recent visits to Damascus, our first in 15 years. While Syrians spoke of their hopes for a better future following the overthrow of Bashar al-Assad’s government in December, fear was also palpable, particularly among minorities and those vulnerable to retaliation, and they left with a sense of foreboding about what could be coming next.

March 25, 2025
Commentary
EU’s Chance to Support a Better Future for Syrians

Philippe Dam

EU Director, Advocacy

Published in: euronews

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Opening Title

A New Chance in Life

Text on screen

Yunus, 8 years old, France

Yunus (in French)

I play football, go to music lessons, and I’m going to be a veterinarian when I grow up.

Voice Over

Yunus was among thousands of children unlawfully detained in camps in northeast Syria for Islamic State (ISIS) suspects and their family members.

He’s been living with his grandparents in France for the past two and a half years.

Yunus’s grandmother (in French)

My grandson has settled in very well at school, he has friends, he is good at math and very curious. Interested in all subjects.

Voice Over

Yunus was held in al-Hol, the main detention camp. His mother was killed in an airstrike in 2018 and his father is imprisoned in northeast Syria.

Al-Hol and Roj camps unlawfully detain nearly 40,000 foreign women and children from around 60 countries.

Eighty percent of the children are under age 12. They live in life-threatening conditions. Hundreds of children have died from preventable diseases, accidents, and camp violence, including attacks by ISIS supporters.

All governments with nationals detained in northeast Syria should urgently ensure they can return home, giving priority to children and their mothers.

Human Rights Watch contacted family members, caregivers, social workers and psychologists for repatriated children in seven countries. Respondents said that most of the children are doing well.

They are enjoying school and making new friends. Some are at the top of their class.

Text on Screen

Ibrahim, 9 years old, Kazakhstan

Voice Over

Ibrahim returned to Kazakhstan with his mother in 2019.

Voiced by Actor

He enjoys dancing and scootering. He is joyful, open and self-confident.

Voice Over

Some repatriated children live with their grandparents or other extended family members. Despite the challenges they have experienced, our research found that with proper support, now many can fully enjoy their childhood.

Text on Screen

Sarah, 6 years old, Sweden

Voice Over

Sarah and her siblings returned to Sweden after their parents were killed in Syria. Now they live with foster families, but visit their grandfather regularly.

Patricio Galvez

Grandfather of seven repatriated children

My 6-year-old granddaughter loves to use her hands and her imagination for artistic creativity. The recovery of the children is fully possible. My grandchildren are the proof of that. They have had an amazing recovery.

The key to this is a quick and safe repatriation to their countries. All children should have the opportunity to get a new chance in life.

Reports

More reports

April 8, 2025 Report

Syria: Landmines, Explosive Remnants Harming Civilians

Government, Donors Should Urgently Support Clearance, Education, Assistance
November 7, 2024 Report

Beyond Burning

The Ripple Effects of Incendiary Weapons and Increasing Calls for International Action
October 30, 2024 Report

Syrians Fleeing Lebanon Risk Repression Upon Return

Arrests, Torture, Deaths in Custody Persist
October 2, 2024 Report

Northeast Syria: Military Recruitment of Children Persists

No Action by de Facto Authorities Against Kurdish Youth Group