Beth Branch is an Editorial Assistant at Country Living Magazine as well as an avid foodie with a passion for baking and photography."},"@context":"http://schema.org","about":{"@type":"ItemList","numberOfItems":40,"itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Butter Pie with Quilt Top Crust","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-1","description":"Move over pumpkin pie! Apple lovers, try an apple butter pie this year in place of your usual apple. Then top it with a pie crust quilt design for extra cozy, country charm. Get the recipe for Apple Butter Pie with Quilt Top Crust.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-desserts-apple-butter-pie-66e35be9a3a7b.jpg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Fried Apple Hand Pies","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-2","description":"These hand pies are inspired by Woodruff’s Pie Shop in Monroe, Virginia. Their apple pie is renowned. A hint of lemon renders a fruity filling that tastes as crisp as a sun-dappled afternoon. They're equally delicious still warm, or cooled and packed up as a picnic snack.Get the recipe for Fried Apple Hand Pies.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-desserts-fried-apple-hand-pies-66e3575fb62d1.jpg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Brown Butter Apple Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-3","description":"Brown butter pairs with a mix of baking apples in this double-crust dish to evoke a nostalgic, caramel apple-like flavor.Get the recipe for Brown Butter Apple Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-browned-butter-pie-64cc1cab0b3a2.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Cider Donut Bundt Cake","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-4","description":"There's nothing like a fresh apple cider donut dipped into a hot cup of coffee, usually bought right after apple-picking. Put this bundt cake out when guests come over and watch slice after slice disappear. Get the recipe for Apple Cider Donut Bundt Cake.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-donut-cake-1663002608.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Caramel Apple Turnovers","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-5","description":"These easy apple turnovers make a great dessert—all you need is a scoop of ice cream!Get the recipe for Caramel Apple Turnovers.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-caramel-turnovers-1663165155.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Maple Apple Tarte Tatin","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-6","description":"This classic French apple dessert is a stunning step up from your standard pie. Sunday suppers are better with this caramelized apple treat.Get the recipe for Maple Apple Tarte Tatin.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-maple-tarte-tatin-1663009868.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":7,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Pie Cookies","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-7","description":"Apple pie wishes it could be as cute as these cookies! If you're looking for a fun and kid-friendly twist on the classic fall pie, this is it. Get the recipe for Apple Pie Cookies.RELATED: 45 of Our Favorite Fall Cookies Recipes","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-pie-cookies-64d15a8e8fdaf.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":8,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Salted Caramel-Apple Slab Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-8","description":"With a delicious caramel and apple filling and buttery, flaky homemade pie crust, this slab pie is just begging to be served at your next fall gathering or special occasion! Get the recipe for Salted Caramel-Apple Slab Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-caramel-apple-slab-pie-1663012245.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":9,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Nancy Fuller's Double-Crust Apple-Cheddar Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-9","description":"The sweet, tart flavor of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apples meets the richness of a cheddar cheese crust in this to-die-for apple dessert.Get the recipe for Nancy Fuller's Double-Crust Apple-Cheddar Pie.RELATED: Our Best Apple Pie Recipes to Inspire Your Fall Baking","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-double-crust-pie-1662999879.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":10,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Cast-Iron Apple-Blackberry Crumble with Sour Cream Whip","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-10","description":"The combination of apples, blackberries, and whipped cream is everything you could want in a dessert. Get the recipe for Cast-Iron Apple-Blackberry Crumble.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-blackberry-crumble-1663013089.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":11,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Mini Apple & Raspberry Pies","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-11","description":"These brilliant little treats cook up quickly, and make smart use of your muffin tin. Impress guests at Thanksgiving or fall dinner parties with these sweet, individual pies.Get the recipe for Mini Apple & Raspberry Pies.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-mini-pies-1663000936.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":12,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Blossom Tart","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-12","description":"Pink Lady apples are the star of this eye-catching recipe. With a creamy filling underneath and a crust made of spice cookies holding it all together, this tart is as delicious as it is elegant.Get the recipe for Apple Blossom Tart.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-tart-1663014731.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":13,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":" Mrs. Carter's Skillet Apple Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-13","description":"Cast iron is a great vessel for pies and crisp, flaky pie crusts! This simple apple pie recipe comes from Trisha Yearwood's cookbook Trisha's Table. Get the recipe for Mrs. Carter's Skillet Apple Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-skillet-pie-1663166097.jpg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":14,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Pie-Spiced Apple Fritters","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-14","description":"Serve up these doughy apple-packed treats at your next family gathering, autumn dinner party, and of course, your Thanksgiving feast.Get the recipe for Pie-Spiced Apple Fritters.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-fritters-1663016070.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":15,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple-Cheddar Crumble Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-15","description":"Cheddar in an apple pie? It's more likely than you think! You'll quickly see why these flavors are such a great combination after just one bite. Get the recipe for Apple-Cheddar Crumble Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cheddar-crumble-1663016700.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":16,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Cider Donuts","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-16","description":"Apple cider isn't just for drinking. These doughnuts taste just like they're fresh from the cider mill and make an addictive morning or afternoon snack.Get the recipe for Apple Cider Donuts.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cider-donuts-1663017021.jpg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":17,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Cranberry-Apple Hand Pies","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-17","description":"End any meal or family get-together on a sweet note with this deliciously down-home dessert. Individual hand pies means everyone gets their own personal dessert!Get the recipe for Cranberry-Apple Hand Pies.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cranberry-hand-pie-64d166368ce6b.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":18,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Choose Your Slice","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-18","description":"Apple pie lovers, have we got a treat for you! Whether you're baking for fun or planning your Thanksgiving menu, you can't go wrong with any or all of these! Recipes:Ginger Apple-Walnut Crumble PieApple-Raspberry PieCaramelized Apple CheesecakeBrown Butter Apple Pie with Cheddar Crust","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-choose-your-slice-1663189044.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":19,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Rustic Apple Galette with Butterscotch Sauce","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-19","description":"An apple galette is a classic fall dessert. This rustic version is paired with a butterscotch sauce spiked with Grand Marnier.Get the recipe for Rustic Apple Galette with Butterscotch Sauce.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-galette-1663166584.jpg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":20,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple-Cinnamon Layer Cake with Salted Caramel Frosting","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-20","description":"Apple, cinnamon, and caramel are a match made in heaven. Garnish this sweet apple-cinnamon cake with pecans for an extra crunchy bite.Get the recipe for Apple-Cinnamon Layer Cake with Salted Caramel Frosting.RELATED: The Best Fall Cakes for Any Occasion of the Season","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cinnamon-apple-cake-1663018077.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":21,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Fall Apple Cranberry Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-21","description":"Apples are a favorite fall ingredient. Savor them in a delicious pie that gets a tart twist from cranberries.Get the recipe for Fall Apple Cranberry Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cran-pie-1663018462.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":22,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Crostata","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-22","description":"We love apple pies as much as anyone, but we also love to switch things up! And a delicious way to do that is with this rustic apple crostata that's studded with dried cherries and cranberries and a sprinkle of pepitas on top to finish it off.Get the recipe for Apple Crostata.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-crostata-1663170546.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":23,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Cranberry Apple Crisp","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-23","description":"Add sweet-tart cranberries to your apple crisps for an extra dose of autumn! This crisp is easy to whip up at any time, especially if you keep a batch of the topping stashed in your pantry!Get the recipe for Cranberry Apple Crisp.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cranberry-crisp-1663085056.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":24,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"All-American Apple Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-24","description":"You can't go wrong with a classic! The tart taste and firm texture of Granny Smith apples make this a robust, flavorful pie that isn't overly sweet.Get the recipe for All American Apple Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-all-american-pie-1663019816.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":25,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple-Cheese Danish","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-25","description":"Straight from your grocer's freezer, the dough for this sweet-and-savory, apple-cheese danish rises to the occasion — no flour, food processor, or kneading required.Get the recipe for Apple-Cheese Danish.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cheese-danish-1663081980.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":26,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple-Cardamom Cakes","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-26","description":"Applesauce keeps these miniature apple cakes moist and flavorful without adding fat. Drizzled with apple glaze, they are picnic-perfect.Get the recipe for Apple-Cardamom Cakes.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-cardamom-cakes-1663083434.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":27,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple-Oat Crisp","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-27","description":"If you're looking for a healthier apple dessert, this crisp works well with either tart Granny Smith apples or the sweeter Golden Delicious variety. Both hold their shape nicely when baked.Get the recipe for Apple-Oat Crisp.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-oat-crisp-1663087217.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":28,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Gingered Sweet Potato and Apple Cobbler","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-28","description":"If you've ever wondered what it might taste like to combine a sweet potato casserole and an apple cobbler, this recipe is for you! With spicy sweet potatoes and syrupy apples, this dessert is a combo of all your favorite fall treats. Get the recipe for Gingered Sweet Potato and Apple Cobbler.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-sweet-potato-cobbler-1663170959.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":29,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Farmhouse Apple Pie","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-29","description":"Combining apple varieties—such as Northern Spies with Newtowns, or Granny Smiths with Braeburns—enhances the flavor. No matter which apples you choose, this pie is sure to be delicious.Get the recipe for Traditional Apple Pie.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-traditional-pie-1663250197.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":30,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Pumpkin Shortcakes with Cinnamon Apples and Maple Whipped Cream Cheese","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-30","description":"These aren't your average shortcakes! Fluffy pumpkin biscuits are layered with cooked cinnamon apples and whipped cream cheese for an over the top fall treat.Get the recipe for Pumpkin Shortcakes with Cinnamon Apples and Maple Whipped Cream Cheese at Pinch of Yum.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-pumpkin-shortcakes-1663257869.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":31,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Salted Caramel Apple Crisp","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-31","description":"The only way to serve this decadent apple recipe? With a scoop of vanilla ice cream, of course!Get the recipe for Salted Caramel Apple Crisp at Baker by Nature.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-caramel-crisp-1663250506.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":32,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Oatmeal Stuffed Baked Apples","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-32","description":"If you're not stuffing your baked apples with delicious oatmeal, you need to start now! Sprinkle with toasted hazelnuts and drizzle with maple browned butter for an indulgent treat.Get the recipe for Oatmeal Stuffed Baked Apples at How Sweet Eats.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-baked-apples-1663172980.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":33,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Hand Pies","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-33","description":"The best thing about these individual pies? The smaller size means won't feel a bit of guilt enjoying one. (Or two, or three!)Get the recipe for Apple Hand Pies at Sally's Baking Addiction.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-hand-pies-1663251631.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":34,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Crisp Cookie Cups","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-34","description":"You'll taste sweet apples, rich caramel, and oatmeal cookies in every bite of this satisfying dessert.Get the recipe for Apple Crisp Cookie Cups at Delish.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-crisp-cookie-cups-1663252859.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":35,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Mini Caramel Apple Cheesecakes","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-35","description":"These creamy cheesecakes will satisfy your sweet tooth in just a few caramel-filled bites.Get the recipe for Mini Caramel Apple Cheesecakes at The Girl Who Ate Everything.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-mini-cheesecakes-1663253006.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":36,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Easy Caramel Apple Puff Pastries","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-36","description":"These little puff pastries are fun for a fall gathering! Serve them with a scoop of ice cream as a sweet after-dinner treat, or serve them with cups of coffee as tasty breakfast. Get the recipe for Easy Caramel Apple Puff Pastries at Butter Be Ready.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-puff-pastry-tarts-1663171388.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":37,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Apple Crumble Bars","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-37","description":"What if we told you that you could have these Apple Crumb Bars in front of you in under an hour, including prep and bake time? It's true! They're warm, cozy, and ready and ready in no time. Get the recipe for Apple Crumble Bars at Simply LaKita. ","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-crumb-bars-1663189743.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":38,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Brown Butter Apple Blondies with Cinnamon Maple Glaze","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-38","description":"These soft and gooey apple blondies are filling with warm spices and topped with a dreamy maple and cinnamon glaze. Imagine snacking on one of these with your afternoon coffee!Get the recipe for Brown Butter Apple Blondies at Half Baked Harvest.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-blondies-1663256058.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":39,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Easy Apple Crisp","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-39","description":"This apple crisp is bursting with comforting fall spices and covered with a buttery, crunchy oat topping. Serve warm with ice cream!Get the recipe for Easy Apple Crisp at Butter Be Ready.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipe-easy-crisp-1663171547.jpeg"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":40,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Slow Cooker Apple Pear Crisp","url":"https://www.countryliving.com/food-drinks/g975/apple-dessert-recipes/#slide-40","description":"That's right—this seasonal and delicious crisp is made right in your slow cooker! After minimal prep time, sit back and let it fill your kitchen with the scent of cozy spices and fresh apples and pears. Get the recipe for Slow Cooker Apple Pear Crisp at Damn Delicious.","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/apple-dessert-recipes-slow-cooker-crisp-1663251178.jpeg"}}]}}
When autumn rolls around, we can't help but get excited for all things apple baking! The comforting aroma of a homemade pie baking in the oven, the smell of sweet cinnamon and cozy spices in the air, and warm baked goods cooling on the counter are just a few of our favorite things about fall.
From picking your own apples at an orchard or buying a bushel at the farmers market, we've got plenty of desserts for you to make all autumn long! You're going to want to save our basic pie dough recipe, get to know your apple varieties, and don't forget to stock up on cinnamon!
We've rounded up some of our favorite apple dessert recipes to put those delicious autumn gems to good use. In this list you’ll find everything from pastries and cakes to cookies and crisps, plus some fun new spins on everyone's favorite classic pie.
Move over pumpkin pie! Apple lovers, try an apple butter pie this year in place of your usual apple. Then top it with a pie crust quilt design for extra cozy, country charm.
These hand pies are inspired by Woodruff’s Pie Shop in Monroe, Virginia. Their apple pie is renowned. A hint of lemon renders a fruity filling that tastes as crisp as a sun-dappled afternoon. They're equally delicious still warm, or cooled and packed up as a picnic snack.
There's nothing like a fresh apple cider donut dipped into a hot cup of coffee, usually bought right after apple-picking. Put this bundt cake out when guests come over and watch slice after slice disappear.
With a delicious caramel and apple filling and buttery, flaky homemade pie crust, this slab pie is just begging to be served at your next fall gathering or special occasion!
These brilliant little treats cook up quickly, and make smart use of your muffin tin. Impress guests at Thanksgiving or fall dinner parties with these sweet, individual pies.
Pink Lady apples are the star of this eye-catching recipe. With a creamy filling underneath and a crust made of spice cookies holding it all together, this tart is as delicious as it is elegant.
Apple cider isn't just for drinking. These doughnuts taste just like they're fresh from the cider mill and make an addictive morning or afternoon snack.
End any meal or family get-together on a sweet note with this deliciously down-home dessert. Individual hand pies means everyone gets their own personal dessert!
Apple pie lovers, have we got a treat for you! Whether you're baking for fun or planning your Thanksgiving menu, you can't go wrong with any or all of these!
