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현재 891,832개의 문서가 있습니다.

위키생물종은 무료입니다. 왜냐하면 생명은 이미 퍼블릭 도메인이기 때문입니다!

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협력

위키생물종과 주키스(ZooKeys) 사이의 협력이 공표되었습니다. 2010년 11월에 파이투키스(PhytoKeys)도 협력에 동참했습니다. 주키스 및 파이투키스의 생물종 영상이 위키미디어 공용에 올려졌으며 위키생물종에서 사용할 수 있습니다.

저명한 생물학자

Mary Agnes Chase
1869–1963. Standard IPNI form: Chase

Mary Agnes Chase, née Merrill, was an American botanist who worked at the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Smithsonian Institution. She is considered one of the world's outstanding agrostologists and is known for her work on the study of grasses, and also for her work as a suffragist. Chase was born in Iroquois County, Illinois and held no formal education beyond grammar school. That aside, she made significant contributions to the field of botany, authored over 70 scientific publications, and was conferred with an honorary doctorate in science from the University of Illinois. She specialized in the study of grasses and conducted extensive field work in North- as well as and South America. Her Smithsonian Field Books collection from 1897 to 1959 is archived in the Smithsonian Institution Archives.

In 1901, Chase became a botanical assistant at the Field Museum of Natural History under Charles Frederick Millspaugh, where her work was featured in two museum publications: Plantae Utowanae (1900) and Plantae Yucatanae (1904). Two years later, Chase joined the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as a botanical illustrator and eventually became a scientific assistant in systematic agrostology (1907), assistant botanist (1923), and associate botanist (1925), all under Albert Spear Hitchcock. Chase worked with Hitchcock for almost twenty years, collaborating closely and also publishing, for instance The North American Species of Panicum (1910).

Following Hitchcock's death in 1936, Chase succeeded him to become senior botanist in charge of systematic agrostology and custodian of the Section of Grasses, Division of Plants at the United States National Museum (USNM). Chase retired from the USDA in 1939, but continued her work as custodian of the USNM grass herbarium until her death in 1963. She was an Honorary Fellow of the Smithsonian Institution (1959) and Fellow of the Linnean Society of London (1961). Agnesia is named in her honour (a monotypic genus of herbaceous South American bamboo in the grass family).

Chase experienced discrimination based on her gender in the scientific field, for example, being excluded from expeditions to Panama in 1911 and 1912 because the expedition's benefactors feared the presence of women researchers would distract men. During World War I, Chase marched with Alice Paul and was jailed several times for her activities. In 1918, she was arrested at the Silent Sentinels rally picketing the White House; she refused bail and was held for 10 days, where she instigated a hunger-strike and was force-fed. The USDA accused her of "conduct unbecoming a government employee," but Hitchcock helped her keep her job. Chase was also an active member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

See also: Distinguished authors of previous months.

Species of the month

Asian Weaver Ant

Oecophylla smaragdina

Oecophylla smaragdina

Some facts on this ant:

Length: 5 to 10mm.

Range: Southern India, southeast Asia, and Australia.

Habitat: Found in tropical forests.

Diet: Mainly small insects.

Colony size: More than half a million workers.

Conservation status: Not threatened.

First described: By the Danish entomologist Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775 as Camponotus smaragdinus. Placed in the genus Oecophylla by the English entomologist Frederick Smith in 1860.


Did you ever see thousands of weavers working together in the same place on the same product? If not, you didn't come across Oecophylla smaragdina. These ants build their nests by stitching living tree and shrub leaves together with silk produced by special glands in their larvae. Workers pull the leaves together in position while their comrades bring larvae and gently squeeze them to stimulate silk production. The silk binds the leaves into a nest which can contain up to dozens of leaves. This provides a well camouflaged shelter. Colonies can be extremely large consisting of more than a hundred of these nests spanning numerous trees. The weaver ants are highly territorial and workers aggressively defend their territories against intruders. The genus Oecophylla contains two extant species, the other one being the African Oecophylla longinoda. They belong to the family Formicidae or ants which has 12,500 described species.

(Archived from Template:Species of the week)

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