OFFSET
0,4
COMMENTS
Number of 4-block coverings of an n-set where every element of the set is covered by exactly 3 blocks (if offset is 3), so a(n) = (1/4!)*(4^n-6*2^n+8). - Vladeta Jovovic, Feb 20 2001
Number of non-coprime pairs of polynomials (f,g) with binary coefficients where both f and g have degree n+1 and nonzero constant term. - Luca Mariot and Enrico Formenti, Sep 26 2016
Number of triplets found from the integers 1 to 2^n-1 by converting to binary and performing an XOR operation on the corresponding bits of each pair. Defining addition in this carryless way (0+0=1+1=0, 0+1=1+0=1), each triplet (A,B,C) has the property A+B=C, A+C=B and B+C=A. For example, n=3 gives the 7 triplets (1,2,3), (1,4,5), (1,6,7), (2,4,6), (2,5,7), (3,4,7) and (3,5,6). Each integer appears in the set of triplets 2^(n-1)-1 times, for example 3 for n=3. - Ian Duff, Oct 05 2019
Number of 2-dimensional vector subspaces of (Z_2)^n, so also number of Klein subgroups of the group (C_2)^n. - Robert FERREOL, Jul 28 2021
REFERENCES
J. Goldman and G.-C. Rota, The number of subspaces of a vector space, pp. 75-83 of W. T. Tutte, editor, Recent Progress in Combinatorics. Academic Press, NY, 1969.
I. P. Goulden and D. M. Jackson, Combinatorial Enumeration. Wiley, NY, 1983, p. 99.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
M. Sved, Gaussians and binomials, Ars. Combinatoria, 17A (1984), 325-351.
LINKS
T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
L. Mariot and E. Formenti, The number of coprime/non-coprime pairs of polynomials over F_2 with degree n and nonzero constant term.
Ronald Orozco López, Generating Functions of Generalized Simplicial Polytopic Numbers and (s,t)-Derivatives of Partial Theta Function, arXiv:2408.08943 [math.CO], 2024. See p. 11.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992
A. I. Solomon, C.-L. Ho and G. H. E. Duchamp, Degrees of entanglement for multipartite systems, arXiv preprint arXiv:1205.4958 [quant-ph], 2012. - N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 23 2012
M. Sved, Gaussians and binomials, Ars. Combinatoria, 17A (1984), 325-351. (Annotated scanned copy)
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (7,-14,8).
FORMULA
G.f.: x^2/((1-x)(1-2x)(1-4x)).
a(n) = (2^n - 1)*(2^(n-1) - 1)/3 = 4^n/6 - 2^(n-1) + 1/3.
Row sums of triangle A130324. - Gary W. Adamson, May 24 2007
a(n) = Stirling2(n+1,3) + Stirling2(n+1,4). - Zerinvary Lajos, Oct 04 2007; corrected by R. J. Mathar, Mar 19 2011
a(n) = A139250(2^(n-1) - 1), n >= 1. - Omar E. Pol, Mar 03 2011
a(n) = 4*a(n-1) + 2^(n-1) - 1, n >= 2. - Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 19 2011
a(0) = 0, a(1) = 0, a(2) = 1, a(n) = 7*a(n-1) - 14*a(n-2) + 8*a(n-3). - Harvey P. Dale, Jul 22 2011
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n-2} 2^k*C(2*n-k-2, k), n >= 2. - Johannes W. Meijer, Aug 19 2013
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n-2, j=i..n-2} 2^{i+j} = 2^0 * (2^0 + 2^1 + ... + 2^(n-2)) + 2^1 * (2^1 + 2^2 + ... + 2^(n-2)) + ... + 2^(n-2) * 2^(n-2), n>1. - J. M. Bergot, May 08 2017
E.g.f.: (2*exp(x)-3*exp(2*x)+exp(4*x))/6. - Paul Weisenhorn, Aug 22 2021
MAPLE
a:= n-> add((4^(n-1-j) - 2^(n-1-j))/2, j=0..n-1):
seq(a(n), n=0..24); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jan 04 2007
A006095 := -z^2/(z-1)/(2*z-1)/(4*z-1); # Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation. [adapted to offset 0 by Peter Luschny, Jul 20 2021]
a := n -> (2^n - 2)*(2^n - 1)/6:
seq(a(n), n = 0..24); # Peter Luschny, Jul 20 2021
MATHEMATICA
Join[{a=0, b=0}, Table[c=6*b-8*a+1; a=b; b=c, {n, 60}]] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 06 2011 *)
CoefficientList[Series[x^2/((1-x)(1-2x)(1-4x)), {x, 0, 30}], x] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[{7, -14, 8}, {0, 0, 1}, 30] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 22 2011 *)
(* Next, using elementary symmetric functions *)
f[k_] := 2^(k - 1); t[n_] := Table[f[k], {k, 1, n}]
a[n_] := SymmetricPolynomial[2, t[n]]
Table[a[n], {n, 2, 32}] (* A203235 *)
Table[a[n]/2, {n, 2, 32}] (* A006095 *)
(* Clark Kimberling, Dec 31 2011 *)
Table[QBinomial[n, 2, 2], {n, 0, 24}] (* Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Nov 12 2015 *)
PROG
(Sage) [gaussian_binomial(n, 2, 2) for n in range(0, 25)] # Zerinvary Lajos, May 24 2009
(PARI) a(n) = (2^n - 1)*(2^(n-1) - 1)/3 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 25 2011
(PARI) concat([0, 0], Vec(x^2/((1-x)*(1-2*x)*(1-4*x)) + O(x^50))) \\ Altug Alkan, Nov 12 2015
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy,nice
AUTHOR
STATUS
approved