login
A005721
Central quadrinomial coefficients.
(Formerly M3681)
11
1, 4, 44, 580, 8092, 116304, 1703636, 25288120, 379061020, 5724954544, 86981744944, 1327977811076, 20356299454276, 313095240079600, 4829571309488760, 74683398325804080, 1157402982351003420, 17971185794898859248
OFFSET
0,2
COMMENTS
Sum of squares of entries in the n-th row of triangle of quadrinomial coefficients A008287 (Pascal triangle of order 4). - Adi Dani, Jul 03 2011
Central coefficients in triangle A008287 ((1 + x + x^2 + x^3)^n), see link. - Zagros Lalo, Sep 25 2018
REFERENCES
L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 78.
Shara Lalo and Zagros Lalo, Polynomial Expansion Theorems and Number Triangles, Zana Publishing, 2018, ISBN: 978-1-9995914-0-3, pp. 601, 602.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
LINKS
Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..597 (first 101 terms from T. D. Noe)
Hacène Belbachir and Yassine Otmani, Quadrinomial-Like Versions for Wolstenholme, Morley and Glaisher Congruences, Integers (2023) Vol. 23.
R. K. Guy, editor, Western Number Theory Problems, 1985-12-21 & 23, Typescript, Jul 13 1986, Dept. of Math. and Stat., Univ. Calgary, 11 pages. Annotated scan of pages 1, 3, 7, 9, with permission. See Problem 85:02.
FORMULA
a(n) = A005190(2*n) = A008287(2*n, 3*n).
G.f.: Let Z(x) be a solution of (-1+16*x)*(32*x-27)^2*Z^6+9*(-9+64*x)*(32*x-27)*Z^4+81*(80*x-27)*Z^2+729 = 0, with Z(0)=1. Compute a Puiseux series for Z(x) at x=0, then Z(x) in C[[x^(1/3)]]. Remove all non-integer powers of x. The result is the generating function for A005721. - Mark van Hoeij, Oct 29 2011
G.f.: F(G^(-1)(x)) where F(t) = (t^2-1)*(6*t+t^2+1)^(1/2)/(3*t^3+13*t^2+t-1) and G(t) = t/((t+1)^2*(6*t+t^2+1)). - Mark van Hoeij, Oct 30 2011
From Bradley Klee, Jun 25 2018: (Start)
128*(n-1)*(2*n-3)*(2*n-1)*(5*n-1)*a(n-2) - 8*(2*n-1)*(145*n^3-319*n^2+201*n-30)*a(n-1) + 3*n*(3*n-2)*(3*n-1)*(5*n-6)*a(n) = 0.
G.f. G(x) satisfies a Picard-Fuchs type differential equation, 0 = Sum_{m=0..5, n=0..3} M_{m,n} x^m*(d^n/dx^n G(x)), with integer matrix:
M={{ 24, -6, 0, 0},
{-768, 1488, -54, 0},
{6144, -16128, 2520, -27},
{ 0, 55296, -29568, 896},
{ 0, 0, 49152, -7936},
{ 0, 0, 0, 8192}}(End)
a(n) = sum_{k=0..floor(3n/4)} (-1)^k binomial(2n,k) * binomial(5n-4k-1,3n-4k). - Muniru A Asiru, Sep 26 2018
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} Sum_{j=n..2n}(f); f= ( (2*n)!/((j - n)!*(3*n + i - 2*j)!*(j - 2*i)!*i!) ); f=0 for (3*n + i - 2*j)<0 or (j - 2*i)<0. See also formula in Links section. - Zagros Lalo, Sep 27 2018
MAPLE
F := (t^2-1)*(6*t+t^2+1)^(1/2)/(3*t^3+13*t^2+t-1); G := t/((t+1)^2*(6*t+t^2+1));
Ginv := RootOf(numer(G-x), t); series(eval(F, t=Ginv), x=0, 20);
seq(coeff((1+x+x^2+x^3)^(2*n), x, 3*n), n=0..50); # Robert Israel, Nov 01 2015
MATHEMATICA
Table[Sum[(-1)^k*Binomial[2*n, k]*Binomial[5*n-4*k-1, 3*n-4*k], {k, 0, 3*n/4}], {n, 0, 25}] (* Adi Dani, Jul 03 2011 *)
RecurrenceTable[{128*(n-1)*(2*n-3)*(2*n-1)*(5*n-1)*a[n-2] -8*(2*n-1)*(145*n^3-319*n^2+201*n-30)*a[n-1]+3*n*(3*n-2)*(3*n-1)*(5*n-6)*a[n]==0,
a[0]==1, a[1]==4}, a, {n, 0, 5000}] (* Bradley Klee, Jun 25 2018 *)
a[n_] := a[n] = Sum[(2*n)!/((j - n)!*(3*n + i - 2*j)!*(j - 2*i)!*i!), {i, 0, n}, {j, n, 2*n}]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Zagros Lalo, Sep 25 2018 *)
PROG
(PARI) a(n)={local(v=Vec((1+x+x^2+x^3)^n)); sum(k=1, #v, v[k]^2); }
(PARI) a(n)=sum(k=0, 3*n/4, (-1)^k*binomial(2*n, k)*binomial(5*n-4*k-1, 3*n-4*k));
(PARI) vector(30, n, n--; polcoeff((1+x+x^2+x^3)^(2*n), (6*n)>>1)) \\ Altug Alkan, Nov 01 2015
(GAP) List([0..20], n->Sum([0..Int(3*n/4)], k->(-1)^k*Binomial(2*n, k)*Binomial(5*n-4*k-1, 3*n-4*k))); # Muniru A Asiru, Sep 26 2018
(Magma) [(&+[(-1)^k*Binomial(2*n, k)*Binomial(5*n-4*k-1, 3*n-4*k): k in [0..Floor(3*n/4)]]): n in [0..30]]; // G. C. Greubel, Oct 06 2018
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
STATUS
approved