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hair

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Hair and haïr

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Hair in low gravity.

Etymology

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From Middle English her, heer, hær, from Old English hǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą (“hair”).

Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hier (“hair”), West Frisian hier (“hair”), Dutch haar (“hair”), German Low German Haar (“hair”), German Haar (“hair”), Swedish, Danish and Norwegian hår (“hair”), Icelandic hár (“hair”). Eclipsed non-native Middle English cheveler, chevelere (“hair”), borrowed from Old French chevelëure (“hair, head-hair, coiffure, wig”).

The modern spelling with ai is not a regular representation of the vowel developed from Middle English. Rather, it is from Middle English here (haircloth) influenced by Old French haire.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hair (countable and uncountable, plural hairs) (but usually in singular)

  2. (countable) A pigmented filament of keratin which grows from a follicle on the skin of humans and other mammals.
  3. (uncountable) The collection or mass of such growths growing from the skin of humans and animals, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole body.
    In the western world, women usually have long hair while men usually have short hair.
  4. (zoology, countable) A slender outgrowth from the chitinous cuticle of insects, spiders, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. Such hairs are totally unlike those of vertebrates in structure, composition, and mode of growth.
  5. (botany, countable) A cellular outgrowth of the epidermis, consisting of one or of several cells, whether pointed, hooked, knobbed, or stellated.
    Internal hairs occur in the flower stalk of the yellow frog lily (Nuphar).
  6. (countable) Any slender, flexible outgrowth, filament, or fiber growing or projecting from the surface of an object or organism.
    (uncountable, by extension) The collection or mass of such outgrowths, filaments, or fibers growing or projecting from the surface of an object or organism.
  7. (countable, engineering, firearms) A locking spring or other safety device in the lock of a rifle, etc., capable of being released by a slight pressure on a hair-trigger.
  8. (countable) Any very small distance, or degree; a hairbreadth.
    Just a little louder please—turn that knob a hair to the right.
  9. (slang, uncountable) Complexity; difficulty; the quality of being hairy.
    • January 2014, Barack Obama, quoted in "Going the Distance" by David Remnick, in The New Yorker
      Having said all that, those who argue that legalizing marijuana is a panacea and it solves all these social problems I think are probably overstating the case. There is a lot of hair on that policy.

Usage notes

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  • The word hair is usually used without an article in singular number when it refers to all the hairs on one's head in general. But if it refers to more than one hair, a few hairs, then it takes the plural form with an article and needs a plural verb.
    George has (-) brown hair, but I found a hair on the sofa and suspect he's getting some gray hairs.
    George's hair is brown, but one hair I found was grey, so I think there are probably more grey hairs on his head as well.

Derived terms

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Compound adjectives
Noun phrases and compound nouns
Predicates
Prepositional and other phrases
Unsorted

Collocations

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Collocations
  • Adjectives often applied to "hair": long, short, curly, straight, wavy, dark, blonde, black, brown, red, blue, green, purple, coarse, fine, healthy, damaged, messy, beautiful, perfect, natural, dyed.

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Verb

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hair (third-person singular simple present hairs, present participle hairing, simple past and past participle haired)

  1. (transitive) To remove the hair from.
    • 1808, The Repertory of Patent Inventions, page 90:
      Now know ye, that in compliance with the said proviso, we the said John Cant and John Millar do hereby declare that our said invention of a new method of tanning leather is described in the manner following : that our method of preparing hides and skins by liming, hairing, fleshing, and baiting, is the same as that in use by the most experienced tanners; that is to say: All leather that is to be dressed or curried, we use the operation of what tanners call baiting, for this reason; that the leather when curried should carry a sufficient quantity of oil, and dry a good colour.
    • 1825, American Mechanics' Magazine - Volume 2, page 71:
      By his method raw hides, after hairing and baiting, are converted into leather in less than thirty hours.
    • 1971, Reuben King, Virginia S. Wood, Ralph V. Wood, The Reuben King Journal, 1800-1806, page 49:
      I took 25 hides out of the Lime with Stephens help I haired them and fleshed them
  2. (intransitive) To grow hair (where there was a bald spot).
    • 1863, Yankee-notions - Volume 12, page 312:
      He has haired up and healed over.
    • 1887, National Stockman and Farmer - Volume 11, page 7:
      It has haired over nicely. There are no bad results from it in any way whatever that I can detect.
    • 1992, Hugh Ruppersburg, Georgia Voices: Fiction, page 492:
      The bald patch on his hip was hairing over and he no longer limped.
  3. (transitive) To cause to have or bear hair; to provide with hair
    • 1937, Dyestuffs - Volume 35, Issue 1, page 1:
      THE following classes of fiber are employed for hairing dolls : human hair, mohair, cross-bred wool, horsehair, hog-bristle, unspun cotton. Human hair is only used for hairing dolls of an extremely expensive class.
    • 2014, Lee Karr, Greg Nicotero, The Making of George A. Romero's Day of the Dead:
      So they did three different sculptures and then ran the masks and painted them, haired them, and sent them out to us.
    • 2017, Andy Adams, Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings:
      The winter had haired them like llamas, the sleet had worked no hardship, as a horse paws to the grass, and any concern for the outside saddle stock was needless.
  4. To string the bow for a violin.
    • 1896, Henry Saint-George, The Bow, Its History, Manufacture & Use, page 96:
      The bow is now haired, and all that remains to make it ready for use is to rosin it.
    • 1969, John Alfred Bolander, Violin bow making, page 105:
      The tools used for hairing a bow by various reparimen can be unlimited in their selection. A bowmaker has a different attitude toward hairing than a repairman and this I believe reflects the type of the finished job that is done.
    • 2015, Michael J. Pagliaro, The String Instrument Owner's Handbook, page 108:
      To hair a bow, a hank of horse hair (A) is selected and combed so that all hairs are parallel to each other.

Translations

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Anagrams

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Irish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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hair

  1. h-prothesized form of air

Noun

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hair

  1. h-prothesized form of air

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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hair (plural haires)

  1. Alternative form of her (“hair”)

Etymology 2

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Noun

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hair (plural haires or hairen)

  1. Alternative form of here (“haircloth”)

Etymology 3

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Adjective

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hair

  1. Alternative form of hor (“hoar”)

Etymology 4

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Noun

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hair

  1. Alternative form of heir (“heir”)

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Frankish *hattjan.

Verb

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hair

  1. to hate

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. First person singular present hez and present subjunctives are inherited from Frankish with regular sound changes of *-ttj- > -z/c-. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of hair (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive hair avoir haï
gerund en haant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle haant
past participle haï
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present haz, hé hez het haons haez héent
imperfect haoie, haeie haoies, haeies haoit, haeit haïiens, haïens haïiez, haïez haoient, haeient
preterite haï haïs haï haïmes haïstes haïrent
future harrai, harai harras, haras harra, hara harrons, harons harroiz, harreiz, harrez, haroiz, hareiz, harez harront, haront
conditional harroie, harreie, haroie, hareie harroies, harreies, haroies, hareies harroit, harreit, haroit, hareit harriiens, harriens, hariiens, hariens harriiez, harriez, hariiez, hariez harroient, harreient, haroient, hareient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present hace, hée haces, hées hace, hée haciens, haçons, haons haciez, haez hacent, héent
imperfect haïsse haïsses haïst haïssons, haïssiens haïssoiz, haïssez, haïssiez haïssent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— hé — haons haez —
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Descendants

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  • Middle French: haïr
  • Norman: haï

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish خیر (hayır), from Arabic خَيْر (ḵayr, “good, well, wellbeing”).

Noun

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hair n (plural hairuri)

  1. share
  2. luck

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative hair hairul hairuri hairurile
genitive-dative hair hairului hairuri hairurilor
vocative hairule hairurilor
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