莫

莫	U+83AB, 莫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83AB

Translingual

Han character

莫 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿日大 (TAK), four-corner 4443₀, composition ⿱艹旲 or ⿱䒤大)

Derived characters

嗼, 塻, 嫫, 𡻟, 幙, 慔, 摸, 漠, 獏, 暯, 膜, 模, 氁, 㷬, 𭷱, 𬎇, 𮂓, 瞙, 糢, 𮖪, 縸(𫄲), 蟆, 謨(谟), 貘, 𧷸, 𨢢, 鏌(镆), 𩌧, 饃(馍), 䮬, 𩻁, 𪍤(𬹍), 𠢓, 鄚, 𮍅, 𪅐
寞, 𢊗, 瘼, 𩄻, 鬕, 募, 𠻚, 墓, 𡖶, 𡠜, 幕, 摹, 暮, 㱳, 慕, 𬑤, 蟇, 謩, 驀(蓦), 𡈗

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1035, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31078
Dae Jaweon: page 1494, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3217, character 15
Unihan data for U+83AB

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 莫
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蟆	*mraː
鬕	*mraːɡs
饃	*maːl
模	*maː
摸	maː, maːɡ
嫫	*maː
謨	*maː
膜	maː, maːɡ
摹	*maː
暮	*maːɡs
慕	*maːɡs
募	*maːɡs
墓	*maːɡs
慔	*maːɡs
莫	*maːɡ
寞	*maːɡ
漠	*maːɡ
幕	*maːɡ
鏌	*maːɡ
瘼	*maːɡ
鄚	*maːɡ
瞙	*maːɡ
嗼	maːɡ, mraːɡ
塻	*maːɡ
貘	*mraːɡ
驀	*mraːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) sinking into the bushes (屮); dusk. Original form of 暮 (OC *maːɡs, “dusk”).

The bottom was later distorted into 大.

Etymology 1

trad.		莫
simp. ^#		莫
alternative forms		𦶛𦱤䒬

From 無 (OC *ma, “there is no”) + distributive suffix *-k (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mò (mo⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mo²
Cantonese (Jyutping): mok⁶
Gan (Wiktionary): mot⁷
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mo̍k

(Hailu, HRS): mog^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): mog⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): mah⁴
Northern Min (KCR): mŏ̤
Eastern Min (BUC): mŏ̤h / mŏk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bo̍k / bo̍h

(Teochew, Peng'im): mog⁸

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): mog⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸moq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mo⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mò
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mò
  - Wade–Giles: mo⁴
  - Yale: mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh
  - Palladius: мо (mo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: mo²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mok⁶
  - Yale: mohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: mog⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːk̚²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: mot⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɵt̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mo̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: mog
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /mok̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: mog^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /mok²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /mɔk̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: mah⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /maʔ²/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mŏ̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔ²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mŏ̤h / mŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /moʔ⁵/, /mouʔ⁵/

Note:

mŏ̤h - vernacular (“don't”);
mŏk - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: bo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /bɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /bɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍h
  - Tâi-lô: bo̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boih
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /boʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /boʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /boʔ⁴/

Note:

bo̍k - literary;
bo̍h - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: mog⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mo̍k
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /mok̚⁴/
(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: mog⁸
- Sinological IPA: /mɔk̚²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸moq
  - MiniDict: moh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵moq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /moʔ¹²/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: mo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 莫
Mandarin	Beijing	/mo⁵¹/
	Harbin	/mɤ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/mo⁵³/
	Jinan	/mə²¹/
	Qingdao	/mə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/mo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/mo²¹/
	Xining	/mɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/muə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/mə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/mɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/mo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/mo³¹/
	Guiyang	/mo²¹/
	Kunming	/mo³¹/
	Nanjing	/moʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/mɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/maʔ²/
	Pingyao	/mʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/maʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/moʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/noʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/moʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/mo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/mɔʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/mo¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/mo²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/mo²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/mɔʔ²/ /mɵʔ²/
Hakka	Meixian	/mok̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/mok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/mɔk̚²/
	Nanning	/mɔk̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/mɔk̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/bɔk̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/moʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/mz̩²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/mok̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/vo³³/ 不要 /mo³³/ 姓

Middle Chinese: mak

Rime
Character	莫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	慕各切
Baxter	mak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/mɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mak̚/
Li Rong	/mɑk̚/
Wang Li	/mɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤak/

(Zhengzhang): /*maːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	莫	莫
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mò	mò
Middle Chinese	‹ mak ›	‹ mak ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁak/	/*mˁak/
English	there is no X such that X	deliberate (v.) (loan)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	莫
Reading #	1/1
No.	9252
Phonetic component	莫
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	莫
Old Chinese	/*maːɡ/
Notes	從日在茻中，暮初文，小徐茻亦聲

Definitions

莫

(literary) none; nothing; not anything
- 子曰：「莫我知也夫！」 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Zǐ yuē: “Mò wǒ zhī yě fū!” [Pinyin]
  The Master said, "Alas! there is no one that knows me."
- 在天者莫明於日月。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  在天者莫明于日月。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE
  Zài tiān zhě mò míng yú rì yuè. [Pinyin]
  In the sky, there is nothing brighter than the Sun and the Moon.
(literary or dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Eastern Min, Xiang) do not; don't; must not
莫做聲！／莫做声！ [dialectal Mandarin] ― Mò zuòshēng! [Pinyin] ― Keep quiet! (literally, “Don't make a sound!”)

莫細膩。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
莫细腻。 [Eastern Min, simp.]
mŏ̤h-sá̤-nê / [moʔ⁵⁻²¹ ^(s-)lɛ²¹³⁻⁵³ nˡɛi²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
Don't be too polite. / Make yourself at home.

你莫腿囉。／你莫腿啰。 [Xiang] ― nyi³ mo⁶ tei³ lo [Wiktionary] ― You don't joke.

發生火災莫驚慌／发生火灾莫惊慌 ― fāshēng huǒzāi mò jīnghuāng ― Don't be panicked when conflagration happens
- 莫為盜！莫為殺人！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  莫为盗！莫为杀人！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Mò wéi dào! Mò wéi shārén! [Pinyin]
  Don't steal! Don't kill!
- 人生得意須盡歡，莫使金樽空對月。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 752, Li Bai, 《將進酒》
  Rénshēng déyì xū jìn huān, mò shǐ jīnzūn kōng duì yuè. [Pinyin]
  In life, fully enjoy yourself when you are delighted; do not allow an empty goblet to face the moon.
particle indicating a rhetorical question
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 別 (“do not”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		勿, 莫₁, 毋, 無
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		別, 不要, 勿, 別要 chiefly Hong Kong
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	別, 別價
	Taiwan	別, 不要
	Harbin	別
	Malaysia	不要
	Singapore	不要
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	別, 別價, 甭價, 不要
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	別
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	嫑, 甭₁, 休
	Wanrong	嫑, 不要
	Xi'an	嫑, 不敢
	Xining	嫑
	Xuzhou	嫑, 休
Lanyin Mandarin	Lanzhou	不要
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	嫑
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	莫₁, 不要, 嫑
	Wuhan	莫₁, 不
	Guiyang	不要
	Guilin	莫₁
	Liuzhou	莫₁, 莫要
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	莫₁
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	不要
	Yangzhou	莫₁, 不要
	Hefei	別, 不要
Cantonese	Guangzhou	咪, 咪個, 唔好
	Hong Kong	咪, 唔好, 冇
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	唔好
	Macau	唔要
	Foshan (Shunde)	咪
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	咪
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	唔好
	Taishan	唔好
	Kaiping (Chikan)	唔好
	Dongguan	咪, 唔好
	Shaoguan	咪
	Yunfu	咪, 唔好
	Yangjiang	莫₁, 無好
	Xinyi	毛
	Lianjiang	冇
	Nanning	冇要
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	咪
	Singapore (Guangfu)	咪, 唔好
Gan	Nanchang	莫₁
	Lichuan	毋要, 不要
	Pingxiang	不要
Hakka	Meixian	莫₁, 毋愛, 毋好
	Xingning	毋愛
	Huidong (Daling)	毋好
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	毋好
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	毋好
	Changting	毋要
	Liancheng	毋要
	Ninghua	毋要
	Yudu	毋要, 毋敢
	Ruijin	毋要
	Shicheng	毋要
	Shangyou (Shexi)	毋要
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	毋好
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	毋好
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	毋好
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	毋好
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	毋好
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	毋好
	Hong Kong	毋好
	Sabah (Longchuan)	毋愛
	Senai (Huiyang)	毋好
	Kuching (Hepo)	唔愛
Huizhou	Jixi	不要, 嫑
	Shexian	不要, 嫑
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	不要, 嫑
Jin	Taiyuan	不要, 不敢
Jin	Xinzhou	不要, 嫑, 播
Northern Min	Jian'ou	伓敢, 伓讓, 毋
Northern Min	Pucheng (Shibei)	伓敢
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	伓通, 毋
	Fuqing	伓通
	Matsu	毋
Southern Min	Xiamen	毋通, 毋愛, 莫₂, 𱰠, 莫用, 汰
	Quanzhou	毋通, 毋愛, 甭₂, 莫用, 汰
	Zhangzhou	毋通, 莫₂, 甭₂, 𱰠, 莫用, 汰
	Zhao'an	孬
	Taipei	莫₂
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	莫去
	Kaohsiung	莫₂
	Yilan	毋通, 莫₂
	Changhua (Lukang)	莫₂
	Tainan	莫₂, 甭₂
	Penang (Hokkien)	莫₂, 毋通, 甭₂
	Singapore (Hokkien)	莫₂, 毋通, 甭₂
	Manila (Hokkien)	毋通, 甭₂
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	別
	Chaozhou	孬, 莫₂
	Shantou	孬, 莫₂
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	莫₂
	Jieyang	孬, 莫₂
	Haifeng	莫₂
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	孬
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	孬
	Penang (Teochew)	莫₂
	Singapore (Teochew)	莫₂, 孬
	Leizhou	無地
	Haikou	無用, 莫₂, 無莫
	Qionghai	無用
	Singapore (Hainanese)	無用
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	冇要
Wu	Shanghai	勿要, 𧟰
	Shanghai (Chongming)	拗
	Suzhou	𧟰
	Wuxi	𧟰
	Nantong (Haimen)	拗, 拗要, 弗要
	Danyang	弗要, 𫸻
	Hangzhou	嫑
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	弗要, 消, 𧟰
	Ningbo	莫, 甮
	Wenzhou	𧟰
	Lishui	⿰毋樂
	Qingyuan	⿰否樂
	Jinhua	𫸻, 弗要, 弗用
Xiang	Changsha	莫₁, 不要
	Loudi	不要, 莫₁
	Shuangfeng	莫₁
	Quanzhou	別

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad.		莫
simp. ^#		莫
alternative forms		勿嘜／唛麥／麦賣／卖甭勿嘜／唛麥／麦賣／卖甭 ⿰勿愛

Contraction of 毋愛 / 毋爱 (m̄-ài).

Pronunciation

Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): mài

(Teochew, Peng'im): mai³

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Yilan, Penang, Klang, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mài
  - Tâi-lô: mài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maix
  - IPA (Taipei): /mãi¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /mãi²¹/
  - IPA (Penang, Singapore): /mai²¹/
  - IPA (Lukang, Klang): /mãi³¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mai³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mai²¹³/

Definitions

莫 (Southern Min)

do not; don't; must not
莫按呢！ [Hokkien] ― Mài án-ne! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Don't do like that!

莫閣講矣！ [Hokkien, trad.]
莫阁讲矣！ [Hokkien, simp.]
Mài koh kóng--ah! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
Stop talking about that!

莫摸我！ [Hokkien] ― Mài bong góa! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Don't touch me!
to not want

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 別 (“do not”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		勿, 莫₁, 毋, 無
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		別, 不要, 勿, 別要 chiefly Hong Kong
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	別, 別價
	Taiwan	別, 不要
	Harbin	別
	Malaysia	不要
	Singapore	不要
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	別, 別價, 甭價, 不要
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	別
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	嫑, 甭₁, 休
	Wanrong	嫑, 不要
	Xi'an	嫑, 不敢
	Xining	嫑
	Xuzhou	嫑, 休
Lanyin Mandarin	Lanzhou	不要
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	嫑
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	莫₁, 不要, 嫑
	Wuhan	莫₁, 不
	Guiyang	不要
	Guilin	莫₁
	Liuzhou	莫₁, 莫要
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	莫₁
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	不要
	Yangzhou	莫₁, 不要
	Hefei	別, 不要
Cantonese	Guangzhou	咪, 咪個, 唔好
	Hong Kong	咪, 唔好, 冇
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	唔好
	Macau	唔要
	Foshan (Shunde)	咪
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	咪
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	唔好
	Taishan	唔好
	Kaiping (Chikan)	唔好
	Dongguan	咪, 唔好
	Shaoguan	咪
	Yunfu	咪, 唔好
	Yangjiang	莫₁, 無好
	Xinyi	毛
	Lianjiang	冇
	Nanning	冇要
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	咪
	Singapore (Guangfu)	咪, 唔好
Gan	Nanchang	莫₁
	Lichuan	毋要, 不要
	Pingxiang	不要
Hakka	Meixian	莫₁, 毋愛, 毋好
	Xingning	毋愛
	Huidong (Daling)	毋好
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	毋好
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	毋好
	Changting	毋要
	Liancheng	毋要
	Ninghua	毋要
	Yudu	毋要, 毋敢
	Ruijin	毋要
	Shicheng	毋要
	Shangyou (Shexi)	毋要
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	毋好
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	毋好
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	毋好
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	毋好
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	毋好
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	毋好
	Hong Kong	毋好
	Sabah (Longchuan)	毋愛
	Senai (Huiyang)	毋好
	Kuching (Hepo)	唔愛
Huizhou	Jixi	不要, 嫑
	Shexian	不要, 嫑
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	不要, 嫑
Jin	Taiyuan	不要, 不敢
Jin	Xinzhou	不要, 嫑, 播
Northern Min	Jian'ou	伓敢, 伓讓, 毋
Northern Min	Pucheng (Shibei)	伓敢
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	伓通, 毋
	Fuqing	伓通
	Matsu	毋
Southern Min	Xiamen	毋通, 毋愛, 莫₂, 𱰠, 莫用, 汰
	Quanzhou	毋通, 毋愛, 甭₂, 莫用, 汰
	Zhangzhou	毋通, 莫₂, 甭₂, 𱰠, 莫用, 汰
	Zhao'an	孬
	Taipei	莫₂
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	莫去
	Kaohsiung	莫₂
	Yilan	毋通, 莫₂
	Changhua (Lukang)	莫₂
	Tainan	莫₂, 甭₂
	Penang (Hokkien)	莫₂, 毋通, 甭₂
	Singapore (Hokkien)	莫₂, 毋通, 甭₂
	Manila (Hokkien)	毋通, 甭₂
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	別
	Chaozhou	孬, 莫₂
	Shantou	孬, 莫₂
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	莫₂
	Jieyang	孬, 莫₂
	Haifeng	莫₂
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	孬
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	孬
	Penang (Teochew)	莫₂
	Singapore (Teochew)	莫₂, 孬
	Leizhou	無地
	Haikou	無用, 莫₂, 無莫
	Qionghai	無用
	Singapore (Hainanese)	無用
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	冇要
Wu	Shanghai	勿要, 𧟰
	Shanghai (Chongming)	拗
	Suzhou	𧟰
	Wuxi	𧟰
	Nantong (Haimen)	拗, 拗要, 弗要
	Danyang	弗要, 𫸻
	Hangzhou	嫑
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	弗要, 消, 𧟰
	Ningbo	莫, 甮
	Wenzhou	𧟰
	Lishui	⿰毋樂
	Qingyuan	⿰否樂
	Jinhua	𫸻, 弗要, 弗用
Xiang	Changsha	莫₁, 不要
	Loudi	不要, 莫₁
	Shuangfeng	莫₁
	Quanzhou	別

Etymology 3

trad.		莫
simp. ^#		莫

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mù (mu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mù
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mù
  - Wade–Giles: mu⁴
  - Yale: mù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muh
  - Palladius: му (mu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mou⁶
  - Yale: mouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²²/

Definitions

莫

^† Original form of 暮 (mù, “dusk; late”).
- 其莫不冓雨。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: 合29807
  Qí mù bù gòu yǔ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 飲酒之節，朝不廢朝，莫不廢夕。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  饮酒之节，朝不废朝，莫不废夕。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE
  Yǐnjiǔ zhī jié, zhāo bù fèi zhāo, mù bù fèi xī. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
^† a kind of vegetable
- 彼汾沮洳，言采其莫。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Bǐ Fén jǔrù, yán cǎi qí mù. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Compounds

References

“莫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

莫

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

late
end
not be
must not

Readings

Go-on: も (mo)、まく (maku)
Kan-on: ぼ (bo)、ばく (baku)
Kun: くれ (kure, 莫れ)、ない (nai, 莫い)、なかれ (nakare, 莫れ)
Nanori: さだむ (sadamu)

Korean

Hanja

莫 (eumhun 없을 막 (eopseul mak))

hanja form^? of 막 (“do not, is not, cannot”)

莫 (eumhun 저물 모 (jeomul mo))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

莫: Hán Việt readings: mạc (末(mạt)各(các)切(thiết))^[1]^[2]^[3]
莫: Nôm readings: mác^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6], mạc^[1]^[2]^[5]^[6], mếch^[1]

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Trần (2004).
^ Hồ (1976).
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Génibrel (1898).
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[tdcndg-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Trần (2004).

[btcn-4] Hồ (1976).

[genibrel-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

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