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級

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 级
級 U+7D1A, 級
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D1A
← 紙
[U+7D19] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 紛 →
[U+7D1B]

Translingual

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Traditional 級
Simplified 级
Japanese 級
Korean 級

Alternative forms

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Han character

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級 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+4 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 糸+3 in mainland China and Japanese, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 女火弓竹水 (VFNHE), four-corner 27947, composition ⿰糹及)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 918, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27294
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1348, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3366, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+7D1A

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 級
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
趿 *sqʰɯːb
鈒 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb
靸 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb
馺 *sqʰɯːb
砐 *ŋɡɯːb
魥 *ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab
扱 *skʰrɯːb
笈 *skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb
衱 *ɡrab, *kab
极 *ɡrab, *ɡab
昅 *ɡab
雭 *sqʰrɯb
急 *krɯb
級 *krɯb
汲 *krɯb
芨 *krɯb
伋 *krɯb
彶 *krɯb
及 *ɡrɯb
岌 *ŋɡrɯb
吸 *qʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *krɯb) : semantic 糹 (“thread”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb). According to Shuowen Jiezi, the original meaning was referred to a "sequence" related to silk (絲的次第), however Xu Shen didn't specify the exact kind of sequence he was talking about.

Etymology 1

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trad. 級
simp. 级

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 級
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 緝 (142)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居立切
Baxter kip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kjip̚/
Li
Rong 		/kjəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/kĭĕp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ji
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gap1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 級
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kip ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k(r)əp/
English degree, grade

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 級
Reading # 1/1
No. 5659
Phonetic
component 		及
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		急
Old
Chinese 		/*krɯb/

Definitions

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級

  1. level; rank; grade; class
    電影三級制／电影三级制 [Cantonese]  ―  din6 jing2 saam1 kap1 zai3 [Jyutping]  ―  Hong Kong motion picture rating system (literally three-category film rating system)
  2. (education) grade; form
    同級不同班／同级不同班  ―  tóng jí bù tóng bān  ―  to be in the same grade but different classes
  3. step
    拾級而上／拾级而上  ―  shíjí'érshàng  ―  to walk slowly up a flight of steps
  4. (literary) beheaded head
  5. Classifier for steps.
  6. Classifier for level, ranks, grades, etc..
Synonyms
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  • (grade; form):
Dialectal synonyms of 年級 (“grade; year (in school)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 年級, 級
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 年級
Singapore 年級
Central Plains Mandarin Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 號
Cantonese Hong Kong 年班, 年級
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 年生, 年級
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 年生, 年級
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 年生, 年級
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 年生, 年級
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 年生, 年級
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 年生, 年級
Southern Min Xiamen 年級
Quanzhou 年級
Zhangzhou 年級

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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From English cup.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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級

  1. (Cantonese) cup; cup size

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 級
Kyūjitai
[1]
級󠄁
級+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
級󠄃
級+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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級

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
級
きゅう
Grade: 3
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
Q

/kipu/ → /kiɸu/ → */kiwu/ → /kiu/ → /kyuː/.

From Middle Chinese 級 (MC kip).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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級(きゅう) • (kyū) ←きふ (kifu)?

  1. rank
  2. (school) a class
  3. (typography) a unit equal to 1 H (ha) and 0.25 mm, abbreviated as Q, which happens to be the initial of English quarter; Q is used for font size, while ha is used for spacing

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ “級”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

級 (eumhun 등급 급 (deunggeup geup))

  1. hanja form? of 급 (“level; grade”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Chữ Hán

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級: Hán Nôm readings: cấp, cóp, khớp, cụp

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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