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Amiri (typeface)

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Amiri
أميري
CategoryNaskh
Designer(s)Dr. Khaled Hosny
FoundryAlif Type
Date createdSeptember 19, 2010; 14 years ago (2010-09-19)
Date releasedDecember, 2011
Characters
Glyphs6000+
LicenseOFL
Websitealiftype.com/amiri/
Latest release version1.001
Latest release dateNovember 19, 2024; 13 days ago (2024-11-19)

Amiri (Arabic: أميري) is a naskh typeface for Arabic script designed by Khaled Hosny.[1][2] The beta was released in December 2011.[1] As of October 22, 2019, it is hosted on 67,000 websites, and is served by the Google Fonts API approximately 74.8 million times per week.[3]

Inspiration

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Amiri is a revival of a naskh typeface pioneered by the Bulaq Press (مطبعة بولاق), also called al-Mataabi' al-Amiriya (المطابع الأميرية), in 1905.[1] It was famously used to print the Cairo edition, one of the first typeset-printed editions of the Quran to be certified by an Islamic authority—Al-Azhar—in 1924.[4]

On the 1905 typeface and of challenges of digitizing Arabic script,[5] Dr. Hosny wrote: "One of the most novel features of the Bulaq typeface is maintaining the aesthetics of Naskh calligraphy while meeting the requirements (and limitations) of typesetting, a balance that is not easily achieved."

The Amiri project was supported by Google Web Fonts,[6] TeX Users Group,[7] and donations from users.[1]

Features

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Amiri was released under the SIL Open Font License.[1]

The typeface itself has four styles: regular, bold, slanted, bold slanted, and two companions for Quranic typesetting: Amiri Quran and Amiri Quran Colored. All of which are available in TrueType outlines and OpenType format.

The Amiri font makes extensive use of OpenType features to produce automatic positioning and substitutions, including wide varieties of contextual forms, ligatures and kerning to the Arabic letters and the verse number of āyah, and offers several optional features including character variants for specific letters and text figures for Arabic digits.[8]

The Amiri font itself was published and developed exclusively with free software, including FontForge, Inkscape, Python and VIM.[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Hosny, Khaled (2012). "The Amiri typeface" (PDF). TUGboat. 33: 12.
  2. ^ "Amiri Font Project" مشروع الخط الأميري (in Arabic and English). Retrieved 2020-12-10.
  3. ^ "Google Fonts: Amiri". Google Fonts. Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  4. ^ Nemeth, Titus (2017). Arabic type-making in the machine age : the influence of technology on the form of Arabic type, 1908-1993. Leiden: Brill. p. 160. ISBN 978-90-04-34930-8. OCLC 993752295.
  5. ^ "Modernizing Arabic Type for a Digital Audience - Library". Google Design. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  6. ^ "Google Fonts". Google Fonts. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  7. ^ "CTAN: Package amiri". ctan.org. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  8. ^ "Amiri Font" الخط الأمیری (in Arabic). Retrieved 2020-12-10.
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