Qian Ning (simplified Chinese: 钱宁; traditional Chinese: 錢寧; pinyin: Qián Níng; d. 25 June 1521[1]) was a Chinese general and a favorite of the Zhengde Emperor, the emperor of the Ming dynasty.
Qian Ning | |
|---|---|
| 錢寧 | |
| Born | Zhen'an Prefecture, Guangxi |
| Died | 25 June 1521[1] |
| Cause of death | Execution[1] |
| Occupation | Officer |
| Parent | Zhengde Emperor (adopted father) |
Qian Ning came from humble beginnings, having been purchased by the eunuch Qian Neng (錢能), who served in the Forbidden City and gave him his surname.[2] After his patron's death, Qian Ning was appointed as the commander of a unit in the palace guard, the Embroidered Uniform Guard. The influential eunuch Liu Jin introduced him to the Zhengde Emperor,[2] who was impressed by his archery and military skills, leading to his appointment as commander of the palace guard. He also provided the emperor with musicians, Muslim women for his harem, and Tibetan monks who were experts in tantric Buddhism.[3] In 1507, Qian Ning oversaw the construction of a new imperial palace outside the Forbidden City, known as the "Leopard Quarter".[1]
In 1512, he introduced the young officer Jiang Bin to the emperor, who quickly began to rival his influence. In an attempt to distance himself from Qian Ning, he convinced the emperor to travel to the northern borderlands, where the Zhengde Emperor spent most of the years 1517–1519.[4] Qian Ning and his allies, including the Zhengde Emperor's favorite actor Zang Xian and minister Lu Wan, had been covering up the treacherous actions of Zhu Chenhao, Prince of Ning, from the emperor.[5] This was revealed when the prince of Ning rebelled in the summer of 1519 and an investigation uncovered his connections in Beijing. As a result, both Qian Ning and Zang Xian were arrested in December 1519,[6] followed by Lu Wan and other eunuchs and officers a year later.[7]
On 25 June 1521, Qian Ning was executed.[1]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c d e Goodrich & Fang (1976), p. 1152.
- ^ a b Goodrich & Fang (1976), p. 309.
- ^ Geiss (1998), p. 414.
- ^ Geiss (1998), p. 418.
- ^ Geiss (1998), pp. 426–427.
- ^ Geiss (1998), p. 435.
- ^ Geiss (1998), p. 436.
Works cited
edit- Goodrich, L. Carington; Fang, Chaoying (1976). Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644. Vol. 1., A–L. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-03801-1.
- Geiss, James (1998). "The Cheng-te reign, 1506-1521". In Twitchett, Denis C; Fairbank, John K (eds.). The Cambridge History of China. Volume 7, The Ming Dynasty 1368-1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 403–439. ISBN 0521243327.