The Tornadoes Portal

A tornado near Anadarko, Oklahoma, in 1999
Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air that are in contact with the Earth and either a cumulonimbus or a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes are often referred to as twisters, whirlwinds, or cyclones. While most tornadoes attain winds of less than 110 miles per hour (180 km/h), are about 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers), the wind speeds in the most intense tornadoes can reach 300 miles per hour (480 km/h), are more than two miles (3 km) in diameter, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). Various types of tornadoes include the multiple vortex tornado, landspout, and waterspout. Other tornado-like phenomena that exist in nature include the gustnado, dust devil, fire whirl, and steam devil. Most tornadoes occur in North America (in the United States and Canada), concentrated in a region nicknamed the Tornado Alley. Tornadoes also occur in South America, South Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.
Velocity scan of the Picher, Oklahoma tornado located near Racine, Missouri

A long-lived tornado outbreak sequence affected the Southern Plains, the southeastern and Middle Atlantic region of the United States from May 7–11, 2008. The storm produced 120 confirmed tornadoes starting on May 7 and lasting until late on May 11. The outbreak sequence killed 28 people across several states; 25 were killed by tornadoes. The event occurred less than a week after a deadly tornado outbreak that principally affected the state of Arkansas and killed 7 people. (Full article...)

List of selected tornado articles

Selected tornado list - show another

This page documents all tornadoes confirmed by various weather forecast offices of the National Weather Service in the United States in May 2018. Tornado counts are considered preliminary until final publication in the database of the National Centers for Environmental Information. (Full article...)

List of selected tornado lists

Selected image - show another

Damage to a marina in Vancouver from an EF1 tornado.

Selected tornado year - show another

(Full article...)
List of tornadoes by year

2024 tornado activity

Map of tornado warnings and confirmed tornadoes from the outbreak sequence

A multi-day period of significant tornado activity along with significant derechos occurred across the Midwestern United States and the Mississippi Valley as well as an additional tornado in the Canadian province of Quebec. From May 19–27, 2024, two derechos occurred and tornadoes were reported across large portions of the Central United States, with multiple Particularly Dangerous Situation (PDS) watches issued across the sequence. On May 19, strong tornadoes occurred with isolated supercells in Colorado and Oklahoma while a derecho produced widespread wind damage and weak tornadoes across Kansas into the early morning hours of May 20. Limited tornadic activity took place on May 20, but another outbreak along with widespread damage struck mainly Iowa and Wisconsin on May 21. Five fatalities were confirmed with a large, violent, long-tracked EF4 tornado that went through Greenfield, Iowa. Scattered to widespread severe weather and tornadoes occurred over the next two days, including an EF2 tornado that injured 30 people on the west side of Temple, Texas. Another derecho formed in southwestern Nebraska late on May 23 and moved eastward, producing widespread wind damage and weak tornadoes through Nebraska and Iowa and northwestern Illinois before withering away in the northern part of the state during the morning hours of May 24.

A nocturnal outbreak occurred during the overnight hours of May 25 into May 26. An isolated supercell in northern Texas produced multiple tornadoes, including a low-end EF3 tornado that passed near Valley View, Texas, killing seven people. Another longer-lived supercell moved through northeastern Oklahoma and across northern Arkansas, producing several tornadoes along with straight-line winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). Two fatalities were confirmed from an EF3 tornado that struck Claremore, Oklahoma along with areas near Pryor. Later, it produced a very large EF3 tornado near Decatur, Arkansas, which became the largest tornado ever recorded in Arkansas. Another EF3 tornado killed four people near Olvey and Pyatt while an additional tornadic death occurred with yet another EF3 tornado that passed near Yellville and through Briarcliff. Another supercell in southern Missouri produced a low-end EF3 tornado that passed near Morehouse and through Sikeston, killing one. May 26 would be the most active day of severe weather; several rounds of squall lines and tornadic supercells moved through the Mid-Mississippi and the Ohio Valleys, producing widespread wind damage, large hail, and tornadoes. This included a very destructive, intense high-end EF3 tornado that prompted the issuance of four tornado emergencies across areas that had been previously impacted by the 2021 Western Kentucky tornado. One person was killed by this tornado. Severe weather activity became more isolated and scattered on May 27, marking the end of the outbreak sequence.

In all, 247 tornadoes occurred during the outbreak sequence; 21 people were killed by tornadoes while 10 other people died due to non-tornadic events as well. Over 240 people were injured. (Full article...)

Tornado anniversaries

November 8

  • 1879 – A tornado family with members up to F3 intensity hit Strasburg and Page City, Missouri. Two people died in Page City, where six of the twelve homes, a store, and a railroad depot were destroyed. An F2 tornado killed one person near Fort Smith, Arkansas.
  • 1989 – An F2 tornado destroyed several homes and trailers in Pineview, Georgia. A child was killed in a trailer that was thrown 200 feet (61 m) and eight other people were injured.
  • 1996 – An F2 tornado lifted an unanchored mobile home near Chester, Georgia, killing a child and injuring six family members. Victims were carriedup to 200 yards (about 200 meters).

November 9

  • 1864 – One of few known tornadoes from during the American Civil War hit Chester and Richview, Illinois at about 2:00 AM, killing at least five people, including four in Chester. There were rumors of up to 20 deaths. A ferry on the Mississippi River was destroyed with only the hull, engine, and boilers left behind.
  • 1926 – An estimated F3 tornado struck La Plata, Maryland, killing 17 people and injuring 65. Fourteen deaths were in a school that was thrown into a grove of trees and destroyed.

November 10

  • 1915 – A tornado outbreak affected the Midwestern United States with the worst impacts in Kansas. An F4 tornado destroyed 160 homes in Great Bend, Kansas, killing 11 people and injuring 75. Debris was carried 85 miles (137 km). At least 1000 sheep were killed, and dead ducks fell from the sky near Claflin, Kansas. Another F4 tornado killed four people in Zyba and Derby, Kansas.
  • 1957 – One of Japan's deadliest tornadoes hit Tomiye City in [[Nagasaki Prefecture, killing six people.
  • 2002 – The second day of a three-day tornado outbreak had its worst impacts across the Midwestern and Eastern United States, resulting in 32 deaths. An F3 tornado devastated Mossy Grove and Joyner, Tennessee, killing seven people and injuring 28. A long-track F3 tornado traveled 72 miles (116 km) across northern Alabama; all 7 deaths and 40 injuries were along a 10-mile (16 km) stretch in and near Saragossa. An F4 tornado, up to half a mile (0.8 km) wide, hit Van Wert and Roselms, Ohio, killing four people. Only one structure in Roselms was left standing.

Did you know…

General images - load new batch

The following are images from various tornado-related articles on Wikipedia.

Featured Article or List - show another

This is either a featured article or featured list, which represents some of the best articles on English Wikipedia.

Hailstones dropped during the storm, compared to a cricket ball (7 cm or 2.8 in diameter)

The 1999 Sydney hailstorm was the costliest natural disaster in Australian insurance history, causing extensive damage along the east coast of New South Wales. The storm developed south of Sydney on the afternoon of Wednesday, 14 April 1999, and struck the city's eastern suburbs, including the central business district, later that evening.

The storm dropped an estimated 500,000 tonnes of hailstones in its path. The insured damage bill caused by the storm was over A$1.7 billion (equivalent to $3.8 billion in 2022), with the total bill (including uninsured damage) estimated to be around $2.3 billion. It was the costliest single natural disaster in Australian history in insured damage, surpassing the $1.1 billion in insured damage caused by the 1989 Newcastle earthquake. Lightning also claimed one life during the storm, and the event caused approximately 50 injuries. (Full article...)

Topics

Subcategories

Category puzzle
Category puzzle
Select [►] to view subcategories

The scope of WikiProject Severe weather is to write articles about severe weather, namely thunderstorms and tornadoes. Their talk page is located here.

WikiProject Weather is the main hub for all articles that are weather-related. WikiProject Weather strives to improve articles in a variety of weather topics, including Tropical Cyclones, Severe Weather, General meteorology, Non-tropical Storms, Climate, Floods, Droughts and wildfires, Meteorological instruments and data, Meteorological Biographies, and Space Weather. If you would like to help, please visit the project talk page.

WikiProject Meteorology is a collaborative effort by dozens of Wikipedians to improve the quality of meteorology- and weather-related articles. If you would like to help, visit the project talk page, and see what needs doing. The project is currently being merged into WikiProject Weather.

WikiProject Tropical cyclones is a daughter project of WikiProject meteorology. The dozens of semi-active members and several full-time members focus on improving Wikipedia's coverage of tropical cyclones.

Wikipedia is a fully collaborative effort by volunteers. So if you see something you think you can improve, be bold and get to editing! We appreciate any help you can provide!

Things you can do

Wikimedia

The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject:

Discover Wikipedia using portals