Sir John Trevor (c. 1637 – 20 May 1717) was a Welsh lawyer and politician. He was Speaker of the English House of Commons from 1685 to 1687 (the Loyal Parliament) and from 1689 to 1695. Trevor also served as Master of the Rolls from 1685 to 1689 and from 1693 to 1717. His second term as Speaker came to an end due to a bribery allegation; he was expelled from the House of Commons shortly thereafter.
Sir John Trevor | |
|---|---|
 Engraving of Sir John Trevor | |
| Speaker of the House of Commons | |
| In office 1689–1695 | |
| Monarchs | William III and Mary II |
| Preceded by | Henry Powle |
| Succeeded by | Paul Foley |
| In office 1685–1687 | |
| Monarch | James II |
| Preceded by | Sir William Williams |
| Succeeded by | Henry Powle |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1637 |
| Died | 20 May 1717 |
| Nationality | British |
| Residence(s) | Brynkinalt, Denbighshire, Wales |
| Alma mater | Ruthin School |
| Occupation | Politician and lawyer |
Early life
editJohn Trevor was born around 1637 or 1638, the exact date of his birth being unrecorded. His father, also called John Trevor, was the son of Sir Edward Trevor; his mother was Margaret Jeffreys, daughter of John Jeffreys and aunt of the celebrated judge. The family lived at Brynkinalt in the parish of Chirk in the Welsh county of Denbighshire.[citation needed]
Trevor was educated at Ruthin School, and he started his career as a clerk for his relative Arthur Trevor.[1] From there he worked his way up with the help of the patronage of another relative George Jeffreys until he was appointed a king's counsel by Charles II.[1]
Political and judicial appointments
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In 1685 he was appointed to the high offices of Master of the Rolls and Speaker of the House of Commons by James II.[1] Being a Tory and a partisan of James II, the accession of William III saw Trevor deprived of his office. In 1690, however, he once again returned to parliament as Speaker. From 1693, he also once again held the judicial office of Master of the Rolls.[2] Between 1692 and 1695, he represented Newry in the Irish House of Commons.
As Speaker, he was memorable for being severely cross-eyed—the affliction was so confusing to members of the House that they were frequently uncertain as to which of them had "caught the Speaker's eye", and would try to speak out of turn.[3][4]
Scandal
editHe was accused of taking bribes from the East India Company and the City of London, and was investigated by a committee chaired by the Commissioner of Accounts, Paul Foley MP.[4] On 7 March 1695, he was found guilty of accepting a bribe of 1,000 guineas from the City of London Corporation to aid the passage of a bill through the house.[1] This was judged to be a "high crime and misdemeanour".[5] Trevor resigned from the Speakership on 14 March,[6] and was expelled from the House of Commons on 16 March.[7][8] He was not asked to refund the bribe[1] and retained his judicial position until his death at the age of 79 or 80 on 20 May 1717.[1]
Family
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Trevor married Jane Mostyn, the daughter of Sir Roger Mostyn. They are known to have had four children: Edward, Arthur, John and Anne. Trevor's wife predeceased him, dying in August 1704.[10]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e f Jeaffreson, John Cordy (1867). A Book about Lawyers. G.W. Carleton. pp. 106–109.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 257.
- ^ King, Anthony (19 May 2009). "MPs' expenses: even as a scapegoat, Michael Martin is a failure". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 19 May 2009.
- ^ a b Parris, Matthew (22 October 2011). "Scandals in the House". Independent. Archived from the original on 13 June 2022.
- ^ "House of Commons Journal Volume 11: 12 March 1695". Journal of the House of Commons: Volume 11, 1963–1967. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. British History Online. 12 March 1695. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ "House of Commons Journal Volume 11: 14 March 1695".
- ^ "House of Commons Journal Volume 11: 16 March 1695". Journal of the House of Commons: Volume 11, 1963–1967. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. British History Online. 16 March 1695. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ "17th Century Speaker's downfall". BBC News. BBC. 19 May 2009. Retrieved 19 May 2009.
- ^ "Speaker Trevor, 1685-1687 & 1689-1695". Baz Manning. September 2005. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
- ^ Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. 3, ed. Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 2003, p. 3937
References
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