Duke Records

Duke Records
Duke Records
Founded	1952
Country of origin	United States

Duke Records was an American record label, started in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1952 by David James Mattis (WDIA program director and DJ) and Bill Fitzgerald, owners of Tri-State Recording Company.^[1] Their first release was Roscoe Gordon singing "Hey Fat Girl", issued on Duke R-1, later amended to R-101.

History

After forming a partnership with Mattis in the summer of 1952, Don Robey (founder of Houston's Peacock Records) took control of Duke. Both labels then headquartered at his Bronze Peacock club at 2809 Erastus Street in Houston, focusing on R&B and gospel music. Robey started a subsidiary, Back Beat Records, in 1957 and this later specialised in soul music, along with Sure Shot Records, whilst Peacock specialised in gospel recordings.

Duke's leading artist was Bobby "Blue" Bland who stayed with the label for many years until its demise, mostly recording successfully with arranger/bandleader Joe Scott. Johnny Ace was a major R&B artist in the early years of the label before his death at a young age, with a string of R&B top 10 hits including three that went to number one. Junior Parker was another important presence on Duke, recording a long string of singles for the label between 1953 and 1966, scoring seven top-twenty Billboard hits during his tenure.

Robey sold his labels to ABC Dunhill Records on 23 May 1973. The Duke labels were soon closed down with the imprints retained by ABC in their catalog,^[2] with only Bobby Bland being retained by the new parent label.

Label variations

Independent distribution

1953–1958 Gospel series: White and purple label
1952–1961 Standard series: Gold and dark purple label
1961–1972: Orange and yellow label for commercial copies, purple and white label for promotional copies

ABC distribution

1972–1973: Dark green label

Artists

Notable artists who recorded on Duke, Peacock and Back Beat included:

Current ownership

Universal Music Group now controls the Robey labels, via their acquisition (as MCA Records) of ABC Records in 1979.

References

^ "Rosco Gordon". Rockabilly.nl. Retrieved 2015-12-31.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-03-24. Retrieved 2016-03-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Bill Dahl. "James "Thunderbird" Davis | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved 2016-11-21.
^ Skelly, Richard. "Frankie Lee". AllMusic. Retrieved December 19, 2011.
^ Ankeny, Jason. "Lester Williams". AllMusic. Retrieved November 17, 2011.

Bibliography

Louis Cantor. Wheelin' on Beale. New York: Pharos Books, 1992, ISBN 978-0886876333

External links

Don Robey's Labels (accessed March 2008)
HIPO's Johnny Ace bio
Duke Records on the Internet Archive's Great 78 Project

This article about a United States record label is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] "Rosco Gordon". Rockabilly.nl. Retrieved 2015-12-31.

[2] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-03-24. Retrieved 2016-03-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[3] Bill Dahl. "James "Thunderbird" Davis | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved 2016-11-21.

[4] Skelly, Richard. "Frankie Lee". AllMusic. Retrieved December 19, 2011.

[5] Ankeny, Jason. "Lester Williams". AllMusic. Retrieved November 17, 2011.

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