The 1984 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad, were a summer multi-sport event held in Los Angeles, California, United States, from July 28 to August 12. A total of 6,829 athletes from 140 nations participated in 221 events in 21 sports.[1][2]
| 1984 Summer Olympics medals | |
|---|---|
 Carl Lewis (pictured) tied Ecaterina Szabo for most gold medals won at the 1984 Summer Olympics at four apiece. | |
| Location | Los Angeles,  United States |
| Highlights | |
| Most gold medals | United States (83) |
| Most total medals | United States (174) |
| Medalling NOCs | 47 |
Legend:
represents countries that won at least one gold medal.
represents countries that won at least one silver medal but no gold medals.
represents countries that won at least one bronze medal (no gold or silver).
represents participating countries that did not win medals.
represents entities that did not participate in the 1984 Summer Olympics.
Overall, 47 nations received at least one medal, and 25 of them won at least one gold medal. Athletes from host nation United States won the most medals overall, with 174, and the most gold medals, with 83.[3][4] The former record was the largest overall medal haul for the nation since the 1904 edition; the latter record was the highest gold medal tally at a single Games in Olympic history and the most for a host nation.[5][a] It marked the first time the United States led the medal count in both gold and overall medals since 1968.[7] Sports commentators noted that the absence of the Soviet Union and various other Eastern Bloc nations stemming from a boycott contributed to the highly skewed medal results benefitting the United States and other countries.[6] Romania won the second most gold medals (20) and the third most total medals (53), marking its highest medal tally in history.[8][9][10] West Germany won the third most gold medals, with 17, and the second most total medals, with 59.[8][7]
Runner Carl Lewis and gymnast Ecaterina Szabo won the most gold medals at the games with four each.[11] Gymnast Li Ning won the greatest number of medals overall, winning six in total.[12] Morocco and Portugal won their first Olympic gold medals.[13][14] Algeria, Dominican Republic, Ivory Coast, Syria, and Zambia won their nation's first Olympic medals.[15]
Medal table
edit
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. The table uses the Olympic medal table sorting method. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where a nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee (NOC). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next, and then the number of bronze medals.[24][25] If teams are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their IOC country code.[26]
In the boxing and judo events, two bronze medals are awarded in each weight class.[27][28] Two gold medals (and no silver medals) were awarded for first place ties in the women's uneven bars,[29] women's balance beam,[30] and men's rings gymnastics events.[31] Four silver medals (and no bronze) were awarded in the men's vault gymnastics competition.[32] Two bronze medals were awarded for third-place ties in both the women's 100 metre hurdles and the men's pole vault competitions.[33][34]
- Key
‡ Changes in medal standings (see below)
* Host nation (United States)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States* | 83 | 61 | 30 | 174 |
| 2 |  Romania‡ | 20 | 16 | 17 | 53 |
| 3 |  West Germany | 17 | 19 | 23 | 59 |
| 4 |  China | 15 | 8 | 9 | 32 |
| 5 |  Italy | 14 | 6 | 12 | 32 |
| 6 |  Canada | 10 | 18 | 16 | 44 |
| 7 |  Japan | 10 | 8 | 14 | 32 |
| 8 |  New Zealand | 8 | 1 | 2 | 11 |
| 9 |  Yugoslavia‡ | 7 | 4 | 7 | 18 |
| 10 |  South Korea | 6 | 6 | 7 | 19 |
| 11 |  Great Britain‡ | 5 | 11 | 21 | 37 |
| 12 |  France | 5 | 7 | 16 | 28 |
| 13 |  Netherlands | 5 | 2 | 6 | 13 |
| 14 |  Australia | 4 | 8 | 12 | 24 |
| 15 |  Finland‡ | 4 | 2 | 6 | 12 |
| 16 |  Sweden‡ | 2 | 11 | 6 | 19 |
| 17 |  Mexico | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
| 18 |  Morocco | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 19 |  Brazil | 1 | 5 | 2 | 8 |
| 20 |  Spain | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 21 |  Belgium | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 22 |  Austria | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 23 |  Kenya‡ | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
 Portugal | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |
| 25 |  Pakistan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 26 |  Switzerland | 0 | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 27 |  Denmark | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 28 |  Jamaica | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
 Norway | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| 30 |  Greece | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Nigeria | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
 Puerto Rico | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 33 |  Colombia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Egypt | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Ireland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Ivory Coast | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Peru | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Syria | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Thailand | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 40 |  Turkey | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
 Venezuela | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |
| 42 |  Algeria | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 43 |  Cameroon | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Chinese Taipei | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Dominican Republic | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Iceland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Zambia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (47 entries) | 226 | 219 | 243 | 688 | |
Changes in medal standings
edit| Color / symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ※ | Disqualified athlete(s) |
| Ruling date | Sport/Event | Athlete (NOC) | 
|
|
|
Total | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| August 5, 1984 | Wrestling Men's Greco-Roman +100 kg |
Tomas Johansson (SWE) ※ |
-1 | −1 | On August 5, 1984, the IOC stripped Swedish wrestler Tomas Johansson of his silver medal in the men's Greco-Roman +100 kg competition after he tested positive for the anabolic steroid Primobolan. As a result, Yugoslavian bronze medalist Refik Memišević was awarded silver, and the fourth-placed Victor Dolipschi of Romania was awarded bronze.[36] | ||
| Refik Memišević (YUG) |
+1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| Victor Dolipschi (ROM) |
+1 | +1 | |||||
| August 13, 1984 | Athletics Athletics, Men's 10,000 m |
Martti Vainio (FIN) ※ |
-1 | −1 | On August 13, 1984, the IOC stripped Finnish long-distance runner Martti Vainio of his silver medal in the men's 10,000 m race after failing an anti-doping test. As a result, bronze medalist Mike McLeod of Great Britain was awarded silver, and Kenyan runner Michael Musyoki, who placed fourth in the competition, was awarded bronze.[37] | ||
| Mike McLeod (GBR) |
+1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| Michael Musyoki (KEN) |
+1 | +1 |
| NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Net Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finland (FIN)
|
0 | −1 | 0 | −1 |
| Sweden (SWE)
|
0 | -1 | 0 | −1 |
| Great Britain (GBR)
|
0 | +1 | –1 | 0 |
| Yugoslavia (YUG)
|
0 | +1 | –1 | 0 |
| Kenya (KEN)
|
0 | 0 | +1 | +1 |
| Romania (ROM)
|
0 | 0 | +1 | +1 |
See also
edit
Notes
edit- ^ Previously at the 1904 Summer Olympics, the United States set the record for most gold medals won at a single Olympics, with 76. The Soviet Union then broke that record in 1980, when it won 80 gold medals amidst a Western boycott.[6]
References
edit- ^ "Los Angeles 1984". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on May 2, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "Los Angeles 1984: An indelible legacy". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on May 20, 2019. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
- ^ Penner, Mike (December 29, 1999). "Games R Us". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 27, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2012.
- ^ Yake, D. Byron (August 13, 1984). "U.S. Breaks Record with 83 Gold Medals". The Star Press. p. 11.
- ^ Murphy, Bryan (July 31, 2021). "Which Countries Have Won the Most Olympic Medals?". NBC Sports. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
- ^ a b Litsky, Frank (August 13, 1984). "Questions Lingers As Games Close: What If Everyone Had Competed?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 6, 2017. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
- ^ a b "Los Angeles 1984 Olympic Games/". United States Olympic & Paralympic Museum. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ a b "Survival the Keynote with Just a Touch of Brilliance". The Sydney Morning Herald. December 27, 1984. p. 19.
- ^ Gillette, Robert (July 28, 1985). "'They Were Real Risks Involved'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 8, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2021.
- ^ "Romania". Olympedia. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2021.
- ^ Mathew, Jay (August 8, 1984). "Politics Polishes Romanians' Olympic Medals". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Retrieved September 23, 2012.
- ^ Mulvenney, Nick (August 8, 2008). "Li Ning, "Prince of Gymnasts" and Businessman". Reuters. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
- ^ Wharton, David (July 2, 2000). "Fall Guy". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 10, 2024.
- ^ Moran, Malcolm (August 13, 1984). "Marathon; Lopes of Portugal Winner of Men's Marathon". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2021.
- ^ Multiple sources:
- "Team Algeria Algeria - Profile". Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
- "Sanchez Decorated by Dominican President". World Athletics. October 6, 2004. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved June 17, 2021.
- Lowitt, Bruce (August 9, 1984). "Lewis, Louganis Soaring". The Scranton Times-Tribune. p. 23.
- Herbert, Keith; Devlin, Ron (November 23, 2000). "Athlete Brothers Charged with Running Sports Betting Operation". The Morning Call. pp. B1, B4.
- "Zambia (ZAM) Overview". Olympedia. Archived from the original on June 8, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
- ^ Moran, Malcolm (August 6, 1984). "First Women's Olympic Marathon to Benoit". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ Solomon, George (August 12, 1984). "Lewis Gets Record with His 4th Gold". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
- ^ Dodds, Tracy (August 2, 1984). "Michael Gross: West Germany's World Record-Holder Prefers to Fly Away from the Lime Light". Los Angeles Times. pp. 90, 121.
- ^ Litsky, Frank (August 6, 1984). "Swimming; Different Results with Soviet Bloc". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 14, 2024. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
- ^ Reilly, Rick (August 12, 1984). "Coe Wins Race of Attrition". Los Angeles Times. pp. 126, 166.
- ^ "Coe Left His Mark on 1984 Olympics". The New York Times. August 13, 1984. Archived from the original on August 14, 2024. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ Mifflin, Lawrie (August 3, 1984). "Gushiken of Japan Rallies to Win All-Around Title". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
- ^ "Swimmers, Gymnasts Close Up on Note". The Lompoc Record. August 5, 1984. p. B2.
- ^ Ostlere, Lawrence (August 11, 2024). "Olympic medal table: USA beat China to top spot at Paris 2024". The Independent. Archived from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
- ^ Araton, Harvey (August 18, 2008). "A Medal Count That Adds Up To Little". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 21, 2023. Retrieved July 25, 2024.
- ^ Cons, Roddy (August 10, 2024). "What happens if two countries are tied in the Olympic medal table? Tiebreaker rules explained". Diario AS. Archived from the original on August 11, 2024. Retrieved August 11, 2024.
- ^ "Boxing". NBC Sports. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
- ^ "International Judo Federation". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
- ^ "Americans Rediscover Gym Skills". The Arizona Republic. July 13, 1984. p. C1.
- ^ "Women Dominates Day's Events; Moses Marches On". Los Angeles Times. August 6, 1984. p. 64.
- ^ "On a Night of Perfect 10s, Li at the Pinnacle with 3 Golds". Detroit Free Press. August 5, 1984. p. 10-E.
- ^ "Chinese Gymnast Takes Three Gold, One Silver". The Age. August 6, 1984. p. 25.
- ^ "Seven Other Olympic Instances of Duplicate or Delayed Medals". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved August 31, 2021.
- ^ "BYU's Padilla Hangs Up 'No Smoking' Sign at L.A. Games". The Salt Lake Tribune. August 11, 1984. p. B6.
- ^ "1984 Summer Olympics Overview". Olympedia. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ^ "Swede Loses Silver For Using Steroids". The New York Times. August 6, 1984. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
- ^ "Doping Cases Might Not Be Decided Until November". Los Angeles Times. August 14, 1984. p. 83.
External links
edit- "Los Angeles 1984". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.