SERVICE CULTURE
Delia Theresa c. Escobar, Ph.D
Lecture: Session 3 – Motivation
Objective:
Explain why motivation is a key component of leadership
Evaluate your personal motivation
Identify ways to improve your motivation to become a competent leader
Recall
Self-Awareness and Self-Regulation - how being aware of our behaviors
and thoughts affects how we lead and work with others.
Self-awareness – knowing who you are.
Self-regulation – managing your behavior and emotions.
Today, we explore the fuel that drives all of that — MOTIVATION.
MOTIVATION
• It’s the force or influence that causes someone to act.
• Motivation is deeply personal and shaped by our
experiences, environment, and values.
• Motivation – your inner drive
A
Theories and Concepts of motivation
A. Two-Factor Theory (Frederick Herzberg)
Frederick Herzberg proposed that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from two different sets of factors:
Two main factors:
o Motivators (e.g., achievement, recognition, meaningful work)
✅ Motivators (Intrinsic to the job)
These are factors that make people feel satisfied and motivated to perform well. They’re related to the nature of the
work itself:
Achievement
Recognition
Growth or advancement
Responsibility
Meaningful or challenging work
👉 These lead to satisfaction when present, but their absence doesn’t necessarily cause dissatisfaction.
Theories and Concepts of motivation
A. Two-Factor Theory (Frederick Herzberg)
Frederick Herzberg proposed that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from two different sets of factors:
Two main factors:
o Hygiene factors (e.g., salary, job security — if lacking, they demotivate)
⚠️ Hygiene Factors (External to the job)
These don’t motivate people when present, but if missing or inadequate, they lead to dissatisfaction:
Salary
Job security
Working conditions
Company policies
Relationships with coworkers/supervisors
👉 Their presence prevents dissatisfaction, but doesn’t truly motivate or satisfy employees.
Theories and Concepts of motivation
🔄 Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation
🌟 Intrinsic Motivation
This comes from within the individual. It’s driven by personal interest, passion, or a desire to improve or grow:
• Enjoying the process
• Sense of accomplishment
• Curiosity
• Personal development
🎁 Extrinsic Motivation
This is driven by external rewards or pressures. It’s about doing something to gain a reward or avoid punishment:
• Money or bonuses
• Grades
• Praise
• Avoiding reprimands or consequences
📌 “Can you share something you do just because you love it?”
“How does that compare to something you do just for a reward?”
Herzberg’s theory mostly deals with motivation at
work. His “motivators” align with intrinsic
motivation, while “hygiene factors” relate more to
extrinsic motivation. The theory highlights how
different factors affect job satisfaction, and why
managers need to go beyond salaries to boost
performance and fulfillment.
B. Goal-Setting Theory (Edwin Locke)
• Specific, challenging goals improve performance
• Goals give direction, increase effort, and clarify
expectations
• Feedback is essential
📌
“What are personal goals you’ve set recently? How did
you stay motivated to achieve them?”
"Do you think students or employees work better with
clear, challenging goals?"
C. Drive Theory (Clark Hull)
We act to reduce internal drives like hunger, thirst,
achievement
When needs aren’t met, we feel tension or anxiety
Drive leads us to act; relief reinforces behavior
📌 Reflect:
“Think about a time you felt so driven to achieve
something — what was it?”
D. Acquired Needs Theory (David McClelland)
People are motivated by different needs:
• Achievement – goal-setters, challenge-seekers
• Power – influence, control, leadership
• Affiliation – desire for belonging, relationships
📌
“Which need drives you the most — achievement, power, or
affiliation? Why?”
Leadership and Management
Let’s compare Management vs. Leadership:
Management Leadership
Task-oriented, formal authority People-oriented, informal influence
Focuses on systems and processes Focuses on vision and inspiration
Relies on control Relies on trust
📌
•“Would you rather be a manager or a leader? Why?”
•“Can someone be both? How?”
According to Linda Tennant, GOOD LEADERS:
Understand individual motivators
Avoid fear-based tactics
Align motivation with strengths
Set clear expectations
Recognize that money isn’t the only driver
📌
“Motivation is a leader’s primary role.”
Do this..
How do motivation, self-awareness, and self-regulation relate to
leadership?
Do you believe these are competencies? Why or why not?
Remember
“Competencies are skills we develop and strengthen through use
— and motivation is one of the most powerful leadership tools
you can build.”
