伽藍菜屬
外觀
伽藍菜屬 | |
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長壽花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots |
目: | 虎耳草目 Saxifragales |
科: | 景天科 Crassulaceae |
屬: | 伽藍菜屬 Kalanchoe Adans., 1763 |
部分種 | |
見正文 | |
異名 | |
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伽藍菜屬(學名:Kalanchoe),又名燈籠草屬,是景天科下的一個屬,為肉質植物。該屬共有約200種,大部分原產於非洲,少數產自亞洲熱帶地區。[1]肉質的草本、亞灌木或藤本植物。葉子輪生或交互對生,光滑或有毛,很多種的葉尖有不定芽,能發育成小植株。頂生圓錐錐花序或聚傘花序,花瓣萼片均為4枚。
分佈
[編輯]本屬有200種,1種分佈美洲,56種來自非洲東部和南部,60種來自馬達加斯加,其餘分佈在亞洲。
分類
[編輯]- 伽藍菜亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe(包括伽藍菜K. ceratophylla、長壽花K. blossfeldiana、唐印K. luciae等)
- 伽藍木亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Calophygia(包括伽藍木K. arborescens、褐斑伽藍K. tomentosa、趣蝶蓮K. synsepala等)
- 落地生根亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum(包括落地生根K. pinnata、玉吊鐘K. fedtschenkoi、極樂鳥藤K. scandens等)
- 釣宮燈亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia(包括釣宮燈K. gracilipes、全緣釣宮燈K. manginii以及二者的雜交品種釣魚竿宮燈等)
- 宮燈長壽亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Alatae(包括宮燈長壽花K. porphyrocalyx、臥莖宮燈長壽K. uniflora,有時併入釣宮燈亞屬)
以下是本屬部分物種:[4]
- Kalanchoe adelae
- Kalanchoe apiifolia D.-P. Klein, Shtein & Callm.[5]
- 伽藍木 Kalanchoe arborescens
- 闊葉極樂鳥 Kalanchoe beauverdii
- 仙人扇 Kalanchoe beharensis – 仙女之舞、玫葉兔耳
- Kalanchoe bentii
- 長壽花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
- Kalanchoe bouvetii
- 紅花銀伽藍 Kalanchoe bracteata – 銀景天、銀茶匙、銀之太鼓
- 巴西伽藍菜 Kalanchoe brasiliensis Larrañaga, 1922
- 伽藍菜 Kalanchoe ceratophylla Haw., 1821 – 小燈籠草
- 圓齒伽藍菜 Kalanchoe crenata Britten, 1871
- Kalanchoe crundallii I.Verd., 1946
- 斑背落地生根 Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier, 1914 – 綴卞慶、大葉虎紋落地生根、大葉落地生根
- Kalanchoe darainensis D.-P. Klein & Callm.[6]
- 棒葉落地生根 Kalanchoe delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh., 1837 – 洋吊鐘
- Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy, 2022[7]
- 變葉伽藍木 Kalanchoe dinklagei – 麋鹿之舞
- 白兔耳 Kalanchoe eriophylla – 福兔耳
- Kalanchoe fadeniorum
- 粉葉圓貝草 Kalanchoe farinacea – 圓貝草、圓貝葉
- 玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi – 蝴蝶之舞
- Kalanchoe figureidoi – 媚惑彩虹
- Kalanchoe flammea
- 掌上珠 Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri
- Kalanchoe glaucescens
- 台南伽藍菜 Kalanchoe garambiensis – 鵝鑾鼻燈籠草
- 釣宮燈 Kalanchoe gracilipes
- Kalanchoe grandidieri
- 大花伽藍菜 Kalanchoe grandiflora
- 銀伽藍木 Kalanchoe hildebrantii 銀茶匙
- 濕潤落地生根 Kalanchoe humifica – 黑死蝶
- Kalanchoe humilis – 紫式部、虎紋伽藍菜
- Kalanchoe hypseloleuce Friis & M. G. Gilbert[8]
- 匙葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe integra – 匙葉燈籠草
- 佛甲伽藍菜 Kalanchoe jongmansii
- Kalanchoe kewensis
- 條裂伽藍菜 Kalanchoe laciniata
- 綠葉落地生根 Kalanchoe laetivirens – 蕾絲姑娘、大葉落地生根、寬葉落地生根
- 磚色伽藍菜 Kalanchoe lateritia – 圓葉地氈
- 圓齒玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe laxiflora - 翩蝶之舞、錦繡牡丹、疏花落地生根
- Kalanchoe linearifolia
- 長花伽藍菜 Kalanchoe longiflora – 魔海
- 唐印 Kalanchoe luciae
- 大萼落地生根 Kalanchoe macrochlamys
- 全緣釣宮燈 Kalanchoe manginii
- 大理石草 Kalanchoe marmorata – 江戶紫
- 圓葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe marnieriana – 白姬之舞、貝殼
- 彩萼落地生根 Kalanchoe maromokotrensis – 花燈籠
- Kalanchoe millotii – 千兔耳
- 朱紅釣宮燈 Kalanchoe miniata
- 耳葉掌上珠 Kalanchoe mortagei
- 盾葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe nyikae – 日蓮之盃
- 鈍圓伽藍菜 Kalanchoe obtusa
- 金伽藍木 Kalanchoe orgyalis – 金景天、銅茶匙、金卵
- 盾葉釣宮燈 Kalanchoe peltata
- 盾葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe peltigera
- Kalanchoe peteri
- Kalanchoe petitiana
- 落地生根 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.[9]
- 宮燈長壽花 Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx
- Kalanchoe prasina
- 珠芽落地生根 Kalanchoe prolifera – 五節之舞
- Kalanchoe producta
- 柔毛釣宮燈 Kalanchoe pubescens
- 銀葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe pumila – 白銀之舞
- Kalanchoe quartiniana
- 雀扇 Kalanchoe rhombopilosa
- Kalanchoe rhombipilosa var. viridis – 綠雀扇
- Kalanchoe rhombopilosa var. argentea – 碧靈芝
- Kalanchoe robusta
- Kalanchoe rolandi-bonapartei
- 戟葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe rosei
- 綠葉圓貝草 Kalanchoe rotundifolia – 小圓貝、花葉圓貝草
- 極樂鳥藤 Kalanchoe scandens – 極樂鳥
- 花莛圓貝草 Kalanchoe scapigera
- 伽藍藤 Kalanchoe schizophylla
- 鋸齒玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe serrata
- 朱蓮 Kalanchoe sexangularis
- 折瓣伽藍菜 Kalanchoe streptantha
- 綠葉掌上珠 Kalanchoe suarezensis
- 趣蝶蓮 Kalanchoe synsepala – 雙飛蝴蝶
- 台東伽藍菜 Kalanchoe tashiroi
- 四葉伽藍 Kalanchoe tetraphylla
- Kalanchoe thyrsiflora
- 褐斑伽藍 Kalanchoe tomentosa – 月兔耳
- 臥莖宮燈長壽 Kalanchoe uniflora
- Kalanchoe viguieri – 新加坡兔
- 變葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe variifolia 漸狹玉吊鐘
- Kalanchoe waldheimii
- 雜交種:
- Kalanchoe ×cantabrigiensis Guillaumin
- Kalanchoe ×descoingsii Shtein, Gideon F.Sm. & J.Ikeda
- Kalanchoe ×edwardii Gideon F.Sm. & Shtein
- Kalanchoe ×estrelae Gideon F.Sm.
- Kalanchoe ×felthamensis
- Kalanchoe ×flaurantia Desc.
- Kalanchoe ×forbesiae Gideon F.Sm. & Hankey
- Kalanchoe ×gildenhuysii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
- Kalanchoe ×gunniae Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
- Kalanchoe ×hankeyi Gideon F.Sm.
- 箭葉落地生根 Kalanchoe ×houghtonii D.B.Ward – 不死鳥
- Kalanchoe ×hummeliae Gideon F.Sm.
- Kalanchoe ×kewensis W.Watson
- Kalanchoe ×leistneri Gideon F.Sm.
- Kalanchoe ×lokarana Desc.
- 條葉落地生根 Kalanchoe ×richaudii Desc.
- 矮長壽花 Kalanchoe ×trageri Gideon F.Sm.
- 栽培品種:
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-10]. (原始內容存檔於2012-04-11).
- ^ Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.
- ^ Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.
- ^ Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6
- ^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12
- ^ Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591
- ^ Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7
- ^ POTWO 2019.