How To Remove Creosote From a Fireplace

Fireplaces add charm and warmth to any home, but they require proper maintenance to function safely. One important aspect of fireplace upkeep is removing creosote buildup. Creosote, a byproduct of burning wood, can accumulate in your fireplace and chimney, posing a serious fire hazard if left unchecked. This article will explore effective methods for removing creosote and maintaining a safe, clean fireplace. Mason Mark McCullough demonstrates the process of removing stubborn creosote from a brick fireplace in the video.

What is Creosote?

Creosote is a natural byproduct of burning wood or coal. It forms when combustion is incomplete, often due to factors such as burning wet wood or maintaining low-temperature fires. If left untreated, creosote can accumulate on the walls of your fireplace and chimney, creating a dangerous situation.

Types of Creosote

There are three stages of creosote buildup:

• Stage 1: A light, sooty substance that’s relatively easy to remove
• Stage 2: A flaky, tar-like deposit that’s more challenging to clean
• Stage 3: A hard, glossy, and extremely flammable substance that’s the most difficult to remove

Why Creosote Removal is Important

Removing creosote is crucial for several reasons:

• Fire prevention: Creosote is highly flammable and can cause chimney fires
• Improved efficiency: Creosote buildup can reduce your fireplace’s efficiency
• Better air quality: Creosote can release harmful fumes when heated

Safety Precautions When Removing Creosote

Proper safety measures must be taken before attempting to remove creosote. Creosote can be harmful if inhaled or if it comes into contact with skin or eyes.

Protective Gear

Wear the following protective equipment:

• Safety goggles
• Respirator mask
• Gloves
• Long-sleeved clothing

Ventilation

Open windows and doors in the room where you’re working to ensure proper ventilation. This will help dissipate any fumes and dust created during the cleaning process.

Tools and Materials

To effectively remove creosote, you’ll need the following tools and materials:

• Metal putty knife
• Grinder with a wire wheel attachment
• Drill with an abrasive blade attachment
• Wet/dry vacuum with a HEPA filter
• Stiff-bristled brush
• Bucket
• Brick and stone cleaner
• Water

Step-By-Step Creosote Removal Process

Follow these steps to remove creosote from your fireplace:

1. Start with dry cleaning methods.
2. Use mechanical tools for stubborn deposits.
3. Apply chemical cleaners.
4. Rinse and finish.

1. Dry Cleaning Methods

Begin by using a metal putty knife to scrape off as much loose creosote as possible. This will primarily remove stage 1 and some stage 2 creosote. Be thorough but careful not to damage the brick or stone surface.

2. Mechanical Cleaning

For more stubborn deposits, use power tools:

1. Use a grinder with a wire wheel attachment to remove stage 2 and some stage 3 creosote. Work in small sections, applying steady pressure.
2. Use a drill with an abrasive blade attachment for hard-to-reach areas and joints between bricks.
3. Vacuum the debris frequently using a wet/dry vacuum with a HEPA filter to minimize dust.

3. Chemical Cleaning

After mechanical cleaning, use chemical cleaners for remaining deposits:

1. Dampen the brick surface with water using a stiff-bristled brush.
2. Apply a brick and stone cleaner liberally to the surface. Allow it to soak in for a few minutes.
3. Scrub the surface with the brush, rinsing it frequently in clean water.
4. For particularly stubborn areas, you may need to use a stronger, professional-grade creosote remover.

4. Rinse and Finish

1. Rinse the entire surface thoroughly with clean water.
2. Use the wet/dry vacuum to remove excess water and debris.
3. Allow the fireplace to dry completely before use.

Creosote Prevention Tips

To minimize creosote buildup in the future, follow these prevention tips:

• Use only dry, seasoned hardwoods
• Avoid burning softwoods like pine, which produce more creosote
• Maintain proper fire temperature
• Have your chimney professionally inspected and cleaned annually

Professional Creosote Cleaning

While DIY creosote removal can be effective for light to moderate buildup, it’s important to know when to call a professional. Consider hiring a certified chimney sweep if:

• You have heavy stage 3 creosote buildup
• You’re uncomfortable working with power tools or chemicals
• Your chimney hasn’t been professionally inspected in over a year
• You notice any structural issues or damage to your fireplace or chimney

Professional chimney sweeps have specialized tools and expertise to thoroughly clean and inspect your entire chimney system, ensuring its safety and efficiency.

Additional Tips for Chimney Maintenance

Proper chimney maintenance goes beyond regular creosote removal. Here are some additional tips to keep your fireplace and chimney in excellent condition:

Annual Inspections

Schedule an annual chimney inspection by a certified professional to detect and address any issues early. This will help prevent more extensive and costly repairs down the line.

Chimney Caps

Installing a chimney cap can prevent debris, animals, and rainwater from entering your chimney. A chimney cap also helps reduce downdrafts, making your fireplace more efficient.

Regular Cleanings

Chimney cleanings can remove creosote, soot, ash, and other debris that may hinder your fireplace’s performance. Plan to clean your chimney at least once a year, preferably before the onset of the colder months.

Monitor for Signs of Damage

Regularly check your chimney for signs of wear and tear, such as cracks, loose bricks, or damaged mortar. Addressing these issues promptly can prevent more severe damage and ensure your chimney’s longevity.

Firewood Storage

Properly storing your firewood can significantly reduce creosote buildup. Keep your wood off the ground and covered to protect it from moisture. Stack the wood in a crisscross pattern to allow for proper ventilation and drying.

The Role of Chimney Sweeps

Chimney sweeps are essential for maintaining a clean and safe chimney. They are trained to identify and address various chimney-related issues, from creosote buildup to structural concerns. Here are some tasks a professional chimney sweep can perform:

• Inspection: Thoroughly inspect your chimney for any signs of damage or wear
• Cleaning: Remove creosote, soot, and debris from your chimney
• Repair: Address any structural issues, such as cracks or damaged flue liners
• Safety advice: Provide recommendations for maintaining a safe and efficient fireplace

Hiring a professional chimney sweep ensures that your chimney is in top condition and reduces the risk of fire hazards.

Choosing the Right Chimney Sweep

When selecting a chimney sweep, consider the following factors:

• Certification: Ensure the chimney sweep is certified by a recognized organization, such as the Chimney Safety Institute of America (CSIA).
• Experience: Look for a chimney sweep with a proven track record and experience in handling various types of chimneys.
• References: Ask for references or read online reviews to gauge the quality of their work.
• Insurance: Verify that the chimney sweep has liability insurance to cover any potential damages during the cleaning process.
• Pricing: Consider obtaining quotes from multiple chimney sweeps to ensure you’re getting a fair price for the services.

A reputable chimney sweep will prioritize your safety and provide comprehensive services to keep your chimney in optimal condition.

The Importance of Proper Burning Practices

Following proper burning practices is essential for minimizing creosote buildup and maintaining a safe fireplace. Here are some tips for efficient and safe burning:

• Use seasoned hardwood: Burn only dry, seasoned hardwoods such as oak, maple, or ash. These woods burn more efficiently and produce less creosote compared to softwoods like pine.
• Avoid burning garbage: Do not burn household trash, cardboard, or treated wood in your fireplace, as these materials can produce harmful chemicals and increase creosote buildup.
• Maintain proper airflow: Ensure your fireplace has adequate ventilation to support efficient combustion. Open the damper fully when starting a fire and adjust it as needed to maintain a steady flame.
• Use small, hot fires: Smaller, hotter fires produce less creosote than large, slow-burning fires. Add wood gradually to maintain a consistent temperature.

By following these burning practices, you can enjoy a safer and more efficient fireplace while reducing the need for frequent creosote removal.

Resources

McCullough recommends wearing eye protection, gloves, a respirator mask—and opening the windows—whenever disturbing creosote.

Results may vary depending on the amount and age of creosote buildup.

To get started, McCullough uses a metal putty knife to chip away as much of the stage 2 creosote as possible. Stage 2 creosote can be identified by its flaky texture.

Next, he uses a handheld grinder with a wire wheel brush and rust stripper attachments to continue to remove stage 2 as well as stage 3. McCullough advises starting with the wire wheel brush to remove the more stubborn wax-like build-up, which is Stage 3.

To remove the remaining creosote, McCullough recommends saturating the brick with water using a scrub brush. Apply a brick and stone cleaner of your choice. (Follow product instructions for application). Rinse the treated area with a scrub brush and repeat until satisfied with the results.

All supplies are available at your local home store.

Tools