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Perl.Hacks.On.Vim

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Lin Yo-An
Lin Yo-An

This document discusses how Vim can improve productivity for Perl coding. It provides examples of using Vim motions and modes like Normal mode, Insert mode, and Visual mode to efficiently edit code. It also covers Vim features like syntax highlighting, custom syntax files, key mappings, and text objects that are useful for Perl. The document advocates that Vim is a powerful editor rather than an IDE and highlights how it can save significant time compared to less efficient editing methods.

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Perl Hacks on Vim Lin You-An c9s / Cornelius pause id: CORNELIUS
HI
I am Lin You-An
Taiwan
VIM & Perl
how can vim improve perl coding productivity
The worst way to edit
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join();
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); Oops! lost “a”
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); xN
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join();
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join();
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); if this costs 4 sec
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); if this costs 4 sec if x 50 times this kind of situation per day
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); if this costs 4 sec if x 50 times this kind of situation per day
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); if this costs 4 sec if x 50 times this kind of situation per day and you work for more than 300 day per year = 16.6 hours
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); if this costs 4 sec x 50 times this kind of situation per day ? and you work for more than 300 day per year = 16.6 hours
#!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); if this costs 4 sec Awful x 50 times this kind of situation per day ? and you work for more than 300 day per year = 16.6 hours
What can you do in 16.6 hours
with family
with friends
kids
or more hacking
sleep...
anyway , time is money
The VIM way...
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $hppiness = yapcasia->join(); F h
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); a ppend a
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = yapcasia->join(); f y
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = Yapcasia->join(); ~
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = YApcasia->join(); ~
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = YAPcasia->join(); ~
VIM: #!/usr/bin/env perl my $happiness = YAPCasia->join(); ~
So What is VIM ?
VIM is not an IDE
VIM is an Editor
VI Improved
Move More Efficiently.
Learning Curve
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Features
1. Mode
More Than 4 Edit Mode
INSERT NORMAL VISUAL SELECT ... et cetera
ESC [Ii]NSERT NORMAL [Vv]ISUAL
1.1 Normal Mode
Motion
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
HJKL ←↓↑→
h ,j ,k ,l H ,M ,L w ,e ,b f[x] , t[x] [{ , ]} , % ( ,) ,{ ,}
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; Cursor } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something [{ my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } f@ sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } $ sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } ^ sub func1 { }
# comments ... H foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; M } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } sub func1 { } L
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } C Insert mode sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } sub func1 { }
# comments ... foreach my $foo ( @bar ) { # do something my @outs = grep /pattern/ , @list; } % sub func1 { }
:h motion.txt
1.2 Insert Mode
Editing text
Insert Mode • i : Insert text before the cursor
Insert Mode • i : Insert text before the cursor • I : Insert text before the first non-blank in the line
Insert Mode • i : Insert text before the cursor • I : Insert text before the first non-blank in the line • a : Append text after the cursor
Insert Mode • i : Insert text before the cursor • I : Insert text before the first non-blank in the line • a : Append text after the cursor • A : Append text at the end of the line
1.3 Visual Mode
Select region
Visual Mode • v : start Visual mode per character.
Visual Mode • v : start Visual mode per character. • V : start Visual mode linewise.
Visual Mode • v : start Visual mode per character. • V : start Visual mode linewise. • Ctrl-v : start Visual mode blockwise.
Visual Mode • v : start Visual mode per character. • V : start Visual mode linewise. • Ctrl-v : start Visual mode blockwise. operator y (yank) , d (delete) , c (change) ... etc
2. Syntax Highlight Support
/opt/local/share/vim/vim72 $ ls -1 syntax/ | wc -l 520 more than 500 syntax files
Customizable Syntax
Perl needs syntax
but we design more syntax in Perl
Modules need syntax too
Template::Declare template simple => sub { html { head {} body { p {'Hello, world wide web!'} } } }; # ... templates
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
package MyView; use Markapl; tempalte '/a/page.html' => sub { h1("#title") { "Hi" }; p(".first") { "In the begining, lorem ipsum...." }; p(style => "color: red;") { "But...." }; }
Jifty::DBI::Schema package TestApp::Model::Phone; use Jifty::DBI::Schema; use Jifty::DBI::Record schema { column user => references TestApp::Model::User by 'id', is mandatory; column type => ...; column value => ...; };
~/.vim/syntax/[filetype].vim
~/.vim/syntax/[filetype].vim syn match [id] [re] [options]
~/.vim/syntax/[filetype].vim syn match [id] [re] [options] syn region [id] start=[re] end=[re]
~/.vim/syntax/[filetype].vim syn match [id] [re] [options] syn region [id] start=[re] end=[re] syn keyword [id] [keyword] ...
~/.vim/syntax/[filetype].vim syn match [id] [re] [options] syn region [id] start=[re] end=[re] syn keyword [id] [keyword] ... hi [id] guibg=[color] ctermfg=[color]
~/.vim/syntax/perl/*.vim ~/.vim/syntax/perl/jifty.vim ~/.vim/syntax/perl/template-declare.vim ~/.vim/syntax/perl/markapl.vim
" Fold Jifty Templates syn region jifty_td_fold start=+^(privates+)=templates+ end=+^};+ transparent fold keepend " Fold Jifty Template Delcare Tags syn region jifty_tag_fold start="^z(s*)<(div|table|row|form|script| cell|row|th|tfoot)>s*{" end="^z1};=" fold keepend
Fold Jifty::DBI schema columns and action params syn region jfscolumn start=+^s*(param|column)>+ end=+;+ contained contains=jfspropertybe,jfsproperty,jfscol,jfscolname, perlComment, perlString, perlFunction, perlFloat, perlNumber, perlSpecialString, perlStringUnexpanded fold
:help syntax.txt
4. key mapping
:map :nmap :vmap :imap :smap :xmap ... more
:map (all) :nmap (normal mode) :vmap (visual mode) :imap (insert mode) :smap (select mode) :xmap (visual , select mode) ... more
:nmap <C-c><C-c> :!perl -Wc % Ctrl C Ctrl C let perl check current perl script syntax
use Tab and Shift-Tab to indent region , instead of “>” and “<“ nmap <tab> v> nmap <s-tab> v< vmap <tab> >gv vmap <s-tab> <gv
imap <F2> <C-R>=strftime("%c")<CR> imap <F2> <C-R>=system(‘perl -MDateTime -e DateTime->now’)<CR> to insert timestamp
cmap <c-a> <home> cmap <c-e> <end> cnoremap <c-b> <left> cnoremap <c-d> <del> cnoremap <c-f> <right> cnoremap <c-n> <down> cnoremap <c-p> <up> cnoremap <esc><c-b> <s-left> cnoremap <esc><c-f> <s-right> support bash-like key mapping
:h map.txt
5. Text Object
Text Object • word • string ⇛ action • paragraph (yank,delete,change ...etc) • block
Operator Mapping v|c|d i|a { | [ | ( |“ |‘ visual Region change Inner Object {} delete An Object [] () ““ Operator ‘‘
va{
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
sub( blah , blah ) ci( sub( ) sub( new_args )
“Hello World” di” “” “Hello New World”
Vim7.1 Comes with tag block region
<aaa> Hola </aaa> vit <aaa> Hola </aaa> Visual Select
Alias "dl" delete character (alias: "x") |dl| "diw" delete inner word *diw* "daw" delete a word *daw* "diW" delete inner WORD (see |WORD|) *diW* "daW" delete a WORD (see |WORD|) *daW* "dd" delete one line |dd| "dis" delete inner sentence *dis* "das" delete a sentence *das* "dib" delete inner '(' ')' block *dib* "dab" delete a '(' ')' block *dab* "dip" delete inner paragraph *dip* "dap" delete a paragraph *dap* "diB" delete inner '{' '}' block *diB* "daB" delete a '{' '}' block
8. FOLDS
FOLD IS
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Fold Methods
Fold Methods Syntax Fold
Fold Methods Syntax Fold :set foldmethod=syntax set fold method as syntax , check out more options in: $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/*.vim
Perl built-in syntax /opt/local/share/vim/vim72/syntax/perl.vim if exists("perl_want_scope_in_variables") “ ..... if exists("perl_extended_vars") “ ..... if exists("perl_fold") “ ..... you can enablethose features in your .vimrc let perl_fold = 1 let perl_extended_vars = 1 “ .... etc
for complex things like @{${"foo"}}. let perl_include_pod = 1 let perl_extended_vars = 1 let perl_want_scope_in_variables = 1 let perl_fold = 1 let perl_fold_blocks = 1 for something like $pack::var1
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold :set foldmethod=marker fold region by markers , the default marker is “{{{“ , “}}}”
# fold this {{{ sub do_something { # a lot of work ... } # }}}
# fold this {{{ sub do_something { # a lot of work ... # foldlevel 2 {{{2 # foldlevel 4 {{{4 # }}}4 # foldlevel here is 3 # }}}2 } # }}}
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold Indent Fold
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold Indent Fold :set foldmethod=indent use indent to fold
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold Indent Fold Manual Fold
:set foldmethod=manual create folds manually
autocmd BufWinLeave *.* silent mkview autocmd BufWinEnter *.* silent loadview autocmd mkview , loadview ~/.vim/view/
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold Indent Fold Manual Fold Expr Fold (Custom Fold Function)
:set foldexpr=MyFoldLevel(v:lnum) customized fold function
Fold Methods Syntax Fold Marker Fold Indent Fold Manual Fold Expr Fold (Custom Fold Function) Diff Fold
*za* za When on a closed fold: open it. When folds are nested, you may have to use "za" several times. When a count is given, that many closed folds are opened. za When on an open fold: close it and set 'foldenable'. This will only close one level, since using "za" again will open zA the fold. When a count is given that many folds will be closed (that's not the same as repeating "za" that many times). *zA* zA When on a closed fold: open it recursively. zm When on an open fold: close it recursively and set zM zm Fold more: Subtract one from 'foldlevel'. If 'foldlevel' was already zero nothing happens. zr 'foldenable' will be set. *zM* zR zM Close all folds: set 'foldlevel' to 0. 'foldenable' will be set. zj , zk [z , ]z
:h folding
10. QuickFix
:grep
:grep [pattern] [filepath]
Result ⇛ QuickFix Window
QuickFix Window
:set grepprg=/path/to/grep
:copen
:cclose
:cnext
:cprevious
QuickFix Window Toggle com! -bang -nargs=? QFix cal QFixToggle(<bang>0) fu! QFixToggle(forced) if exists("g:qfix_win") && a:forced == 0 cclose unlet g:qfix_win else copen 10 let g:qfix_win = bufnr("$") en endf nn <leader>q :QFix<cr> nmap to “q” , the default <leader> key is “”
9. Helpful Settings
Should we re-indent code manually ?
PerlTidy++
:set equalprg=perltidy
:set equalprg=perltidy to re-format a region , set perltidy as your reformater then press “=” , it will pass to perltidy
autocmd Filetype perl :set equalprg=perltidy when filetype is perl use autocmd to set equalprg
to reformat SQL , we have SQL::Beautify module
SQL::Beautify $ cat bin/sql-beautify.pl #!/usr/bin/env perl use warnings; use strict; use SQL::Beautify; local $/; my $sql = SQL::Beautify->new( query => <STDIN> , spaces => 4 , break => "n" ); print $sql->beautify; autocmd Filetype sql :set equalprg=sql-beautify.pl command! -range SQLF :'<,'>!/Users/c9s/bin/sql-beautify.pl
HTML Entities $ cat bin/html-entities.pl use HTML::Entities; for ( <STDIN> ) { print encode_entities( $_ ) . "n"; } command! -range Entities :'<,'>!/Users/c9s/bin/html-entities.pl " <a href="">YAPC ASIA</a> &quot; &lt;a href=&quot;&quot;&gt;YAPC ASIA&lt;/a&gt;
Morse Encoder use Convert::Morse qw(as_ascii as_morse is_morsable); print as_morse( $_ ) . “n” for ( <STDIN> ); command! -range Morse :'<,'>!/Users/c9s/bin/morse-encode.pl sub handler_start { my ( $kernel, $heap, $session ) = @_[ KERNEL, HEAP, SESSION ]; print "Session ", $session->ID, " has started.n"; $heap->{count} = 0; $kernel->yield('increment'); } ... ..- -... .... .- -. -.. .-.. . .-. ..--.- ... - .- .-. - { -- -.-- -.--. $-.- . .-. -. . .-.. --..-- $.... . .- .--. --..-- $... . ... ... .. --- -. -.--.- -...- .--.-. ..--.- [ -.- .--. .-. .. -. - .-..-. ... . ... ... .. --- -. .-..-. --..-- $... . ... ... .. --- -. -....- >.. -.. --..-- .-..-. .... .- . $.... . .- .--. -....- >{-.-. --- ..- -. - } -...- ----- -.-.- $-.- . .-. -. . .-.. -....- >-.-- .. . .-.. -.. -.--. .----. .. -. -.-. .-. . -- . -. - .----. -.--.- -.-.- }
source code traverse
Case: use Data::Dumper; we need to find Data/Dumper.pm in @INC then type something like $ vim /opt/local/..../site_perl/Data/Dumper.pm
fu! GetCursorModuleName() let cw = substitute( expand("<cWORD>") , '.{-}((w+)(::w+ )*).*$' , '1' , '' ) return cw endfunction fu! TranslateModuleName(n) return substitute( a:n , '::' , '/' , 'g' ) . '.pm' endf fu! GetPerlLibPaths() let out = system('perl -e ''print join "n",@INC''') let paths = split( out , "n" ) return paths endf
fu! FindModuleFileInPaths() let paths = GetPerlLibPaths() let fname = TranslateModuleName( GetCursorModuleName() ) let methodname = GetMethodName() if TabGotoFile( 'lib/' . fname , methodname ) return endif for p in paths let fullpath = p . '/' . fname if TabGotoFile( fullpath , methodname ) break endif endfor endfunction nmap <leader>fm :call FindModuleFileInPaths()<CR> type “fm” rather than type $ perldoc ‐m Module::Name
Install CPAN Module from <cWORD> nmap <C-x><C-i> :call InstallCPANModule()<CR> function! InstallCPANModule() let l = getline('.') let cw = substitute( expand('<cWORD>') , ";$" , "" , "g" ) let cw = substitute( cw , "['"]" , "" , "g" ) echo "Installing CPAN Module: " . cw . "n" silent exec "!cpanp i " . cw . " >& /dev/null" echo "Donen" endfunction
Skeletons au bufnewfile *.pl 0r ~/.vim/skeleton/template.pl au bufnewfile *.pod 0r ~/.vim/skeleton/template.pod au bufnewfile *.pm 0r ~/.vim/skeleton/template.pm
more than one skeleton for perl code fu! ReadTemplate() let sname = input( "template type:" ) exec '0r ~/.vim/skeleton/perl/' . sname . '.pl' endf command! NewFromSkeleton :call ReadTemplate()
nm cr= ^f=cf; nm cl= ^f=c^
Pod Helper fu! PodHelperFunctionHeader() let subname = substitute( getline('.') , 'subs+(w+)s +.*$' , '1' , "" ) let lines = [ '=head2 ' . subname , '' , '' , '' , '=cut' , '', ] for text in lines :call append( line('.') - 1 , text ) endfor :call cursor( line('.') - len( lines ) + 2 , 1 ) endf nmap <leader>pf :call PodHelperFunctionHeader()<CR>
abbr _perlbin #!/usr/bin/env perl abbr _s $self
detect features if has('perl') endif if has(‘netbeans_intg’) endif
crossplatform settings if has('mac') elseif has(‘win32’) elseif has(‘unix’) endif
if you compiled vim with perl
function! WhitePearl() perl << EOF VIM::Msg("pearls are nice for necklaces"); VIM::Msg("rubys for rings"); VIM::Msg("pythons for bags"); VIM::Msg("tcls????"); EOF endfunction
:perl $a=1 :perldo $_ = reverse($_);1 :perl VIM::Msg("hello") :perl $line = $curbuf->Get(42)
:perl VIM::Msg("Text") # displays a message :perl VIM::Msg("Error", "ErrorMsg") # displays an error message :perl VIM::Msg("remark", "Comment") # displays a highlighted message :perl VIM::SetOption("ai") # sets a vim option :perl $nbuf = VIM::Buffers() # returns the number of buffers :perl @buflist = VIM::Buffers() # returns array of all buffers :perl $mybuf = (VIM::Buffers('qq.c'))[0] # returns buffer object for 'q :perl @winlist = VIM::Windows() # returns array of all windows :perl $nwin = VIM::Windows() # returns the number of windows :perl ($success, $v) = VIM::Eval('&path') # $v: option 'path', $success :perl ($success, $v) = VIM::Eval('&xyz') # $v: '' and $success: 0 :perl $v = VIM::Eval('expand("<cfile>")') # expands <cfile> :perl $curwin->SetHeight(10) # sets the window height :perl @pos = $curwin->Cursor() # returns (row, col) array :perl @pos = (10, 10) :perl $curwin->Cursor(@pos) # sets cursor to @pos :perl $curwin->Cursor(10,10) # sets cursor to row 10 col 10
11. Plugins
perlprove.vim parse test output to quickfix window ':make *t', or ':make t'
SnipMate
snippet cla class .. initialize .. end class ${1:`substitute(Filename(), '^.', 'u&', '')`} def initialize(${2:args}) ${3} end end code snippet
DBExt.vim Database extension support Oracle, Sybase, MSSQL , MySQL, DBI etc..
xml.vim xml related
FuzzyFinder.vim Fuzzy/Partial pattern explorer
The_NERD_TREE.vim Directory Tree Explorer
The NERD Commenter Comment Helper
taglist.vim ctags macro , function , variable
autocomplpop.vim
MRU most recently used
bufexplorer.vim Buffer Explorer
git-vim
vimrc http://oulixe.us/_vimrc http://oulixe.us/_gvimrc
The old way to install vim scripts
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Download
Read Install details
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Perl.Hacks.On.Vim
Vimana Vim script Manager
• Vimball • Archive File ( zip , rar ) • .vim extension file
• Cache::File • App::CLI • Archive::Any • ...etc
it’s on CPAN $ cpan Vimana
$ vimana search xml
$ vimana search xml rrd.vim - Edit RRD data with Vim. qt.vim - tiny tool for the uic used in Qt from Trolltech syntax-for-xul - Highlighting for XML User interface Language. maven2.vim - Compiler plugin for maven2 .... skip
$ vimana info xml.vim
$ vimana install xml.vim
$ vimana install xml.vim $ vimana install rails.vim $ vimana install the-nerd-tree.vim $ vimana install taglist.vim $ vimana install snipmate $ vimana install fuzzyfinder.vim etc ... ALL Works
Future Plan • upgrade • remove • config • support makefile
Git Repository http://github.com/c9s/Vimana/tree/master
ENJOY
Thank You

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Perl.Hacks.On.Vim