Beginner's Sinatra
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Sinatra is a minimal web application framework for Ruby that allows developers to quickly create web applications. It provides routing capabilities to map HTTP requests to methods and uses a domain specific language for defining routes. Templates can be used to generate responses and Sinatra supports many template engines like ERB, Haml, and Builder. Overall, Sinatra aims to provide a simple and lightweight way to build web applications in Ruby.
![1. HTTP method + URL path
get '/path/' do ... # => '/path/'
get '/path/:dir/:file' do ... # => '/path/hoge/fuga'
get '/path/*.*' do ... # => '/path/hoge.xml'
get %r{/path/[w]+} do ... # => '/path/hoge'
first match](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-35-320.jpg)
![URL pattern (:xxx)
get '/path/:dir/:file' do # => '/path/hoge/fuga'
params[:dir] # => "hoge"
params[:file] # => "fuga"
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-53-320.jpg)
![URL pattern (*)
get '/path/*.*' do # => '/path/hoge/fuga.xml'
params[:splat] # => [ "hoge/fuga", "xml" ]
end
get '/path/*.*' do |path, ext| # => '/path/hoge/fuga.xml'
path # => "hoge/fuga"
ext # => "xml"
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-54-320.jpg)
![URL regular expression
get %r{/path/([w]+)} do # => '/path/hoge'
params[:capture] # => [ "hoge" ]
end
get %r{/path/([w]+)} do |cap| # => '/path/hoge'
cap # => [ "hoge" ]
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-55-320.jpg)
![HTTP Get query
"/?abc=hoge&def=fuga"
get '*' do
params[:abc] # => "hoge"
params[:def] # => "fuga"
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-56-320.jpg)
![HTTP Post data
<input name="abc" value="hoge">
<input name="def" value="fuga">
post '*' do
params[:abc] # => "hoge"
params[:def] # => "fuga"
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-57-320.jpg)
![1. Object
String
Fixnum (as HTTP Status code)
Array
[status (Fixnum), response body (responds to #each)]
[status (Fixnum), headers (Hash), response body (responds to #each)]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beginnerssinatrafix-120922193240-phpapp02/85/Beginner-s-Sinatra-61-320.jpg)
Beginner's Sinatra
- 1. Beginner’s Sinatra Minimal Framework in Ruby 2012/09/22 - kanazawa.rb #2
- 2. Web System Web server Application server Database server
- 3. Web System Client Web server Application server Database server
- 4. example Web System Apache Tomcat (java) PostgreSQL
- 5. example Web System nginx Rails (Ruby) MySQL
- 6. example Web System thin Sinatra (Ruby) MySQL
- 7. example Web System thin Sinatra (Ruby) MySQL
- 8. Sinatra
- 10. Sinatra http://www.sinatrarb.com Sinatra is a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby
- 11. Sinatra http://www.sinatrarb.com Sinatra is a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby
- 12. Hello world! $ gem install sinatra $ vi myapp.rb $ ruby myapp.rb
- 13. Hello world! $ gem install sinatra $ vi myapp.rb $ ruby myapp.rb
- 14. Hello world! require 'sinatra' get '/' do 'Hello world!' end
- 15. Hello world! require 'sinatra' get '/' do 'Hello world!' end that's all
- 16. Hello world! require 'sinatra' get '/' do 'Hello world!' end
- 17. Hello world! require 'sinatra' Request get '/' do 'Hello world!' end
- 18. Hello world! require 'sinatra' Request get '/' do 'Hello world!' end Handling & Response
- 19. Hello world! $ gem install sinatra $ vi myapp.rb $ ruby myapp.rb
- 20. Hello world!
- 21. Hello world!
- 24. MVC Model View Sinatra Controller
- 26. MVC ActiveRecord DataMapper Sequel Model View Controller
- 27. MVC ActiveRecord DataMapper Sequel Model View erb Controller haml Builder
- 28. MVC ActiveRecord DataMapper Sequel Model View erb Controller haml Builder As you like :)
- 29. Sinatra Minimal “Routing” Framework in Ruby handling response request handling response handling response
- 30. Routing
- 31. How to routing 1.HTTP method + URL path 2.Conditions 3.Filters 4.Passing 5.Halt & Error
- 32. 1. HTTP method + URL path HTTP method get post put delete
- 33. 1. HTTP method + URL path get '/' do ... post '/' do ... put '/' do ... delete '/' do ... first match
- 34. 1. HTTP method + URL path URL path pattern regular expressions
- 35. 1. HTTP method + URL path get '/path/' do ... # => '/path/' get '/path/:dir/:file' do ... # => '/path/hoge/fuga' get '/path/*.*' do ... # => '/path/hoge.xml' get %r{/path/[w]+} do ... # => '/path/hoge' first match
- 36. 2. Conditions user agent host name mime type (≒HTTP Accept) custom conditions
- 37. 2. Conditions get '/', :agent => /MSIE/ do ... get '/', :host_name => /^admin./ do ... get '/', :provides => :rss do ... first match
- 38. 2. Conditions set(:random) { |val| condition { rand <= val } } get '/', :random => 0.2 do ... # => 20% get '/' do ... # => 80% first match
- 40. 3. Filters before '/usr/*' do ... before '/' do ... get '/usr/*' do ... get '*' do ... after '/usr/*' do ... after do ... # => after '*' do ...
- 41. 3. Filters /usr/hoge before '/usr/*' do ... before '/' do ... get '/usr/*' do ... get '*' do ... after '/usr/*' do ... after do ... # => after '*' do ...
- 42. 3. Filters /usr/hoge before '/usr/*' do ... 1 before '/' do ... get '/usr/*' do ... 2 get '*' do ... after '/usr/*' do ... 3 after do ... # => after '*' do ...
- 43. 3. Filters /usr/hoge / before '/usr/*' do ... 1 before '/' do ... get '/usr/*' do ... 2 get '*' do ... after '/usr/*' do ... 3 after do ... # => after '*' do ...
- 44. 3. Filters /usr/hoge / before '/usr/*' do ... 1 before '/' do ... 1 get '/usr/*' do ... 2 get '*' do ... 2 after '/usr/*' do ... 3 after do ... # => after '*' do ... 3
- 45. 3. Filters /usr/hoge / /fuga before '/usr/*' do ... 1 before '/' do ... 1 get '/usr/*' do ... 2 get '*' do ... 2 after '/usr/*' do ... 3 after do ... # => after '*' do ... 3
- 46. 3. Filters /usr/hoge / /fuga before '/usr/*' do ... 1 before '/' do ... 1 get '/usr/*' do ... 2 get '*' do ... 2 1 after '/usr/*' do ... 3 after do ... # => after '*' do ... 3 2
- 47. 4. Passing get '*' do pass if rand <= 0.2; # xxx end get '*' do # xxx end first match
- 48. 4. Passing get '*' do pass if rand <= 0.2; # xxx end get '*' do # xxx end first match
- 49. 5. Halt & Error error 403 do 'Access Forbidden' end before '/secret/*' do halt 403 unless authorized end
- 50. 5. Halt & Error error 403 do 'Access Forbidden' end before '/secret/*' do halt 403 unless authorized end
- 51. 5. Halt & Error error 404 do 'File Not Found' end before '/devel/*' do halt 'xxx' end
- 52. Request
- 53. URL pattern (:xxx) get '/path/:dir/:file' do # => '/path/hoge/fuga' params[:dir] # => "hoge" params[:file] # => "fuga" end
- 54. URL pattern (*) get '/path/*.*' do # => '/path/hoge/fuga.xml' params[:splat] # => [ "hoge/fuga", "xml" ] end get '/path/*.*' do |path, ext| # => '/path/hoge/fuga.xml' path # => "hoge/fuga" ext # => "xml" end
- 55. URL regular expression get %r{/path/([w]+)} do # => '/path/hoge' params[:capture] # => [ "hoge" ] end get %r{/path/([w]+)} do |cap| # => '/path/hoge' cap # => [ "hoge" ] end
- 56. HTTP Get query "/?abc=hoge&def=fuga" get '*' do params[:abc] # => "hoge" params[:def] # => "fuga" end
- 57. HTTP Post data <input name="abc" value="hoge"> <input name="def" value="fuga"> post '*' do params[:abc] # => "hoge" params[:def] # => "fuga" end
- 58. request object get '*' do request.cookies # => cookie hash request.xhr? # => is ajax request (boolean) request.methods # => any more! end
- 59. Response
- 61. 1. Object String Fixnum (as HTTP Status code) Array [status (Fixnum), response body (responds to #each)] [status (Fixnum), headers (Hash), response body (responds to #each)]
- 64. 2. Template get '/' do erb :index # => ./views/index.erb end
- 65. 2. Template get '/' do erb :index # => ./views/index.erb end
- 66. 2. Template get '/' do erb :index # => ./views/index.erb end config OK
- 67. 2. Template get '/' do @attr1 = "val1" @attr2 = "val2" erb :index end <%= @attr1 %><%= @attr2 %>
- 68. 2. Template get '/' do erb :index, :locals => { :attr1 => "val1", :attr2 => "val2" } end <%= attr1 %><%= attr2 %>
- 69. Conclusion
- 70. Sinatra Minimal routing framework for quickly creating web applications in Ruby can using any templates
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