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OSインストーラーの自作方法

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LINE Corporation
LINE Corporation

This document summarizes the steps to deploy a custom Linux operating system using PXE boot and discusses some key components: 1) It outlines the process of setting up PXE boot using a DHCP and TFTP server to serve boot files to clients over the network, allowing them to boot directly from the network. 2) It then describes building a customized initramfs image and kernel that contains drivers and packages needed to access storage and complete the OS installation. 3) Finally, it summarizes the process of installing the customized Linux distribution by downloading packages over the network, partitioning and formatting disks, and installing the target OS before rebooting.

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LINE DEVELOPER MEETUP #45 IN KYOTO2018-09-27 TOMOHIRO KIMURA @ LINE CORPORATION OS
• Tomohiro Kimura • LINE • IT Service Center – System dept – System Engineering Team • Engineer • LINE • • OS
Agenda • LINE OS • pxeboot • • OS
LINE OS
• LINE 90% • • ( ) • VM / Container • • LINE OS
Hypervisor / VM / Container OS OS
OS LINE OS old new RAID OS pxeboot webui DHCP, TFTP Installer kickstart pkg yum tar other config Profile & Debuggable • RAID • Kickstart yum pkg •
LINE OS Frontend (WebUI,API,DB) Backend (dhcp,tftp,pxe,os image) http pxeboot • Fronend • Hostname,macaddr,ipaddr,RAID ,OS • Backend: dhcp,tftp • pxeboot • • RAID • Partition, FileSystem • OS Image http • • reboot
PXEBOOT
dhcpd.conf PXEBOOT dhcpd.conf host host01 { hardware ethernet 64:5e:be:ab:cd:ef; # host01 Macaddr fixed-address 192.168.123.11; # host01 IPaddr option host-name ”host01"; next-server 192.168.123.10; # tftp IPaddr filename "pxelinux.0”; }
pxelinux.cfg PXEBOOT pxelinux.cfg/c0a87b08 DEFAULT menu.c32 PROMPT 0 TIMEOUT 50 MENU TITLE Support PXE LABEL Installer (ttyS0,115200n8) MENU LABEL Installer CentOS 6.9 x86_64 (ttyS0,115200n8) kernel boot/centos/6/vmlinuz append initrd=boot/centos/6/initrd.img root= rw console=tty1 console=ttyS0,115200n8 • c0a87b08 192.168.123.11 hex • join('', map {sprintf "¥U%02x", $_} split(/¥./, $ip)); • vmlinuz Distribution Kernel • initrd.img initram image • root= rootfs kernel panic
OSインストーラーの自作方法
• pxelinux.cfg linux kernel initrd.img tftp • Kernel • Initrd.img • Kernel /sbin/init # see linux/init/main.c • sysvinit upstart /sbin/init • systemd /lib/systemd/systemd • /sbin/init • bash python perl init #!/bin/bash reboot
• Daemon systemd systemd • Systemd /sbin/init systemd service • sysvinit /etc/rc.*/ systemd
• initramfs nfs rootfs / • initramfs • Storage Network kernel module • ( busybox) • /etc (udev, passwd ) • initramfs • • daemon • /sbin/init initramfs
• pure initramfs • initramfs (gz cpio) • /sbin/init • • • initramfs initramfs
INITRAMFS # dracut –c dracut.conf initrd_base.img 2.6.32 # zcat initrd_base.img | cpio –i -c $ cat dracut.conf dracutmodules+="base dash network kernel-modules terminfo nfs udev- rules” add_drivers+="hpsa e1000 igb megaraid_sas"
INITRAMFS # yum -y --installroot=`pwd` install `cat install_rpm_list` # rm –rf `cat neet_not_list` • rpm initramfs • busybox • dracut.conf • man
INITRAMFS # find . -print0 | cpio --null -ov --format=newc | gzip -9 > ../initrd.img
• /dev • kernel module • • • daemon • pkg • LINE pkg /SBIN/INIT
RAID RAID # MegaCli64 CfgLdDel -LALL -a0 -NoLog; MegaCli64 -AdpSetProp -EnableJBOD -0 -a0 # MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r0[32:0] CachedBadBBU -a0 -NoLog
Partition # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=65536 count=1 # /usr/sbin/sgdisk -Z /dev/sda # parted -s /dev/sda mklabel gpt # parted -s /dev/sda unit B mkpart primary ext3 1048576 1074790400 # parted -s /dev/sda set 1 boot on # parted -s /dev/sda unit B mkpart primary linux-swap 1074790912 3222274560 # parted -s /dev/sda unit B mkpart primary xfs 3222275072 100% Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 17.4kB 1049kB 1031kB Free Space 1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB primary boot 2 1075MB 3222MB 2147MB linux-swap(v1) primary 3 3222MB 479GB 476GB xfs primary
filesystem # mkfs.xfs -b size=1024 -f /dev/sda3 # mount -t xfs /dev/sda3 /mnt/ # mkfs.ext3 -F /dev/sda1 # tune2fs -O +dir_index /dev/sda1 # mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot # mkswap -f -c /dev/sda2 # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev # mount -t proc none /mnt/proc # mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys
OS # wget -q -O - http://192.168.123.10/images/centos_6.9_x86_64.tgz | tar -- numeric-owner -xzf - -C /mnt # chroot /mnt /sbin/grub-install /dev/sda # /mnt Network # /mnt hostname # (chef ansible )
reboot # reboot -f
OS
OS # mkdir -p ${BUILDROOT} # yum -y --installroot=${BUILDROOT} install `cat packages/10_base.list` # tar cvzf artifact/centos_6.9.tgz -C ${BUILDROOT} . Packer
OSインストーラーの自作方法
• Webui,api • pxeboot pxeboot • initramfs • raid • os yum • os • Distribution
Anaconda
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OSインストーラーの自作方法

  • 1. LINE DEVELOPER MEETUP #45 IN KYOTO2018-09-27 TOMOHIRO KIMURA @ LINE CORPORATION OS
  • 2. • Tomohiro Kimura • LINE • IT Service Center – System dept – System Engineering Team • Engineer • LINE • • OS
  • 3. Agenda • LINE OS • pxeboot • • OS
  • 5. • LINE 90% • • ( ) • VM / Container • • LINE OS
  • 6. Hypervisor / VM / Container OS OS
  • 7. OS LINE OS old new RAID OS pxeboot webui DHCP, TFTP Installer kickstart pkg yum tar other config Profile & Debuggable • RAID • Kickstart yum pkg •
  • 8. LINE OS Frontend (WebUI,API,DB) Backend (dhcp,tftp,pxe,os image) http pxeboot • Fronend • Hostname,macaddr,ipaddr,RAID ,OS • Backend: dhcp,tftp • pxeboot • • RAID • Partition, FileSystem • OS Image http • • reboot
  • 10. dhcpd.conf PXEBOOT dhcpd.conf host host01 { hardware ethernet 64:5e:be:ab:cd:ef; # host01 Macaddr fixed-address 192.168.123.11; # host01 IPaddr option host-name ”host01"; next-server 192.168.123.10; # tftp IPaddr filename "pxelinux.0”; }
  • 11. pxelinux.cfg PXEBOOT pxelinux.cfg/c0a87b08 DEFAULT menu.c32 PROMPT 0 TIMEOUT 50 MENU TITLE Support PXE LABEL Installer (ttyS0,115200n8) MENU LABEL Installer CentOS 6.9 x86_64 (ttyS0,115200n8) kernel boot/centos/6/vmlinuz append initrd=boot/centos/6/initrd.img root= rw console=tty1 console=ttyS0,115200n8 • c0a87b08 192.168.123.11 hex • join('', map {sprintf "¥U%02x", $_} split(/¥./, $ip)); • vmlinuz Distribution Kernel • initrd.img initram image • root= rootfs kernel panic
  • 13. • pxelinux.cfg linux kernel initrd.img tftp • Kernel • Initrd.img • Kernel /sbin/init # see linux/init/main.c • sysvinit upstart /sbin/init • systemd /lib/systemd/systemd • /sbin/init • bash python perl init #!/bin/bash reboot
  • 14. • Daemon systemd systemd • Systemd /sbin/init systemd service • sysvinit /etc/rc.*/ systemd
  • 15. • initramfs nfs rootfs / • initramfs • Storage Network kernel module • ( busybox) • /etc (udev, passwd ) • initramfs • • daemon • /sbin/init initramfs
  • 16. • pure initramfs • initramfs (gz cpio) • /sbin/init • • • initramfs initramfs
  • 17. INITRAMFS # dracut –c dracut.conf initrd_base.img 2.6.32 # zcat initrd_base.img | cpio –i -c $ cat dracut.conf dracutmodules+="base dash network kernel-modules terminfo nfs udev- rules” add_drivers+="hpsa e1000 igb megaraid_sas"
  • 18. INITRAMFS # yum -y --installroot=`pwd` install `cat install_rpm_list` # rm –rf `cat neet_not_list` • rpm initramfs • busybox • dracut.conf • man
  • 19. INITRAMFS # find . -print0 | cpio --null -ov --format=newc | gzip -9 > ../initrd.img
  • 20. • /dev • kernel module • • • daemon • pkg • LINE pkg /SBIN/INIT
  • 21. RAID RAID # MegaCli64 CfgLdDel -LALL -a0 -NoLog; MegaCli64 -AdpSetProp -EnableJBOD -0 -a0 # MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r0[32:0] CachedBadBBU -a0 -NoLog
  • 22. Partition # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=65536 count=1 # /usr/sbin/sgdisk -Z /dev/sda # parted -s /dev/sda mklabel gpt # parted -s /dev/sda unit B mkpart primary ext3 1048576 1074790400 # parted -s /dev/sda set 1 boot on # parted -s /dev/sda unit B mkpart primary linux-swap 1074790912 3222274560 # parted -s /dev/sda unit B mkpart primary xfs 3222275072 100% Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 17.4kB 1049kB 1031kB Free Space 1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB primary boot 2 1075MB 3222MB 2147MB linux-swap(v1) primary 3 3222MB 479GB 476GB xfs primary
  • 23. filesystem # mkfs.xfs -b size=1024 -f /dev/sda3 # mount -t xfs /dev/sda3 /mnt/ # mkfs.ext3 -F /dev/sda1 # tune2fs -O +dir_index /dev/sda1 # mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot # mkswap -f -c /dev/sda2 # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev # mount -t proc none /mnt/proc # mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys
  • 24. OS # wget -q -O - http://192.168.123.10/images/centos_6.9_x86_64.tgz | tar -- numeric-owner -xzf - -C /mnt # chroot /mnt /sbin/grub-install /dev/sda # /mnt Network # /mnt hostname # (chef ansible )
  • 26. OS
  • 27. OS # mkdir -p ${BUILDROOT} # yum -y --installroot=${BUILDROOT} install `cat packages/10_base.list` # tar cvzf artifact/centos_6.9.tgz -C ${BUILDROOT} . Packer
  • 29. • Webui,api • pxeboot pxeboot • initramfs • raid • os yum • os • Distribution