Canonical authors and works of

Philippine National artist

—The country’s rich repertoire of literary masterpieces
may be rooted in the diverse cultural heritage of the
Filipino people. They have produced varied texts
because of differences. The mighty roar of the North
and to the fiery temperament of the South blended well.
The Filipinos speak of the collective experiences from
the people who have gone through difficulties,
triumphs, struggles, successes, armed conflicts,
bloodless revolutions, and others. It is the reason why
these masterpieces resonated loud and clear in the
Philippine archipelago.
—Imagery is a poetic element that tries
to create a picture in the mind of the
reader or a mental image through the
use of figural language. It represents
objects, places, ideas, or even actions
that appeal to the senses of the
readers.
"Spoliarium" is a powerful
representation of violence,
oppression, and the human
cost of conflict, both in the
context of ancient Rome and
the Philippines' colonial
history.

"Spoliarium" is a famous
painting by Filipino artist
Juan Luna, completed in
1884.
The Mona Lisa, also known as
La Gioconda or La Joconde, is
a half-length portrait painting
by the Italian Renaissance
artist Leonardo da Vinci. It is
one of the most famous and
recognizable works of art in
the world. The painting is
believed to be a portrait of
Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a
Florentine merchant,
Francesco del Giocondo.
TOPICS TO BE
DISCUSSED:

A. Literature of each B.
Region Representative
• Tagalog Literature Authors
• Cebuano Literature
• Ilocano Literature
Why do we need to study the Literature of each
Region?
Style
Origin
Context
Famous works
Famous writers
Literary forms
TAGALOG LITERATURE
More popularly known now as the CALABARZON
referring to the provinces of Cavite, Laguna,
Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon, Region IV-A is home to
Tagalog speaking people in the Philippines.
Recognized all over the country for their bravery and
fearlessness in battles, CALABARZON has participated
actively in the country’s fight for freedom and
democracy. It is home to many a Philippine hero
foremost, and among them are Rizal of Laguna,
Mabini of Batangas, and Aguinaldo of Cavite.
Among the great novels in Philippine
Literature, Noli Me Tángere (Touch Me Not) is the
most controversial and widely-known. Written by
the country’s national hero, Dr. José Rizal, this
novel sparked the social awakening of Filipinos
during the Spanish colonial era. As Rizal cannot
fathom the unfairness of the Spanish priests and
the ruling government at the time, his purpose
of writing the book was to expose the ills of
Philippine society at the time. In this
revolutionary book, you’ll learn about the story
of Crisostomo Ibarra, how he dealt with Spanish
authorities, and how he prepared for his
revenge, as told in Rizal’s 2nd book, El
Filibusterismo.
Another famous masterpiece in Philippine
literature, Francisco Balagtas’ Florante at
Laura is written in the form of ‘awit’ where
there are four lines per stanza and 12
syllables per line. Set in the fictional kingdom
of Albania, it tackles the story between Duke
Florante and Princess Laura, who’s also being
pursued by Florante’s enemy Count Adolfo. As
a literary classic, this book has become a
favorite play not only among Filipino high
school students, but has been showcased in
grand theaters such as Gantimpala Theater
and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.
CEBUANO
• Refers to the body of oral and written literature of
LITERATURE
speakers of Cebuano, the mother tongue of a quarter of
the country’s population who live in Cebu, Bohol,
Siquijor, Negros Oriental and parts of Leyte and
Mindanao.
• Cebuanos have a rich oral tradition, including legends
associated with specific locals, like Maria Cacao legends
of Southern Cebu and folktales like the fable “Haring
Gangis or Haring Leon which warn of abusive behavior
by the dominant people.
CEBUANO
• The island of Visayas is
LITERATURE one of the major
geographical divisions in the Philippines, the
other two being Luzon and Mindanao.
• The dwelling place of many festivals such as the
Ati-Atihan, Di-nagyang, Sinulog, Pintados, and
Maskara, the Visayas may indeed be considered
as one of the cradles of Philippine civilization.
ILOKANO
Located in the northwest of Luzon, the Ilocos Region or
LITERATURE
Region 1 is comprised of four provinces, namely: Ilocos Norte,
Ilocos Sur, La Union, and Pangasinan. It is bordered to the
west by the turbulent South China Sea, to the east by the
Cordillera Administrative Region, the northeast and southeast
by Cagayan Valley and the South by Central Luzon. Most of
the inhabitants of the Ilocano homeland are concentrated
along a narrow coastal plain. Because of geographical
boundaries, these people often experience heavy rains and
violent typhoons, especially during rainy seasons.
"Biag ni Lam-ang" is an
Ilocano epic poem that
tells the story of Lam-
ang, a hero from the
pre-colonial
Philippines, known for
his extraordinary birth
and adventures. The
epic follows Lam-ang's
journey from avenging
his father's death, his
quest for love with Ines
Kannoyan, and his
eventual death and
resurrection.
—Nestor Vicente
Madali Gonzales
—Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzales
was the first recipient of the
commonwealth literary contest in
1940.
—He received the National Artist in
Literature award in 1990.
—The Happiest Boy in the World
(From the book seven hills away)
situated in the island of Mindoro. It
is a short story that talks about
provincial life.
NICK JOAQUIN -
"QUIJANO DE
MANILA,"
—Nick Joaquin is so far the most
distinguished Filipino writer in
English writing.
—He was awarded as the National
Artist for Literature in 1973.
—May Day Eve (One of the best
short narratives that believed to
pioneer the literary style called
"magic realism”).
—
MANUEL
ESTABILLO
ARGUILLA
—He was an Ilokano writer in
English, patriot, and martyr.
—Most of Arguilla's stories depict
scenes in barrio Nagrebcan,
Bauang, La Union where he was
born.
—Uses local color.
—How my Brother Leon brought
home a Wife (Narration of a
brother about how Leon brought
his wife to meet his parents).
—
PAZ MÁRQUEZ-
BENÍTEZ
—Authored the first Filipino modern
English language short story.
—She was among the first generation
of Filipino people trained in the
American Education system which
used English as the medium of
instruction.
—Dead Stars (The story is about a love
triangle between Alfredo, Esperanza
and Julia).
—
JOSE GARCIA
VILLA
—Poet, critic, short story writer, and
painter
—Villa wrote several short stories
published in prestigious American
magazines and anthologies.
—National Artist award for Literature
(1973).
—Popularly known as the “comma
poet”
—Footnote to Youth (Short story about
a young man who got married early
and face life’s challenge).
José Protasio Rizal
Mercado y Alonso
Realonda
He is popularly considered a
national hero (pa
mbansang bayani
) of the Philippines.
José Rizal's most famous
literary works are his two
novels, Noli Me Tángere (1887)
and El Filibusterismo (1891).
These novels, along with his
poem Mi Ultimo Adios, are
considered pinnacles of
Philippine literature and played
Amado V. Hernandez
Amado V. Hernandez was a Filipino writer
and labor leader who was known for his
criticism of social injustices in the
Philippines and was later imprisoned. He
significantly influenced Philippine literature
by spotlighting the struggles of peasants
and laborers. His novels, like 'Mga Ibong
Mandaragit' and 'Luha Ng Buwaya,'
focused on themes of social injustice and
oppression. Hernandez's works were
rooted in Marxist philosophy, advocating
for social change.
Lope K. Santos
Lope K. Santos is considered the
"Father of Filipino Grammar" primarily
because of his seminal work, Balarila
ng Wikang Pambansa (Grammar of
the National Language), published in
1940.
He is best known for his 1906 socialist
novel, Banaag at Sikat and for his
contributions for the development of
Filipino grammar and Tagalog
orthography.
Salama
Thank you for listening

t!
Individual
task
"Sa Aking Mga Kabatà" (English: To My Fellow Youth) is a poem about the love of
one's native language written in Tagalog. It is widely attributed to the Filipino
national hero José Rizal, who supposedly wrote it in 1868 at the age of eight.
III.
"Sa Aking Mga Kabatà"
Ang hindi magmahal sa kanyang salitâ
I. Mahigit sa hayop at malansáng isdâ,
Kapagka ang baya'y sadyáng Kayâ ang marapat pagyamaning kusà
Na tulad sa ináng tunay na nagpalà.
umiibig
Sa kanyáng salitáng kaloob ng IV.
Ang wikang Tagalog tulad din sa Latin
langit, Sa Inglés, Kastilà at salitang anghel,
Sanlang kalayaan nasa ring Sapagka't ang Poong maalam tumingín
II.
masapit Ang siyang naggawad, nagbigay sa atin.
Pagka't ang salita'y isang
Katulad ng ibong nasa V.
kahatulan
himpapawid. Ang salita nati'y huwad din sa iba
Sa bayan, sa nayo't mga Na may alfabeto at sariling letra,
kaharián, Na kaya nawalá'y dinatnan ng sigwâ
At ang isáng tao'y katulad, Ang lunday sa lawà noóng dakong una.