21st CENTURY LITERATURE
TEACHING FROM THE
PHILIPPINES TO THE
WORLD
LESSON 3: Identify literary authors and representative texts from
each region, Read and understand some of their selected literary
works and Realize the significance of literature in one’s life
Value the contributions of
LESSON
3 local writers to the
development of regional
literary traditions and
appreciate the
contributions of the
canonical Filipino writers
to the development of
national literature.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson,
you should be able to
identify:
o Identify literary authors and
representative texts from each
region.
o Read and understand some of
their selected literary works.
o Realize the significance of
literature in one’s life.
LET’S WARM UP!!
Match each
characteristic of
Philippine Literature
given in the left box to
the Literary Historical
Periods provided in the
A. PRE- E.
B. SPANISH C. AMERICAN D. JAPANESE
COLONIAL CONTEMPORA
PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD
PERIOD RY PERIOD
_________________1.
Religion and institutions that represent
European civilizations
enriched the languages in the
lowlands, introduced theater
such as komedya, sinakulo and
sarswela.
____________2. New literary forms such as free verse (in
poetry), the
modern short story and the critical
essay were introduced.
____________3. Literature is oral in nature and the sources
are usually the local
B. Spanish
___________________ 1.
Religion and institutions that represent
period
European civilizations
enriched the languages in the lowlands,
C. American
introduced
period
theater
A. Pre-colonial such as komedya, sinakulo and
period
sarswela.
______________2. New literary forms such as free verse (in
E. the
poetry),
Contemporary modern short story and the critical
period
essay were introduced.
A. Pre-colonial
______________3. Literature is oral in nature and the
period
sources are usually the
local native town folk. Rich past was
showcased through folk
PRE-TEST
A. Check your knowledge.
Instructions:
Write only the letter of your chosen
answer. Write letter D if you think the correct
answer is not found in the given choices. Use
a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
1. She was a native of Pampanga but settled in Albay. She was
known as the Matriarch of Filipino women poets writing in
English, and was the author of the poem “Revolt from Hymen”.
A. Edith L.Tiempo B. Angela Manalang Gloria C.
Estrella D. Alfon
2. He was from Baao, Camarines Sur and was one of the first
Filipinos to write and publish
works in English.
A. Amado V. Hernandez B. Luis G. Dato C. Nick
Joaquin
3. A Filipino poet who was the author of "Mi Ultimo Pensamiento"
which was the first good English translation, in rhymes, of José
Rizal's "Mi Ultimo Adios".
A. Luis Dato B. Honesto Pesimo,Jr. C.
Abdon M.Balde,Jr.
4. She was the author of a book of poetry called “Poems” in 1940.
In this collection was also
her last poem, “Old Maid walking In the City.”
1. She was a native of Pampanga but settled in Albay. She was
known as the Matriarch of Filipino women poets writing in
English, and was the author of the poem “Revolt from Hymen”.
A. Edith L.Tiempo B. Angela Manalang Gloria C.
Estrella D. Alfon
2. He was from Baao, Camarines Sur and was one of the first
Filipinos to write and publish
works in English.
A. Amado V. Hernandez B. Luis G. Dato C. Nick
Joaquin
3. A Filipino poet who was the author of "Mi Ultimo Pensamiento"
which was the first good English translation, in rhymes, of José
Rizal's "Mi Ultimo Adios".
A. Luis Dato B. Honesto Pesimo,Jr. C.
Abdon M.Balde,Jr.
4. She was the author of a book of poetry called “Poems” in 1940.
In this collection was also
her last poem, “Old Maid walking In the City.”
VOCABULARY LIST
UTTERED
To make a statement
or sound.
STRADDLE -
To be in a position of
indecision.
STOWED –
To put away for future
use.
RATTLED -
To make a rapid series
of short noises.
STATIC -
Unwanted noise caused
by a radio or television
receiver.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF
LITERATURE
Importance of Literature
➢ "By reading narratives, we can empathize
and understand others,"
-Judith Caesar, English professor at the
American University of
Sharjah (AUS).
➢ Literature is thought provoking; it allows us
to raise questions and
gives us a deeper understanding of issues
and situations."
➢ "Literature provides insight into the minds of
other human beings,
Importance of Literature
➢ "Literature teaches us to analyze a
character, allows us to
reach inside his or her mind so we see
what drives a
character, what shapes his or her
beliefs and how one
relates to others."
➢ Literature also allows us to question
some of our most
WHAT IS THE
WRITER’S ROLE
IN SOCIETY?
What does the writer bring to the
world that no one else can?
Writers and storytellers are the
individuals who have designated
themselves with the daunting task of
recreating the time, place, and
characters of whatever era they live
in.
What does the writer bring to the
world that no one else can?
The different fiction genres each
demonstrate a unique facet of the
writer’s society. A horror writer will
memorialize the discomforts of his era. A
science fiction writer will demonstrate
that era’s views on technology, change,
and widespread social issues.
A literary writer will display what mundane
What does the writer bring to the
world that no one else can?
By writing a novel, the writer acts
to keep their era alive for future
generations, so that our children and
grandchildren can understand who
we really were, and what we stood
for.
What does the writer bring to the
world that no one else can?
However, there’s more to it
than that. By nature, writers are
teachers. Again, writers write
because they have something to
say to the world.
WHO ARE THE
WRITER’S?
Kristian Sendon Cordero (April 1983)
His books of poetry in
three languages have won the
Madrigal-Gonzales Best First
Book Award, the Philippine
National Awards and the
Gintong Aklat wards (Golden
Book Awards). In 2017,
he represented the
Philippines in the International
Writing Program at the
University of Iowa. As a
translator, he has translated
the works of Rainer Maria
Rilke, Jorge Luis Borges, Franz
ABDON M. BALDE, JR. (Sept 12, 1946)
He was born in Busac,
Oas, Albay A contemporary
Bicolano writer in Bikol,
Filipino and English He was
awarded as one of the
Outstanding Bikolano Artists
for 2009 in Literary Arts
category in Naga City, In 2012,
he was named Poet
laureate of Albay. Today, he is
a councillor of the organization
Lupon Sa Wika, a member of
the National Commission for
Culture and the Arts (NCCA)
MERLINDA BOBIS (November 25, 1959)
Award-winning writer
Merlinda Bobis grew up in
Albay, Philippines at the foot of
an active volcano, which
figures prominently in her
writing and performance.
As a child her main
interest was painting, but at
age ten she began writing
poetry because ‘painting with
words’ was cheaper. She has
published novels, short stories,
dramas and poems.
Works: Fish-Hair Woman,
GIL L. GREGORIO
Born on June 24, 1961,
Naga, Camarines Sur He’s been
into poetry writing since 1983
while serving as one of the
staffs of the Nueva Caceres
Bulletin, the official publication
of the University of Nueva
Caceres.
He is a regular contributor
to the Bicol literature
publication, An Tambobong nin
Literaturang Bikolnon, where
several of his poems in Bicol
dialect were published.
FRANCISCO SIONIL JOSE or F.Sionil
Jose
From Rosales, Pangasinan
(1924-Present) Region 1, Ilocos
Region His writings since
1960s when taken collectively
can be described as epic.
His works reflect the
consistent espousal of the
aspirations of Filipinos:
National Sovereignty and
Social Justice His works were
translated into various
languages Rosales Saga, The
Pretenders, The Molave and
the Orchid (2004)
CIRILO F. BAUTISTA (1941-2018)National Capital
Region
A poet, fictionist and
essayist with exceptional
achievements and significant
contributions to the
development of the country’s
literary arts.
As a way of bringing
poetry and fiction closer to the
people who otherwise would
not have the opportunity to
develop their creative talent,
Bautista has been holding
regular funded and unfunded
workshops throughout the
PRACTICE TASK 1
This time, you can have a short break from the
usual writing activity. What you need is a pencil and a
clean bond paper. You may also use coloring materials
to make your output more creative.
You have to read and understand the Filipino
poem written by Merlinda Bobis. Then, draw something
that best represents the meaning of the poem. Briefly
explain the object that you have drawn. Do this in a
separate sheet of paper.
30
"Usapang Ina at Anak"
Merlinda Bobis
“inang, napakaiksi ng inyong
biyahe
mula kama hanggang kalan.”
“ay, anak, tinatawid ko sa mundo
ikaw at ang tatang.”
“inang, nanunuyo na ang inyong
mga matang
hindi marahil nasipingan ng
diwa.”
“anak, ako ang nagluluwal
ng binhi ng isip.”
“inang, araw-araw yata
ay umiikli ang inyong dila.”
“anak, anak, ang mga labi ko’y
hitik
Overall, the poem poignantly
captures the depth of a
mother's sacrifices, the quiet
resilience, and the emotional
labor involved in nurturing her
family. It also hints at the often
unspoken or unnoticed
struggles that come with this
role.
PRACTICE TASK 2
Answer the following given
questions.
33
1. Why do you think it is important to know and be
familiar with the authors and their literary
works?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2. How does literary texts affect the readers?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
1. Why do you think it is important to know and be
familiar with the authors and their literary works?
Ans: Literature allows us to explore the vast spectrum
of human emotions and experiences. This exploration
can lead to greater empathy and understanding of
others' lives and struggles.
2. How does literary texts affect the readers
Ans: literary texts affect readers on multiple levels—
emotionally, intellectually, morally, and socially. They
have the power to transform readers' understanding
of themselves and the world, making literature a vital
PRACTICE TASK 3
Read and understand the poem
below. Choose a stanza and tell
whether you agree or disagree
with it. Explain your answer very
well.
36
A Journey of Everything New
(2005)
Gil L. Gregorio
In my childhood,
the journey was a perilous one:
full of hardships, pains and tears.
In my adulthood,
the journey was a generous one:
full of wonders, hardships and
pains.
In my manhood,
the journey was a gentle one:
full of smiles, wonders and
hardships.
But in me, of years...
all was in wonderful passion
that happened from the beauty of
"A Journey of Everything New" is a
reflective piece that examines the
various stages of life,
acknowledging the hardships, joys,
and wonders that accompany each
phase, and ultimately questioning
the deeper meaning of this journey.
ASSIGNMENT
This time you will be asked to show your
respect and appreciation to your local
writers/ authors by making a creative
tribute through any of the following:
Use a separate
A.Writing sheet
a two-stanza for your output.
poem
B. Tiktok Presentation
C. Creating a Slogan (can be posted
on facebook)
D. Poster-Making (can be posted on
facebook)
E. Other creative forms
Thank you
