MODULE 20: SOCIO-
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
OF PRIMARY SCHOOLERS
INTRODUCTION
• The developmental theorist, Erik Erikson
formulated eight stages of man’s psychosocial
development.
• Pre-school children belong to the fourth
stage of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages. Here,
children have to resolve the issue of Industry and
Inferiority.
Erik Erikson’s fourth stage of
psychosocial development
Industry vs. inferiority is the
psychosocial crisis that the children
will have to resolve in this stage.
Industry- refers to a child’s
involvement in situations where
long, patient is work is demanded of
them
Inferiority - the feeling created
when a child gets a feeling of failure
when they cannot finish or master
their work.
UNDERSTANDING THE SELF
self concept - the knowledge
about self, such as beliefs
regarding person ability traits,
physical characteristics, abilities,
values, goals and roles.
Primary school children’s self-
concept is influenced not only by
their parents but also by the
growing number of people they
begin to interact with.
The encouragement of
parents and caring educators
helps build a child’s sense of
self-esteem, confidence and
ability o interact positively in
the world.
SCHOOL YEARS
children tend to become
increasingly self-confident and
able to cope well with social
interactions
They are not focused on
themselves anymore but are
also aware of the needs and
desires of others.
The issues of fairness and
equality become more
important to them as they learn
to care for people who are not
part of their families.
Building friendships
What is Friends?
A singe soul dwelling in two bodies. –
Aristotle
Making friends is crucial but very
important part of children’s social and
emotional growth.
Primary school children prefer to belong
to peer groups of the same gender.
Many children observe and mingle with
other children while some remains a bit
loner.
Building
friendships
Peer group
-characterized by children
who belong approximately to the
same age group
• It is found along the stages of
childhood through adolescence.
• But for children until the age of 7-
8, They may play well in groups
but need some time to play
alone.
Anti –social behavior
• Some adults may perceive that
some children’s behavior towards
other children as anti-social when
children poke, hit or kick other
children when they are first
introduced, it is fairly normal
• children at this stage are still
forming their own world views
• . Parents and teachers can help
children make friends
Anti –social behavior
You can consider the following:
• Expose children to rich kid
environments (e.g. playground,
park)
• Create a play group in your class
and let the children mingle with
their classmates.
• When your children hit other
children, remind them that their
behavior hurts others.
• Coordinate with the parents and
other teachers so that the children
will have a greater opportunity to
interact with other children.
Self-control
• Once children reach school age, they
begin to take pride in their ability to
do things and their capacity to exert
more effort.
• They start to like receiving positive
feedback from their parents and
teachers.
• become a great opportunity for
parents and teachers to encourage
positive emotional responses from
children.
Implications to Child Care, Education
and Parenting
• understanding of their child’s emotional
strengths and weaknesses by observing
the child’s behavior at home
• collaboration with the child’s parents and
health-care provider to expand one’s
insights on the child’s development.
• Provide a supportive setting where
children have opportunity to practice
emotional regulation and social skills with
peers.
• Be a role model of healthy emotions and
expressing their emotions appropriately.
• Demonstrate calmness and staying in
control of one’s own feelings
THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
