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The Period of Enlightenment

Period of Enlightenment

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Jay R Cristobal
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7 views

The Period of Enlightenment

Period of Enlightenment

Uploaded by

Jay R Cristobal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Period of Enlightenment

Course Code: LIT001


Year Level & Sec.: First Year
Course: Criminology
Historical Background
After 300 years of passivity under Spanish rule, the
Filipino spirit reawakened when the 3 priests
Gomez, Burgos and Zamora were guillotined
without sufficient evidence of guilt.
This occurred on the 17th of February. This was
buttressed with the spirit of liberalism when the
Philippines opened its doors to world trade and
with the coming of a liberal leader in the person of
Governor Carlos Maria de la Torre.
Historical Background
The Spaniards were unable to suppress the tide of
rebellion among the Filipinos. The once religious
spirit transformed itself into one of nationalism
and the Filipinos demanded changes in the
government and in the church. A. The Propaganda
Movement (1872-1896) This movement was
spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle
class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano
Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose
Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.
Historical Background
The objectives of this movement were to seek
reforms and changes like the following:
1. To get equal treatment for the Filipinos and the
Spaniards under the law.
2. To make the Philippines a colony of Spain.
3. To restore Filipino representation in the Spanish
Cortes.
4. To Filipinize the parishes.
5. To give the Filipinos freedom of speech, of the
press, assembly and for redress of grievances.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Alonzo y Realonda was
born on June 19, 1861 at Calamba, Laguna. His first
teacher was his mother Teodora Alonozo. He studied
at the Ateneo de Manila, started medicine at UST and
finished at the Universidad Central of Madrid. He also
studied at the University of Berlin, Leipzig and
Heidelberg.
He died by musketry in the hands of the Spaniards on
December 30, 1896 on charges of sedition and
rebellion against the Spaniards. His pen-name was
Laong Laan and Dimasalang.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
1. NOLI ME TANGERE. This was the novel that gave
spirit to the propaganda movement and paved
the way to the revolution against Spain. In this
book, he courageously exposed the evils in the
Spanish-run government in the Philippines.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
2. EL FILIBUSTERISMO. This is a sequel to the NOLI.
While the NOLI exposed the evils in society, the
FILI exposed those in the government and in the
church. However, the NOLI has been dubbed the
novel of society while that of FILI is that of
politics.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
3.MI ULTIMO ADIOS (My Last Farewell). This was a
poem by Rizal while he was incarcerated at Fort
Santiago and is one that can compare favorably
with the best in the world. It was only after his
death when his name was affixed to the poem.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
4. SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS (On the
Indolence of the Filipinos). An essay on the so-
called Filipino indolence and an evaluation of the
reasons for such allegations.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
5. FILIPINAS DENTRO DE CIEN AÑOS (The
Philippines within a Century). An essay predicting
the increasing influence of the US in the
Philippines and the decreasing interest of Europe
here.
Rizal predicted that if there is any other colonizer
of the Philippines in the future, it would be the
US.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
6. A LA JUVENTUD FILIPINA (To the Filipino Youth).
A poem Rizal dedicated to the Filipino youth
studying at UST.

7. EL CONSEJO DE LES DIOSES (The Council of the


Gods). An allegorical play manifesting
admiration for Cervantes.
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
8. JUNTO AL PASIG (Beside the Pasig River).
Written by Rizal when he was 14 years of age.
9. ME PIDEN VERSOS (You asked Me for Verses);
1882 and A LAS FLORES DE HEIDELBERG (To the
Flowers of Heidelberg). Two poems manifesting
Rizal’s unusual depth of emotion.
10. NOTAS A LA OBRA SUCESOS DE LAS FILIPINAS
FOR EL DR. ANTONIO DE MORGA (Notes on
Philippine Events by Dr. Antonio de Morga): 1889
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
His books and writings:
6. A LA JUVENTUD FILIPINA (To the Filipino Youth).
A poem Rizal dedicated to the Filipino youth
studying at UST.

7. EL CONSEJO DE LES DIOSES (The Council of the


Gods). An allegorical play manifesting
admiration for Cervantes.

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