Lesson 5
Emotions and Emotional Intelligence
Lesson 5
Emotions and
Emotional Intelligence
“Your intellect may be confused, but your
emotions will never lie to you.”
-Roger Ebert
Topics in this Lesson:
Emotions and Its Components
(Behavioral, Biological, Cognitive)
Elements of Emotional Intelligence
(Self-awareness, Self-regulation,
Motivation, Empathy, Social Skills)
Let’s Get Started
Jerome gets easily irritated by comments that he does
not want to hear. He could not control himself. Unless he
blurts out his anger, he feels tense and restless. At home, he is
cranky and answers back his mother whenever he is asked to
fix his room. He stays up late playing computer games, which
makes him wake up late in the morning. He also fights with his
younger brother when he could not get what he wants.
In school, Jerome seems less aggressive as he always
enjoys the company of his friends. However, he will not
hesitate to get back at anyone who will provoke him to anger.
Jerome is sad but he does not know what to do about it.
Processing Questions:
What do you think is Jerome’s problem?
What could be a better way to express his anger?
How can you help Jerome with his problem?
Emotions and Its Components
Three Components of Behavior
Biological Component
Behavioral Component
Cognitive Component
Biological Component: Physiological
Arousal
Our experience of emotion does not come
suddenly. It starts with a state of arousal, a
heightened activity in both our mind and body that
makes us more alert.
Cannon-Bard Theory
This theory states that when emotions are provoked, the
physiological arousal happens concurrently. Neither one
causes the other. The brain gets a message that causes the
experience of emotion that the autonomic nervous system gets
a message that causes physiological arousal.
Walter Bradford Cannon – Philip Bard
STIMULUS PHYSIOLOGICAL AROUSAL
EMOTION
According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, we react to a stimulus and
experience the associated emotion at the same time.
How the Cannon-Bard Theory Works
More specifically, it is suggested that
emotions result when the thalamus sends a
message to the brain in response to a stimulus,
resulting in a physiological reaction.
For example: I see a snake --> I am afraid, and I
begin to tremble.
For example:
A Frightening Experience
Imagine that you are walking to your car through a
darkened parking garage. You hear the sounds of
footsteps trailing behind you, and spot a shadowy
figure slowly following you as you make your way
to your car.
According to the Cannon-Bard theory of
emotion, you will experience feelings of fear
and physical reaction at the same time. You
will begin to feel fearful, and your heart will
begin to race. You rush to your car, lock the
doors behind you, and rush out of the parking
garage to head home.
Example:
A Date
Imagine that you are going on a date with someone you
recently met. You really like this person and are excited to
spend time with them.
You experience both physical and emotional responses,
including feelings of happiness and excitement as well as
sweaty palms and a rapid heartbeat.
James-Lange Theory
This theory states that emotions are our interpretation of the
accompanying physiological reactions.
STIMULUS PHYSIOLOGICAL AROUSAL
EMOTION
William James’s theory suggested that
people first experience a physiological reaction
in response to a stimulus in the environment.
People then experience some sort of
physiological reaction to this stimulus which is
then labeled as an emotion.
For example, if you encounter a growling dog,
you might begin to breathe rapidly and tremble.
James-Lange theory would then suggest that you
would label those feelings as fear.
People experience sweating, a racing
heartbeat, and increased respiration in response
to fear, excitement, and anger. These emotions
are very different, but the physiological
responses are the same.
Cognitive theories of emotion began to emerge
during the 1960s, as part of what is often referred
to as the "cognitive revolution" in psychology. One
of the earliest cognitive theories of emotion was
one proposed by Stanley Schachter and Jerome
Singer, known as the two-factor theory of emotion.
The two-factor theory of emotion focuses on the interaction between
physical arousal and how we cognitively label that arousal. In other words,
simply feeling arousal is not enough; we also must identify the arousal in
order to feel the emotion.
So, imagine you are alone in a dark parking lot walking toward your car. A
strange man suddenly emerges from a nearby row of trees and rapidly
approaches. The sequence that follows, according to the two-factor theory,
would be much like this:
I see a strange man walking toward me.
My heart is racing and I am trembling.
My rapid heart rate and trembling are caused by fear.
I am frightened!
Behavioral Component: Emotional
Expression
Macroexpressions are emotions that we do not intend to hide
and occur whenever we are alone or with family and close
friends.
Microexpressions are emotions that go on and off the face in a
fraction of a second. It can happen so fast that one cannot see or
recognize them easily.
Cognitive Component: Subjective Labeling
Lazarus Theory or Appraisal Theory or Stress Appraisal Theory
Appraisal theory refers to the process by which individuals evaluate
and cope with a stressful event. Stress appraisal theory is concerned with
individuals’ evaluation of the event.
Stress appraisal comes in two forms, primary and secondary
appraisal, which should be considered as two stages of appraisal or
evaluation.
* Primary appraisal - “benefit”
-In a person's primary appraisal, an
individual answers the question, "How relevant is
this situation to my needs?" Thus, the individual
evaluates how important the situation is to his or her
well-being.
Secondary appraisal – “cope with the situation”
- During this process, a person
decides what coping options are available.
-how healthy we are, how
much energy we have, whether family and friends can
help, our ability to rise to the challenge, and how much
money or equipment we have), our available options, and
the possibilities we have for controlling our situation.
What is the Importance of Stress Appraisal Theory?
Stress appraisal theory considers how individual
differences play a critical role in assessing stressors and
determining appropriate coping responses. By understanding
how stress is appraised, one obtains information about the
best methods for coping with stress. Understanding how stress
occurs and the way in which one deals with it is important so
that one can become more effective at reducing the adverse
effect of negative stress and the ability to maximize positive
stress.
The cognitive component is
described as how we interpret emotions
and think about situations. The
physiological component is how the body
reacts to an emotion while the
behavioural component is how you
express and show your emotion.
Emotional Intelligence
It is the ability of a person to understand and express
himself, to understand and relate well to others, and to
successfully cope with the demands of daily life.
Emotional intelligence is defined as the ability to
understand and manage your own emotions, as well as
recognize and influence the emotions of those around
you.
Elements of Emotional Intelligence
An emotionally intelligent person possesses both
personal and interpersonal skills as follows:
Self-awareness
Self-regulation
Motivation
Empathy
Social Skills
1. Self-awareness
This is the ability of a person to tune his own feelings. A
person can recognize his own emotions and its effects on
others. He can accept his feelings whether positive or
negative because he is confident about his self-worth and
capability.
When you're emotionally intelligent, you understand
yourself at a deeper level. That means recognizing both
your strengths and your weaknesses.
2. Self-regulation
This is the ability to control disruptive impulses cause by
negative emotions such as anger, anxiety, or depression. It
also involves trustworthiness, conscientiousness,
adaptability, and innovation.
3. Motivation
-Emotionally intelligent people are motivated and have the ability to motivate others.
-motivated people are so adept at inspiring the people around them to grow, improve, and succeed.
4. Empathy
This ability helps one to recognize and understand how
people feel.
It refers to the awareness and consideration of the feelings
of others.
5. Social Skills
This is usually referred to as “people skills”
because they can influence, communicate, and
lead. They can work well with others through
collaboration and cooperation.
It involves understanding people, developing
relationships, and motivating others to accomplish
objectives.
Create a time-lapse video presentation that shows your holistic
development (physical, psychological, spiritual, cognitive,
psychosocial, etc.) (1-3 minutes)
with a caption/explanation that can fully explain your development
December 22- deadline
Criteria:
Creativity 15
relevance to the topic 25
Presentation 15
Compliance to the given time 5
Content 40
